The invention discloses a longitudinal and transverse composite type vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber contact structure, comprising an anode contact system and a cathode contact system which are identical in structure and are both arranged inside an arc-extinguishing chamber. The tail end of each main conducting rod is provided with a cup base. Each cup base is provided with a transverse magnetic conducting system of a circular cylinder-shaped structure and a longitudinal magnetic conducting system of a circular ring-shaped structure. Each transverse magnetic conducting system is sleeved in the circular ring of the corresponding longitudinal magnetic conducting system. The circuit of each transverse magnetic conducting system and the corresponding longitudinal magnetic conducting system is characterized by parallel structure. When a contact is in a closed state, circuit current mainly flows through the transverse magnetic conducting systems; and when the contact is in an opened state for arc extinguishing, the circuit current mainly flows through the longitudinal magnetic conducting systems. Therefore, the rated current conduction capability of the longitudinal and transverse composite type vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber contact structure is similar to that of a transverse magnetic contact system; and the short circuit current breaking capability of the longitudinal and transverse composite type vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber contact structure is similar to that of a longitudinal magnetic contact system. Thus, the longitudinal and transverse composite type vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber contact structure has a capability of conducting large rated current as well as a capability of breaking large short circuit current.