The invention provides a hybrid power gearbox of a large-power vehicle and belongs to the technical field of power transmission. The hybrid power gearbox comprises an engine, two motors, two groups of planetary rows, two clutches, a brake and a hydraulic control system. The motor M2 works, and low-speed climbing, high-speed cruising and reverse gear are realized; the engine works, and the motor M1 participates in speed governing, thus hybrid power or electric transmission is realized; the clutch C1 is closed, and the engine and the motors M1 and M2 simultaneously drive the vehicle, thus the need of the vehicle on large transient torque is met; if the motor M1 is in failure, the clutch C1 is closed, the engine is used for direct drive instead, and vehicle limp home is realized; the motor M2 reversely rotates, and the vehicle astern function is realized; and when the vehicle needs brake, the motor M2 or the motors M2 and M1 generate power, and energy can be recovered. According to the hybrid power gearbox, power shifting can be realized; and the whole form is simple, and the double motors are arranged on the same side, thus the structure is compact, the bearing capability is large, the transmission efficiency is high, the vehicle power performance can be improved to a great extent, and the fuel economy is improved.