The invention discloses an adjustable tripod supporting system and method of a fabricated concrete shear wall structure. Pre-embedded holes are preset in the two sides or the inner sides of the wall bodies; the pre-embedded holes are connected with tripods through opposite pulling or bolting of bolts; the tripods are mounted by utilizing the self stable structures of the wall bodies on the two sides; a row of independent supporting rods are erected in the middle of the wall bodies on the two sides for auxiliary supporting to form the complete and stable supporting system, so that the stable supporting on laminated slabs can be realized, and the supporting system can be widely applied to the engineering of the fabricated concrete shear wall structure. According to the supporting system, the structure is simple, the assembly and disassembly are simple and convenient, and the labor cost can be reduced; the manufacture cost is low, repetitive use can be realized, scaffold supporting is completely replaced, and the use cost is reduced; by utilization of the movable connection of brackets and sleeve, the adjustment is relatively precise; the occupied space of the lower part supporting is reduced, and the follow-up operation is facilitated; the used materials and tools are few, so that the assembly and the disassembly as well as the material and tool turnover by a tower crane are time-saving, and the construction period is shortened.