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1. 发明授权

US4088996A Radar signal processor 失效
标题翻译：雷达信号处理器
公开(公告)号：US4088996A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-09
申请号：US720165
申请日：1976-09-02
申请人： Marvin L. Hooker, Jr.
发明人： Marvin L. Hooker, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01S7/12 , G01S7/292 , G01S9/02 , G01S9/06
CPC分类号： G01S7/12 , G01S7/2926
摘要： A postdetection, digital radar signal processor for producing information for a PPI type display on a conventional CRT. Each line of the polar or PPI type display represents a summing of past and present returns received at substantially the same antenna position during past and present antenna scans. SUThis invention relates to electronics and more particularly to digital processors for use with radar systems.Storage tubes, or electrostatic memory tubes, are widely used for radar indicators. The information painted thereon is retained by electric charges and thus such tubes can provide to the operator a continuous map of the system observed space. However, storage tubes are expensive, unstable, and have limited dynamic range. They also require critical adjustments.Previous attempts to replace the storage tube in airborne weather radar applications with a conventional CRT (cathode ray tube) and digital memory have had some success and also some shortcomings. For instance, some prior art systems employ a running-average type of processing which results in 3.degree. to 4.degree. of target smearing and target shifting from scan to scan. This running-average type of processing also masks and distorts true storm gradients. Furthermore, point targets and long range targets are not always detected by such systems.
摘要翻译：一种用于在常规CRT上产生PPI型显示器的信息的后检测数字雷达信号处理器。极地或PPI型显示器的每一行表示在过去和现在的天线扫描期间在基本相同的天线位置处接收的过去和现在返回的加法。

2. 发明授权

US4054878A Ranging system including apparatus for forming directional characteristics at the receiving end and for correlating 失效
标题翻译：测距系统包括用于在接收端形成方向特性并进行相关的装置
公开(公告)号：US4054878A
公开(公告)日：1977-10-18
申请号：US563118
申请日：1975-03-27
申请人： Reiner Diehl
发明人： Reiner Diehl
IPC分类号： G01S7/04 , G01S15/42 , G01S9/06 , G01S9/68 , G02B5/22
CPC分类号： G01S15/42 , G01S7/04
摘要： An improved apparatus for the formation of directional characteristics at the receiving end of a ranging system operating according to the reflected-beam ranging technique with acoustical or electromagnetic waves and for correlating the received signals, which apparatus is of the type employing a number of transducers arranged in rotational symmetry in a transmitting-receiving plane, with the transducers emitting pulse-shaped wave energy as their transmitted signals and being connected for reception via a transmitting-receiving switch, and if required via amplifiers, with a scanner which repeatedly interrogates the received signals in succession during one reflected-beam ranging period so that each switch position of the scanner is associated with one directional angle and each interrogation cycle covering all transducers is associated with one directional angle revolution. According to the invention, connected to the output of the scanner is a two-dimensional device for producing a lightwave with an intensity or phase distribution dependent on the directional angle in the one dimension and dependent on the time of reception of the received signals within each ranging period in the other dimension, whereby the wavefront of the produced lightwave is modulated by the successively scanned received signals. This modulated lightwave is fed to the input of a two-dimensional optical correlator, which contains, as the reference function of the correlator, a reference disc with a transmission function which is a measure for the directional characteristic for a transmitted signal received without interference from a reference direction, and the output of the optical correlator is fed to a two-dimensional display device.
摘要翻译：一种改进的装置，用于在根据具有声或电波的反射光束测距技术操作的测距系统的接收端处形成方向特性，并且用于使接收信号相关联，该装置是使用多个换能器布置的类型在发射接收平面中具有旋转对称性，其中换能器发射脉冲波能作为其发射信号，并且经由发射接收开关连接用于接收，并且如果需要，通过放大器与扫描器反复询问接收信号在一个反射光束测距周期期间连续地使扫描器的每个开关位置与一个方向角相关联，并且覆盖所有换能器的每个询问周期与一个方向角旋转相关联。根据本发明，连接到扫描仪的输出端的是用于产生具有强度或相位分布的光波的二维装置，该强度或相位分布取决于一维中的方向角度，并且取决于每一个内部接收的信号的接收时间测量周期在其他维度上，由此产生的光波的波前被连续扫描的接收信号调制。该调制光波被馈送到二维光相关器的输入端，该二维光相关器包含作为相关器的参考功能的具有发射功能的参考盘，该发射功能是接收到的无干扰的发送信号的方向特性的量度参考方向，光学相关器的输出被馈送到二维显示装置。

3. 发明授权

US3979749A Range readout apparatus 失效
标题翻译：范围读出装置
公开(公告)号：US3979749A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-07
申请号：US535317
申请日：1974-12-23
申请人： Gerald F. Ross , Kenneth W. Robbins
发明人： Gerald F. Ross , Kenneth W. Robbins
IPC分类号： G01D5/245 , B29C47/00 , B29D1/00 , G01D5/244 , G01S13/08 , G01S13/10 , G01S9/06
CPC分类号： G01S13/103 , G01S13/08
摘要： A range measurement system wherein range accuracies of fractions of a meter may be obtained. Nanosecond pulses, one triggered by the transmitter trigger with an appropriate delay and the other triggered by a received echo pulse, are launched from opposite ends of a transmission line. The location on the transmission line at which the two short pulses coalesce and the delay time of the transmitter triggered short pulse establish the range to the echoing object to an accuracy determined by the short pulse, pulse width.
摘要翻译：范围测量系统，其中可以获得仪表的分数的范围精度。由发射机触发的适当延迟触发的纳秒脉冲和由接收的回波脉冲触发的另一脉冲从传输线的相对端发射。两个短脉冲聚集在传输线上的位置和发射机触发的短脉冲的延迟时间建立到回波对象的范围，以达到由短脉冲，脉冲宽度确定的精度。

4. 发明授权

US3952305A Marine radar transmission and reception system 失效
标题翻译：海事雷达传输和接收系统
公开(公告)号：US3952305A
公开(公告)日：1976-04-20
申请号：US551759
申请日：1975-02-21
申请人： Tomiji Nirasawa , Hiroshi Ota
发明人： Tomiji Nirasawa , Hiroshi Ota
IPC分类号： G01S7/02 , G01S7/292 , G01S13/10 , G01S9/06
CPC分类号： G01S13/106 , G01S7/025 , G01S7/2921
摘要： A marine radar transmission and reception system in which first and second transmission pulse radar waves are emitted as first and second pulse radar waves from first and second radar antennae or a common radar antenna; reflected waves of the first and second emitted pulse radar waves are received as first and second received pulse radar waves by the first and second radar antennae or the common radar antenna; the modes of the first and second transmission pulse radar waves are selected in cooperation with those of the first and second radar antennae or that of the common radar antenna so that the first and second received pulse radar waves may be received by the first and second radar antennae or the common radar antenna independently of each other; a quotient or difference output corresponding to the quotient or difference of the first and second received pulse radar waves or the first and second received outputs based thereon is obtained; and sea clutter eliminated received pulse radar waves or outputs based thereon that signal components of the period--in which the quotient or difference output exceeds one predetermined threshold value or lies between two threshold values--are eliminated or suppressed, are obtained.
摘要翻译：一种船用雷达发射和接收系统，其中发射第一和第二传输脉冲雷达波作为来自第一和第二雷达天线或公共雷达天线的第一和第二脉冲雷达波; 第一和第二发射脉冲雷达波的反射波由第一和第二雷达天线或公共雷达天线作为第一和第二接收脉冲雷达波被接收; 与第一和第二雷达天线或公共雷达天线的模式一起选择第一和第二传输脉冲雷达波的模式，使得第一和第二接收脉冲雷达波可以被第一和第二雷达天线或公共雷达天线彼此独立; 获得对应于基于第一和第二接收脉冲雷达波或第一和第二接收输出的商或差的商或差输出; 并且海杂波消除接收到的脉冲雷达波或输出，消除或抑制商差或输出超过一个预定阈值或位于两个阈值之间的周期的信号分量。

5. 发明授权

US3868687A Time measuring system 失效
标题翻译：时间测量系统
公开(公告)号：US3868687A
公开(公告)日：1975-02-25
申请号：US54383655
申请日：1955-10-31
申请人： RCA CORP
发明人： GOLDMAN JR LEMAN , DUNN TED E
IPC分类号： G01S13/22 , G01S13/70 , G01S9/16 , G01S9/06
CPC分类号： G01S13/22 , G01S13/70
摘要： 14. In a radar ranging system, in combination, a stable source of sinusoidal oscillations; means for deriving from said source a series of first pulses spaced fixed intervals from one another; a source of randomly occurring pulses; selector means connected to receive said randomly recurring pulses and said first pulses for selecting certain ones of said first pulses at a randomly recurring rate; phase shifting means for shifting the phase of said sinusoidal oscillations; means for deriving from said phase shifted sinusoidal oscillations a series of second pulses; a step-down counter circuit; cyclic means operatively associated with said phase shifting means and receptive of said selected pulses for rendering said step-down counter operative beginning at a time in coincidence with a given one of said second pulses, the output of said step-down counter comprising a series of third pulses spaced a given plurality of times said fixed intervals from one another; selector means receptive of said third pulses for selecting a given one of said third pulses; and means including said cyclic gate means responsive to a shift in phase between said series of first pulses and said series of second pulses an amount approximately equal to one period of said series of third pulses for rendering said step-down counter responsive to the one of said second pulses spaced from said given second pulse an amount equal to one period of said series of third pulses in the direction opposite to that of said phase shift.
摘要翻译： 14.在雷达测距系统中，组合地形成稳定的正弦振荡源; 用于从所述源导出彼此间隔固定间隔的一系列第一脉冲的装置; 随机出现的脉冲源; 选择器装置被连接以接收所述随机循环脉冲和所述第一脉冲，用于以随机循环速率选择某些所述第一脉冲; 用于移动所述正弦振荡的相位的相移装置; 用于从所述相移正弦振荡中导出一系列第二脉冲的装置; 降压计数器电路; 与所述相移装置可操作地相关联的循环装置和接收所述选择的脉冲，用于在与给定的所述第二脉冲一致的时间开始使所述降压计数器起作用，所述降压计数器的输出包括一系列第三脉冲彼此间隔给定多次所述固定间隔; 选择器意味着接收所述第三脉冲用于选择给定的所述第三脉冲; 以及包括所述循环门装置的装置，其响应于所述一系列第一脉冲和所述一系列第二脉冲之间的相位偏移大约等于所述一系列第三脉冲的一个周期，用于使所述降压计数器响应于所述第二脉冲与所述给定的第二脉冲间隔开等于所述一系列第三脉冲在与所述相移方向相反的方向上的一个周期。

6. 发明授权

US3825929A Compatible split-band distance measuring method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：兼容分离带距离测量方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US3825929A
公开(公告)日：1974-07-23
申请号：US31823072
申请日：1972-12-26
申请人： TULL AVIATION CORP
发明人： TOMAN D
IPC分类号： G01S1/18 , G01S13/76 , G01S13/78 , G01S13/86 , G01S13/91 , G01S9/06 , G01S9/56
CPC分类号： G01S13/787 , G01S13/86 , G01S13/913
摘要： L-band signals transmitted from an airborne distance measuring equipment elecit a response from a ground station in C-band. The C-band response is converted in the airborne equipment to L-band to derive a distance measurement. The utilization of unwanted response signals received by direct radiation in L-band is prevented when C-band responses are expected.
摘要翻译：从空中距离测量设备发送的L波段信号来自C波段的地面站的响应。 C波段响应在机载设备中转换为L波段，以得出距离测量。当期待C波段响应时，可以防止在L波段中直接辐射接收的不需要的响应信号的利用。

7. 发明授权

US3794996A Stable base-band superregenerative selective receiver 失效
标题翻译：稳定的基带超级选择接收器
公开(公告)号：US3794996A
公开(公告)日：1974-02-26
申请号：US3794996D
申请日：1972-07-12
申请人： SPERRY RAND CORP
发明人： ROBBINS K , ROBBINS G
IPC分类号： G01S13/02 , G01S9/06
CPC分类号： G01S13/0209
摘要： An energy-amplifying signal-selecting circuit for sampling baseband signals, such as directionally transmitted subnanosecond signals reflected from objects, is arranged to provide a substantial output signal for the operation of apparatus, for example, such as passenger protective or restraining apparatus in the event of a vehicular collision. The system includes a broad band transmission line antenna cooperating with biased semiconductor first and second detector elements, the first detector being located within the transmission line for detecting substantially the total energy of a received base-band echo signal. The second detector provides time selected or gated outputs indicating the presence of the gated echo pulse.
摘要翻译：用于对从物体反射的定向发射的亚纳秒信号的基带信号进行采样的能量放大信号选择电路被布置为提供用于操作装置的实质输出信号，例如乘客保护或限制装置发生车辆碰撞的事件。该系统包括与偏置的半导体第一和第二检测器元件配合的宽带传输线天线，第一检测器位于传输线内，用于基本上检测接收的基带回波信号的总能量。第二个检测器提供指示门控回波脉冲的存在的时间选择或门控输出。

8. 发明授权

US3794994A Feedback integrator with pedestal elimination 失效
标题翻译：反馈整合器与消防措施
公开(公告)号：US3794994A
公开(公告)日：1974-02-26
申请号：US3794994D
申请日：1972-06-29
申请人： US NAVY
发明人： LEIBOWITZ L , BALDAUF R
IPC分类号： G01S7/292 , G06F17/10 , G06F17/18 , G01S9/06
CPC分类号： G06F17/18 , G01S7/2926 , G06F17/10
摘要： A digital feedback integrator, especially adapted to provide increased target detection ability in radar systems. The feedback integrator is employed in the signal processing circuitry and compensates for arithmetic truncation errors by advantageously avoiding a final truncation pedestal in the integrating output.
摘要翻译：数字反馈积分器，特别适用于在雷达系统中提供更高的目标检测能力。在信号处理电路中采用反馈积分器，并通过有利地避免积分输出中的最终截距基座来补偿算术截断误差。

9. 发明授权

US3745574A Radar telemetring system 失效
标题翻译：雷达电报系统
公开(公告)号：US3745574A
公开(公告)日：1973-07-10
申请号：US3745574D
申请日：1971-06-08
申请人： DASSAULT ELECTRONIQUE
发明人： DAUGNY B , SCHIFRINE J
IPC分类号： G01S13/44 , G01S13/66 , G01S13/70 , G01S9/06
CPC分类号： G01S13/44 , G01S13/66 , G01S13/70
摘要： A radar telemetering system for pinpointing targets employs means for defining, on the basis of incoming echo pulses, a line or plane of referance dividing the space into two off-boresight zones. The radar receiver supplies signal pulses to a range-gate selector in response to the arriving echoes, the selector controlling in turn an off-boresight-angle discriminator whose dc-output voltage readjusts the selector in a sense tending to reduce the discriminator output to zero. The present invention relates to radar systems for pinpointing a target in a telemetering radar, more particularly but not exclusively to airborne telemetering radar aystems for use in air to ground attack by aircraft. An object of the present invention is to improve such radar systems to make them as accurate as possible without greatly increasing their weight, size, complexity or production costs. The radar receiver described herein is capable of defining a line or at least a plane in space with the aid of a conventional device called an ''''angle discriminator''''. The radar receiver further includes a conventional range-gate selector. According to the invention the radar receiver comprises a servocontrol loop so designed that, on the one hand, the reflected wave energy arriving at this receiver gives rise to echo pulses supplied to a range-gate selector which in turn controls an angle discriminator and that, on the other hand, the range gate or telemetering window of this selector is shifted by a d-c voltage obtained from the output of the discriminator, preferably through the intermediary of an amplifier, in a direction which tends to nullify this output voltage. Such a d-c voltage, as is well known per se, corresponds in sign and magnitude to the deviation of the target position from the reference line or plane established by the discriminator.

10. 发明授权

US3614787A Signal display system 失效
标题翻译：信号显示系统
公开(公告)号：US3614787A
公开(公告)日：1971-10-19
申请号：US3614787D
申请日：1958-03-10
申请人： GERALD E HART
发明人： HART GERALD E
IPC分类号： G01S7/41 , G01S13/52 , G01S9/06
CPC分类号： G01S13/52 , G01S7/414
摘要： In a pulse echo-ranging system, means for transmitting electromagnetic waves having a selected sense of circular polarization, first means for receiving first echo signals having said selected sense of circular polarization, second means for receiving second echo signals having a sense of circular polarization, said second means for receiving second echo signals having sense of circular polarization opposite to said selected sense of circular polarization, differencing means connected to said first means and said second means for generating third signals in dependency upon the difference in magnitude of said first echo signals and said second echo signals, azimuth sweepgenerating means for generating fourth signals, pulse-timing means for generating fifth signals, means connected to said azimuth sweep-generating means and said pulse-timing means for synchronizing the start of said pulse-timing means and said azimuth sweep-generating means, mixer means, means connected between said mixer means and said differencing means for applying said third signals to said mixer means, means connected between said azimuth sweep-generating means and said mixer means for applying said fourth signals to said mixer means, range sweepgenerating means, means for applying the output of said pulsetiming means to simultaneously trigger said transmitting means and said range sweep-generating means, summing means connected to said first and second means for generating a sixth signal in dependency upon the sum of the magnitudes of said first echo signals and said second echo signals, a cathode-ray tube having beam intensity control means and beam deflection means, means for applying the output of said mixer means and said range sweepgenerating means to said beam deflection means of said cathoderay tube, plus means for applying the output of said summing means to said beam intensity control means of said cathode-ray tube. In a pulse echo-ranging system, means for transmitting electromagnetic energy having a selected sense of circular polarization, first means for receiving first echo signals having said selected sense of circular polarization, second means for receiving second echo signals having a sense of circular polarization opposite to said selected sense of circular polarization, means connected to said first means and said second means for providing a third signal in dependency upon the difference between the logarithm of the magnitudes of said first echo signals and said second echo signals, visual display means, including an intensity grid, connected to said last mentioned means for visually displaying said third signal in an area-type presentation, summing means for summing the magnitudes of the first echo signals and the second echo signals, and means for applying the output of said summing means to the intensity grid of the visual display means.

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