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1. 发明授权

US4815046A Ultrasonic sensor system 失效
标题翻译：超声波传感器系统
公开(公告)号：US4815046A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-21
申请号：US727987
申请日：1985-04-29
申请人： John A. Dorr
发明人： John A. Dorr
IPC分类号： E05F15/20 , G01S15/04 , G01S15/87 , G01S9/66
CPC分类号： G01S15/04 , E05F15/73 , G01S15/87 , E05F15/43 , E05F2015/433 , E05F2015/483 , E05Y2900/132
摘要： An ultrasonic sensor system particularly for automatic door openers of a swinging door type, in addition to sensors (14) for people approaching a door for controlling opening and closing purposes, has at least one microprocessor controlled ultrasonic beam transducer (40, 41) for projecting an expanded unidirectional ultrasonic beam in a selected detection zone in the path of the swinging door and an ultrasonic detector for converting reflected ultrasonic beam energy into an analog electrical signal which constitute an acoustical image of objects in and bounding the selected detection zone. This acoustical image is stored or, a number characterized thereof is stored and this acoustic image is then compared with a later acoustical image of an object in the selected detection zone and then the comparison is used to signal a lack of correlation between the first and second acoustical images to produce a signal preventing operation of the door opening. In a preferred embodiment, aspect ambiguities and problems of acoustic "transparency" are avoided by using a pair of ultrasonic beam transducers projecting crossing beams and a pair of detectors which have their signals multiplexed and processed by a single computer microprocessor chip.
摘要翻译：一种特别用于摆门式自动门开启器的超声波传感器系统除了用于接近门以控制打开和关闭目的的人的传感器（14）之外，还具有至少一个微处理器控制的超声波束传感器（40,41），用于突出在摆动门的路径中的选定的检测区域中的扩展的单向超声波束和用于将反射的超声波束能量转换成模拟电信号的超声波检测器，该模拟电信号构成在所选择的检测区域中并包围其中的物体的声像。存储该声音图像，或者存储其特征的数字，然后将该声像与与所选择的检测区域中的对象的稍后声学图像进行比较，然后使用该比较来表示第一和第二信号之间的相关性不足声音图像以产生防止门开启的操作的信号。在优选实施例中，通过使用投射交叉光束的一对超声波束换能器和一对检测器来避免方面的不确定性和声学“透明度”的问题，这些检测器的信号被单个计算机微处理器芯片复用和处理。

2. 发明授权

US4809241A Method and apparatus for echo transit time determination 失效
标题翻译：用于回波通过时间确定的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4809241A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-28
申请号：US58932
申请日：1987-06-05
申请人： Peter Block
发明人： Peter Block
IPC分类号： G01S7/526 , G01S15/18 , G01S15/89 , G01S9/66
CPC分类号： G01S15/18 , G01S15/8902 , G01S7/526
摘要： A method and an apparatus for determining the transit time of echoes triggered by exposure of the bottom of a body of water to sonic pulses, in order to improve the echo detection in a received signal intercepted via at least one receiving lobe, particularly for mapping the surface profile of a sea bed. A temporal echo expectation window is opened up on either side of an echo expectation time, the temporal length of the window being dimensioned greater than a maximum echo length to be expected on the basis of an assumed maximum slope of the sea bed and/or a reception angle of the receiving lobe deviating from the vertical. The center of gravity integral is formed from the received signal defined by the echo expectation window, and the time component of the center of gravity is defined as the echo transit time. The echo expectation time is derived from the echo propagation at a known sounding depth. To this end, an edge descriminator is provided, and the echo transit time ascertained by edge discrimination is used as the echo expectation time.
摘要翻译：一种用于确定通过将水体底部暴露于声波脉冲而触发的回波的传播时间的方法和装置，以便改善通过至少一个接收波瓣截取的接收信号中的回波检测，特别是用于映射海床的表面轮廓。在回波预期时间的任一侧上开放时间回波预期窗口，窗口的时间长度的尺寸大于基于假定的海床的最大斜率和/或一个或多个的预期的最大回波长度接收波瓣的接收角度偏离垂直方向。重心积分由回波预期窗口定义的接收信号形成，重心的时间分量定义为回波通过时间。回波预期时间来自已知探测深度的回波传播。为此，提供了一个边缘描述符，并且通过边缘鉴别确定的回波传播时间被用作回波预期时间。

3. 发明授权

US4330875A Focusing circuit for ultrasound imaging system 失效
标题翻译：超声成像系统聚焦电路
公开(公告)号：US4330875A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-18
申请号：US103478
申请日：1979-12-14
申请人： Ryobun Tachita , Hiroshi Fukukita
发明人： Ryobun Tachita , Hiroshi Fukukita
IPC分类号： A61B8/00 , A61B8/14 , G01S7/52 , G10K11/34 , G01S9/66
CPC分类号： G01S7/52046 , G10K11/345 , G10K11/346
摘要： A focusing circuit for focusing an array of transducers of an ultrasound imaging system includes a variable delay line comprising a plurality of summing amplifiers and a plurality of variable delay elements provided between successive summing amplifiers. A plurality of switches is provided for respectively connecting the transducers to selected summing amplifiers. The amount of delay of each variable delay element is individually controlled so that the corresponding electrical signals derived from the transducers arrive in phase at the output end of the variable delay line.
摘要翻译：用于聚焦超声成像系统的换能器阵列的聚焦电路包括可变延迟线，其包括多个求和放大器和设置在连续求和放大器之间的多个可变延迟元件。提供多个开关用于将换能器分别连接到所选择的求和放大器。每个可变延迟元件的延迟量被单独地控制，使得从换能器导出的对应电信号在可变延迟线的输出端同相到达。

4. 发明授权

US4219886A Multi-point reflective target system 失效
标题翻译：多点反射目标系统
公开(公告)号：US4219886A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-26
申请号：US951698
申请日：1978-10-16
申请人： William B. Anderson
发明人： William B. Anderson
IPC分类号： G01S7/52 , G01S15/02 , G10K11/20 , B06B3/04 , G01S9/66
CPC分类号： G10K11/205 , G01S15/02 , G01S7/52004
摘要： A multipoint reflective target system for use as sonar targets. The systemncludes a plurality of small spaced apart reflectors that are interconnected by an elongated flexible tether. The tethered reflectors are then towed in the ocean and form an elongated multipoint reflective target comprising a string of spaced apart reflectors moving under and about parallel to the ocean surface. This target is sonified by a sonar pulse and generates a reflected signal having a predetermined shape. The shape of the reflected signal is determined by a selection of parameters such as the length of sonar pulse, the spacing of the reflectors and the size and material of the reflectors. By properly selecting these parameters it is possible for the multipoint reflective target system to resemble much larger actual or similated targets.
摘要翻译：用作声纳目标的多点反射目标系统。该系统包括通过细长的柔性系链互连的多个小间隔开的反射器。然后将系留的反射器在海洋中拖曳并形成细长的多点反射目标，其包括在平行于海洋表面并在其周围平行移动的间隔开的反射体的串。通过声纳脉冲对该目标进行超声处理，并产生具有预定形状的反射信号。反射信号的形状通过诸如声纳脉冲的长度，反射器的间距以及反射器的尺寸和材料等参数的选择来确定。通过适当选择这些参数，多点反射目标系统可能类似于更大的实际或模拟目标。

5. 发明授权

US4218768A Apparatus for ultrasonic scanning 失效
标题翻译：超声波扫描仪
公开(公告)号：US4218768A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-19
申请号：US850600
申请日：1977-11-11
申请人： Dieter Hassler
发明人： Dieter Hassler
IPC分类号： G01N29/26 , G01S7/52 , G01S15/89 , G10K11/34 , G01S9/66
CPC分类号： G10K11/345 , G01N29/262 , G01S15/8918 , G01S7/52046 , Y10S367/901 , Y10S367/903
摘要： Each receiving or transmitting circuit for a respective transducer element includes an individually controllable buffer amplifier which is so operated as to avoid detrimental switching transients. For example, the buffer amplifiers in the receiving circuit may have input switches closed immediately after a transmit pulse and prior to the actual receiving phase. Then output switches of the buffer amplifiers to be activated are closed in the receiving phase, but transients so produced are blocked by the high reverse attenuation of the buffer amplifiers. The input switches may be actuated prior to activation of the transducer elements in receive mode and may serve to simultaneously supply operating voltage to the respective associated buffer amplifiers, the buffer amplifiers all being switched off during transmit mode to block transmit energy from non-active transducers. The transducers of a column of a transducer array may have their outputs summed by means of the buffer amplifiers acting as a voltage controlled current sources.
摘要翻译：用于相应换能器元件的每个接收或发射电路包括独立可控的缓冲放大器，其被操作以避免有害的开关瞬变。例如，接收电路中的缓冲放大器可以具有在发送脉冲之后且在实际接收阶段之前立即闭合的输入开关。然后在接收阶段，待激活的缓冲放大器的输出开关闭合，但如此产生的瞬变被缓冲放大器的高反向衰减所阻挡。输入开关可以在接收模式下激活换能器元件之前被致动，并且可以用于同时向相应的相关联的缓冲放大器提供工作电压，所述缓冲放大器在发射模式期间全部被切断以阻止来自非有源换能器的发射能量。换能器阵列的换能器可以通过用作电压控制电流源的缓冲放大器来使其输出相加。

6. 发明授权

US4213197A Circuit arrangement of an ultrasonic-presence motion detector, particularly for a non-contact control of a water faucet 失效
标题翻译：超声波存在运动检测器的电路布置，特别是用于水龙头的非接触式控制
公开(公告)号：US4213197A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-15
申请号：US895950
申请日：1978-04-13
申请人： Valentin Magori
发明人： Valentin Magori
IPC分类号： G01S15/52 , G01S9/66
CPC分类号： G01S15/523
摘要： A circuit arrangement is disclosed which is suitable for ultrasonic-presence motion detection in which an ultrasonic transducer is provided as a transmitter and an ultrasonic transducer is provided as a receiver. An oscillator produces an ac voltage for the transmitting transducer, a gate circuit is provided in order to chronologically control the feeding of wave forms of the oscillator to the transmitting transducer, and a receiver circuit is provided which is connected to a receiving transducer and which obtains a received signal from the receiving transducer. An evaluation circuit is also provided. The receiver circuit has a phase discriminator in order to recognize the value of a phase displacement between the ac voltage of the oscillator and the respective received signal. An electronic storage circuit is connected to the output side of the phase discriminator and stores the output signal of the phase discriminator at predetermined periodically recurring time points which are determined by read-out pulse signals at the respective time points. The evaluation circuit comprises a comparator circuit in order to compare the individual or several consecutive stored values of the electronic storage circuit. The comparator circuit comprises a threshold function so that an output signal of the circuit arrangement is produced when the individual stored values or the mean values of a number of consecutive stored values differ from one another by more than a prescribed value. The output signal indicates the motion-presence phenomenon.
摘要翻译：公开了适用于超声波存在运动检测的电路装置，其中提供超声波换能器作为发射器，并且提供超声换能器作为接收器。振荡器产生用于发射换能器的交流电压，提供了一个门电路，以便按时间顺序地控制振荡器波形馈送到发射换能器，并且提供一个接收器电路，其连接到接收换能器并获得来自接收换能器的接收信号。还提供评估电路。接收器电路具有鉴相器，以便识别振荡器的交流电压与各个接收信号之间的相位偏移值。电子存储电路连接到相位鉴别器的输出侧，并将相位鉴别器的输出信号存储在各个时间点由读出脉冲信号确定的周期性循环时间点。评估电路包括比较器电路，以便比较电子存储电路的个别或几个连续存储的值。比较器电路包括阈值函数，使得当各个存储值或多个连续存储值的平均值彼此相差大于规定值时，产生电路装置的输出信号。输出信号表示运动存在现象。

7. 发明授权

US4207625A Doppler compensator for heterodyne correlation devices 失效
标题翻译：用于外差相关器件的多普勒补偿器
公开(公告)号：US4207625A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-10
申请号：US93814
申请日：1961-03-06
申请人： William E. Klund , Woodrow H. Littrell , Robert D. Isaak
发明人： William E. Klund , Woodrow H. Littrell , Robert D. Isaak
IPC分类号： G01S7/527 , H04B11/00 , G01S9/66
CPC分类号： G01S7/527 , H04B11/00 , Y10S367/904
摘要： 2. In a sonar communication system, a transceiver for receiving doppler sals, a local oscillator for producing a first output signal of given frequency, a translation resolver connected to said local oscillator for regulating said first output signal, a modulator connected to said transceiver and said translation resolver for mixing said received doppler signals and said regulated first output signal, a filter coupled to said modulator for filtering said mixed signals, a precision clock oscillator adapted for producing a second output signal, a proportional resolver electrically coupled to said precision clock oscillator for regulating the frequency of said second output signal, a signal generator connected to said proportional resolver and driven by said regulated second output signal for generating a third output signal, a filter coupled to said signal generator for filtering said third output signal, a correlator electrically coupled to the outputs of said mixed signal filter and said third output signal filter for correlation thereof, a drive motor, means connected to said drive motor for regulating the speed and rotation thereof, and gear means interconnecting said drive motor and said translation and proportional resolvers for driving same at a predetermined speed ratio.
摘要翻译： 2.一种在声纳通信系统中，用于接收多普勒信号的收发器，用于产生给定频率的第一输出信号的本地振荡器，连接到所述本地振荡器用于调节所述第一输出信号的平移解调器，连接到所述收发器的调制器，所述翻译解析器用于混合所述接收的多普勒信号和所述调节的第一输出信号;耦合到所述调制器的滤波器，用于滤波所述混合信号;适用于产生第二输出信号的精密时钟振荡器;电耦合到所述精密时钟振荡器用于调节所述第二输出信号的频率的信号发生器，连接到所述比例解算器并由所述调节的第二输出信号驱动以产生第三输出信号的信号发生器，耦合到所述信号发生器的用于滤波所述第三输出信号的滤波器，耦合到所述混合信号滤波器的输出端所述第三输出信号滤波器用于相关，驱动电机，连接到所述驱动电机的用于调节其速度和旋转的装置，以及将所述驱动电机和所述平移和比例旋转变压器互相连接的齿轮装置，用于以预定速度比驱动所述驱动马达。

8. 发明授权

US4200921A Apparatus and method whereby wave energy is correlated with positional relationships in a system 失效
标题翻译：波能与系统中位置关系相关的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4200921A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-29
申请号：US911622
申请日：1978-06-01
申请人： Bruce S. Buckley
发明人： Bruce S. Buckley
IPC分类号： G01B15/00 , G01B17/00 , G01N22/00 , G01N29/07 , G01S9/66
CPC分类号： G01N29/075 , G01B15/00 , G01B17/00 , G01N22/00
摘要： A way of automatically inspecting a machined part, for example, to a tolerance of 0.001 inches. A minicomputer monitors a change in phase, for example, of wave energy impinging upon a sample part and compares it with a change in phase of such energy for a standard or master part, any difference between the monitored changes being interpreted to determine if the sample is within acceptable tolerance limits. The inspection approach described uses no moving parts and can be used to inspect many dimensions of a part simultaneously in less than a second. Acoustic waves or microwave electromagnetic wave energy can be used to inspect parts of any shape. The inspection system disclosed can be used, as well, to monitor the geometry of an object over time to note any changes in said geometry. And the concepts of the inspection system can be employed in conjunction with robot-controlled devices to provide close-positioning data for such devices.
摘要翻译：自动检查加工零件的方法，例如，公差为0.001英寸。小型计算机监测相位的变化，例如，冲击样本部分的波能量，并将其与标准或主部件的能量的相位变化进行比较，将所监视的变化之间的任何差异解释为确定样本在可接受的公差范围内。所述的检查方法不使用移动部件，并且可以在不到一秒的时间内同时检查部件的许多尺寸。声波或微波电磁波能量可用于检查任何形状的部件。所公开的检查系统也可以用于随时间地监视物体的几何形状以注意所述几何形状的任何变化。并且检查系统的概念可以与机器人控制的装置一起使用以提供这种装置的紧密定位数据。

9. 发明授权

US4200858A Acoustic wave scanning apparatus 失效
标题翻译：声波扫描仪
公开(公告)号：US4200858A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-29
申请号：US913039
申请日：1978-06-07
申请人： Matsuo Takashima
发明人： Matsuo Takashima
IPC分类号： G01N29/26 , G01S15/89 , G10K11/34 , G01S9/66 , G01N29/00
CPC分类号： G01N29/262 , G01S15/8915 , G10K11/345
摘要： This specification discloses an apparatus for scanning acoustic waves in accordance with the movement of a presumed axis moving on a certain surface (plane or curved). This apparatus has a multiplicity of acoustic transducer elements arrayed in the direction of movement of the presumed axis (scanning direction). The multiple acoustic transducer elements are grouped into a plurality of sets. At least two of the plurality of sets are associated with, namely, transmit or receive, a predetermined number of wave fronts overlapping one another within a predetermined region of the presumed axis and having their centers of curvature outside the axis as it moves. Thus, there is obtained an effect equivalent to that achieved by throwing thin acoustic beam along the presumed axis or by detecting the acoustic wave at each point on the axis preferentially from the other portions outside of such axis.
摘要翻译：本说明书公开了一种根据在特定表面（平面或弯曲）上移动的推测轴的移动来扫描声波的装置。该装置具有沿推测轴（扫描方向）的运动方向排列的多个声换能元件。多个声换能器元件被分组成多组。多个组中的至少两个与预测轴的预定区域内相互重叠的预定数量的波前相关联，即发射或接收，并且当其移动时，其曲率中心在轴外。因此，获得的效果与通过沿着假想轴投射薄声束而获得的效果相当，或通过在该轴的外侧的其它部分优先检测轴上各点处的声波。

10. 发明授权

US4193129A Charging circuit for sonar systems 失效
标题翻译：声纳系统充电电路
公开(公告)号：US4193129A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-11
申请号：US645868
申请日：1976-01-05
申请人： Robert W. Wiggins , Kurt L. Ettenhofer , Jack Bess
发明人： Robert W. Wiggins , Kurt L. Ettenhofer , Jack Bess
IPC分类号： G01S7/521 , H02J7/00 , H02J13/00 , H04B3/54 , G01S9/66
CPC分类号： H02J13/0003 , G01S7/521 , H02J7/0042 , H04B3/548 , H04B2203/5408 , H04B2203/545 , H04B2203/5458 , H04B2203/547 , H04B2203/5487 , H04B2203/5491 , Y10S367/903
摘要： A charging circuit for a helicopter dipped sonar system in which a single ble conducts sonar and command signals in either direction along with a DC charging current from the helicopter to a storage battery in a submersible sensor unit. A multiplexer and power supply in the helicopter respectively provide simultaneous transmission of command data and charging current over a common conductor to the sensor unit. A filter and demultiplexer positioned in the sensor unit passes only the data for control of a sonar transmitter. The storage battery is charged directly from the conductor and a battery charge indication as well as hydrophone information is combined by a multiplexer at the sensor and returned to the helicopter by the common conductor for data display and power supply control.
摘要翻译：用于直升机浸没声纳系统的充电电路，其中单个电缆将直升机的直流充电电流与潜水传感器单元中的蓄电池一起在任一方向上传导声纳和指令信号。直升机中的多路复用器和电源分别提供命令数据和通过公共导体的充电电流同时传输到传感器单元。定位在传感器单元中的滤波器和解复用器仅通过用于控制声纳发射器的数据。蓄电池直接从导体充电，电池充电指示以及水听器信息由传感器上的多路复用器组合，并通过公共导线返回直升机进行数据显示和电源控制。

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