An oil sand washing water treatment method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing wastewater separated after washing of oil sand with acid or alkali through a first-stage venturi mixer, and adjusting the pH value of the wastewater to be between 7.6-8.6; (2) mixing the treated wastewater with a demulsifier through a second-stage venturi mixer again; (3) draining the wastewater treated in the step (2) into an oil separating settling basin, and removing suspension oil and sand; (4) carrying out hydrocyclone separation on the wastewater after oil separating settling and removing particulate matters with grain sizes above 50 mum in water; (5) feeding the waste water into a coagulation air floatation device after hydrocyclone separation, and further removing suspended matters in the wastewater and petroleum substances in a suspended and dissolved state; and (6) filtering the wastewater treated in the step (5) to obtain the oil sand washing water.The technical method is short in flow path, energy consumption is low in a treatment process, and sand, clay and oil sand asphalt in the oil sand washing wastewater are removed thoroughly.