The invention discloses an acquisition terminal communication parameter setting method and an acquisition terminal communication parameter setting system according to regions. According to the method, real-time communication between an acquisition terminal and a public front communication unit is carried out, archive information of the acquisition terminal is analyzed by the public front communication unit, and the result is registered in a main acquisition station server; after communication parameters are modified by the acquisition terminal according to commands, operation information is corrected according to the communication parameters, communication and online operation of the corresponding front communication unit of a corresponding certain region, the information is further registered to the main acquisition station server, the whole communication parameter setting process is accomplished. Through the method, automatic internal parameter setting for the acquisition terminal is realized by employing the public front communication unit and the main acquisition station server according to the regions, rapid and timely terminal switching can be guaranteed, extreme low time consumption is realized, a data acquisition success rate and a data acquisition available rate are guaranteed, and thereby concentrated storage, verification and distribution efficiency of the acquisition terminal are greatly improved.