The invention provides a bearing simulation test bed for a vertical shaft type pumping and storing hydropower unit. The bearing simulation test bed for the vertical shaft type pumping and storing hydropower unit is characterized by comprising a rotary shafting (104), an upper test bed rack (101), a lower test bed rack (103), a test bed water guiding rack (105), a test bed stabilizing box body (106) and a test bed loading device (102), wherein the upper test bed rack (101), the lower test bed rack (103), the test bed water guiding rack (105) and the test bed stabilizing box body (106) are connected together in sequence from top to bottom in a spaced mode through 12 long bolts; an upward guiding thrust bearing (1) of the rotary shafting is connected with the upper test bed rack, a downward guiding and loading bearing is connected with the lower test bed rack, a water guiding bearing (7) is connected with the test bed water guiding rack, and a turning wheel (9) is connected with a variable-frequency motor which is fixed to the test bed stabilizing box body. By means of the bearing simulation test bed for the vertical shaft type pumping and storing hydropower unit, a simple simulation object convenient to use is provided for the study of the bearing bush operational mechanism and the abrasion prediction of the pumping and storing unit under a deep pitch peak working condition.