The invention relates to a sky-screen target light curtain parameter calibrating device and method, belongs to the technical field of target field testing and aims to solve the defects in the prior art that a sky-screen target needs to be dismantled and the implementation is difficult, so that the possibility that the sky-screen target is damaged can exist, and the like. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the sky-screen target light curtain parameter calibrating device comprises a one-dimensional precise translation table, a translation table control device, light sources, a light source bracket, a light source control device and a computer, wherein the first light source and the second light source are horizontally arranged at two ends of a horizontal section (above the one-dimensional precise translation table) of the light source bracket; the third light source and the fourth light source are respectively arranged at two ends of a vertical section of the light source bracket; the one-dimensional precise translation table is connected with the translation table control device; and the light source control device and the translation table control device are both connected with the computer. By utilizing the sky-screen target light curtain parameter calibrating device and method, the step of dismantling a sky-screen target is saved, and the working efficiency for calibrating the sky-screen target is improved.