The invention relates to the technical field of processing systems in the powdery material process and discloses an inert atmosphere granulation system. The inert atmosphere granulation system comprises a feeding device, a granulation device, an inert atmosphere device and an exhaust device, wherein the granulation device comprises a high-temperature spraying granulating machine, a condensing tower and a discharging hole, the high-temperature spraying granulating machine is distributed in the condensing tower, and the discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the condensing tower; the inert atmosphere device comprises an inert gas source and a wind supply pump; the feeding device is connected with the high-temperature spraying granulating machine and is used for conveying materials in the feeding device to the high-temperature spraying granulating machine, the high-temperature spraying granulating machine is used for spraying the materials into the condensing tower, and the inert gas source is in tight connection with an wind inlet of the condensing tower through the wind supply pump and is used for conveying inert gas into the condensing tower so as to granulate the materials sprayed into the condensing tower by the high-temperature spraying granulating machine in an inert gas environment; the exhaust device is used for exhausting waste gas in the condensing tower. By utilizing the inert atmosphere granulation system, the granulation of high-melting-point substances or water and oxygen sensitive powder is realized.