The present invention relates to the field of coal tar processing, and discloses a coal tar hydrogenation method and a coal tar hydrogenation system. The coal tar hydrogenation method comprises: introducing a coal tar raw material into a pretreatment unit, and carrying out water removal and/or impurity removal pretreatment; introducing the obtained material into the slurry bed hydrogenation reactor of a slurry bed hydrogenation unit, and carrying out hydroconversion; sequentially carrying out separation and fractionation on the obtained material to obtain a light distillate, a middle distillate and a heavy distillate; recycling the partial middle distillate and the remaining heavy distillate back to the slurry bed hydrogenation reactor, and carrying out hydroconversion; and introducing thelight distillate and the remaining middle distillate into the refinement reactor of a fixed bed hydrogenation unit, and carrying out a hydrorefining reaction. According to the present invention, by combining the slurry bed and the fixed bed, the clean and efficient utilization of coal tar resources is achieved, the yield of the liquid is improved at a maximum, the utilization rate and the utilization value of coal tar resources are improved, and the operating cycle of the equipment is prolonged.