The invention discloses a drooping characteristic-based mode adaptive voltage source control method applied to a microgrid. The method is composed of improved drooping control under an islanding condition, micro-grid double-mode smooth switching control and improved drooping control under a networked state; an amplitude limiting link and a virtual inertia link are added to P-f type drooping control, so that parallel stable operation of a plurality of dropping control type micro-sources of the microgrid which operate under an islanding condition can be realized; PI adjustment is performed on the phase angle deviation and voltage amplitude deviation of an external grid and the microgrid, so that pre-synchronization frequency deviation control signal and voltage deviation control signals can be obtained; after receiving the frequency deviation control signal and voltage deviation control signals which are issued by a microgrid pre-synchronization control system, micro-source inverters perform control according to a signal translation active power droop curve and reactive power droop curve; and connection line power control is increased, adjustment is performed according to an active power reference deviation value and a reactive power reference deviation value, and reference active power reference signals and reference reactive power reference signals are obtained, and control is performed according to the signal translation active power droop curve and reactive power droop curve.