The invention discloses a biomass microwave pyrolysis oriented gasification method and system. The method includes a microwave pyrolysis reaction process, a microwave gasification reaction process anda catalyst recycling regeneration process. An employed catalyst is a catalyst including biological semi-coke, biological tar, nickel oxide and a group I metal hydroxide. The system of the present invention includes a feed assembly, a microwave pyrolysis assembly, a microwave gasification assembly and a catalyst regeneration assembly. The catalyst regeneration assembly includes an oxidation processor, a deashing tank, a dispersion processor, a precipitation processor, an extruder, a baking chamber and a necessary solid-liquid separation device. The method and system of the present invention can catalyze oriented conversion of biomass into syngas to achieve a gas yield of 90% or more, a syngas content of 90% or more, and a H2/CO ratio controlled between 2.0 and 3.0. The system can effectively couple and integrate products and energy during the production process, and achieve a continuous and streamlined process.