The invention relates to a suction-type precision sowing apparatus, which can complete accurate sowing for paddy rice seeds. The suction-type precision sowing apparatus comprises a motor, a nutrient soil discharge part, a spacing plate, a suction part, a change over switch, a gas source, a seed disc shake table, and a sowing rack. While sowing, a seed disk is placed on the shake table, after the shake table vibrates, seeds on the seed disk generate upcast motion, suction generated by small holes on a suction plate can absorb the seeds, the suction plate moves to a proper position over a growing tray, flow of the gas source is blocked, the seeds fall off in each taper holes of the growing tray due to deadweight, 2-3 seeds are guaranteed in each hole, primary sowing work is completed; The suction-type precision sowing apparatus has the advantages of high sowing precision and no seeds damage; the structure is novel, the suction-type precision sowing apparatus is used for growing and sowing paddy rice, little reconstruction of the suction-type precision sowing apparatus can be used for growing and sowing vegetable seeds; and the suction-type precision sowing apparatus has the characteristics of handwork operation, mechanization and automation operation.