The invention relates to the field of new materials, in particular to an in-situ integration preparation titanium boride whisker and particle collaboration toughened carbon titanium nitride-based ceramic tool material and a preparation method thereof. Precursor powder of the material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 75.37-79.50 percent of Ti, 18.50-20.58 percent of BN, 0.00-5.00 percent of Ni. Te preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the precursor powder prepared by the proportion in alcohol for 15-20 minutes; wet-ball milling with an alumina ball for 48 hours in a polyurethane ball mill barrel; drying at a temperature of 110-130 DEG C and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve; filling in a graphite mould and putting into a vacuum sintering furnace; and raising the temperature to 700 DEG C within 8 minutes, carrying out heat preservation for 2 minutes, raising the temperature to 1000 DEG C within 5 minutes, carrying out heat preservation for 10 minutes, raising the temperature to 1200 DEG C within 4 minutes, pressurizing to 16 NPa, carrying out heat preservation for 15 minutes, raising the temperature to 1700-1750 DEG C at a temperature rise speed of 35-70 DEG C/minute, pressurizing to 32 MPa, carrying out heat preservation for 25-60 minutes, hot-pressing, sintering and forming. The ceramic tool material has the advantages of uniform whisker dispersion, excellent comprehensive performance, simple process and easiness for industrialization and can also be used for the development and the preparation of metal ceramic tools, sealing rings and jet propellers.