The invention discloses a force feedback-based robot abrasive belt polishing virtual demonstration method. The method includes the following steps that: a virtual scene is constructed; a virtual deformable abrasive belt model is constructed; a coordinate mapping relationship between the tail end of a force feedback device and a virtual workpiece is established, and the attitude and moving speed ofthe virtual workpiece in the virtual environment are read and updated in real time; a user holds the tail end of the force feedback device so as to operate the virtual workpiece to perform demonstrative polishing at a contact wheel or the virtual deformable abrasive belt; the abrasive belt polishing force of the virtual workpiece is calculated, and the output of the force feedback device is integrated; the user dynamically adjusts the force strength and attitude parameters of the polishing of the workpiece according to the geometric information of the workpiece and the deformation of the abrasive belt under the guidance of a polishing feedback force; and generated trajectories are converted into robot codes, so that automatic machining can be realized. The method of the invention integrates the experience of manual polishing, enables the user to select a corresponding polishing mode, and dynamically adjust the force strength and attitude of the polishing of the workpiece, and providesa more natural and effective interactive programming mode for robot abrasive belt polishing.