The invention provides a remote data acquisition and real-time analysis system for a filling production line, and belongs to the technical field of data acquisition systems. The system comprises a filling production line data acquisition end, a cloud server and a remote application end; the filling production line data acquisition end takes an MCU (Micro Control Unit) module as the control center; a working gas pressure monitoring module, a leak detection pool water bath temperature detection module and a raw liquid level height detection module are connected to the MCU module via an analog-to-digital conversion module; a communication module, a working cylinder position monitoring module, a conveying belt motor working condition detection module, a filled liquid flow detection module and a weighing detection module are respectively directly connected to the MCU module; and the cloud server comprises a data storage module and a message transfer module. The filling production process is comprehensively monitored in real time by acquiring data of each working link of the filling production line, and on-line SPC analysis and fault diagnosis are performed, so that the system is beneficial to improving the qualification rate and quality of products and reducing the maintenance cost.