The invention discloses a negative pressure ventilating and dust removing device for a mine, which comprises an air cylinder, a multi-stage fan communicated with one end of the air cylinder and a horn-shaped connecting pipe communicated with the other end of the air cylinder. One end of the horn-shaped connecting pipe, away from the air cylinder, is connected with an air collecting pipe, and the horn mouth of the horn-shaped connecting pipe connected with the air cylinder is larger than the horn mouth of the horn-shaped connecting pipe connected with the air collecting pipe. The air collectingpipe comprises a pipe body and air guide fins which are spirally arranged on the pipe body, a plurality of meshes are arranged on the air collecting pipe sections between two adjacent spiral rings inthe air guide fin, one end of the pipe body is communicated with the horn-shaped connecting pipe, and the other end of the pipe body is an air collecting port of the air collecting pipe. Accoriding to the invention, the device is novel in design, by using the multi-stage fan, the pressure difference between the air in the dust removing device and the external air is increased, the flow velocity of the air is accelerated, the dust removing capacity is increased, the dust is guided by the air guide fins to enter the pipe body in a spiral shape, and the air flow obtains the rotary motion, the dust entering the pipe body forms vortex, thereby increasing the dust collecting range and the dust absorption speed and improving the dust removing effect.