The invention belongs to the technical field of space radiation effect and strengthening, and particularly relates to an on-track monitoring method for space single event latchup effect. The method is based on a precision resistor, an over-current detection circuit, a counting latch, a latchup protection switching circuit, a power system and a watch dog counting circuit, wherein the watch dog counting circuit comprises two stages; the precision resistor is connected with the over-current detection circuit; the over-current detection circuit is also connected with the counting latch and the latchup protection switching circuit; the latchup protection switching circuit is also connected with the watch dog counting circuit and the power system. The monitoring method can realize space single event latchup effect monitoring of different track environment, and simultaneously provides a quick and accurate universality method for monitoring and evaluating deep space detection single event latchup effect.