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1. 发明申请

US20180108960A1 THERMO-ELECTROCHEMICAL CONVERTER WITH INTEGRATED ENERGY STORAGE 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20180108960A1
公开(公告)日：2018-04-19
申请号：US15556692
申请日：2016-03-09
申请人： Johnson IP Holding, LLC
发明人： Lonnie G. JOHNSON
IPC分类号： H01M14/00 , H01M4/38 , F25B41/02 , H01M8/18
摘要： An electrochemical direct heat to electricity converter includes a primary thermal energy source; a working fluid; an electrochemical cell comprising at least one membrane electrode assembly including a first porous electrode, a second porous electrode and at least one membrane, wherein the at least one membrane is sandwiched between the first and second porous electrodes and is a conductor of ions of the working fluid; an energy storage reservoir; and an external load. The electrochemical cell operates on heat to produce electricity. When thermal energy available from the primary thermal energy source is greater than necessary to meet demands of the external load, excess energy is stored in the energy storage reservoir, and when the thermal energy available from the primary thermal energy source is insufficient to meet the demands of the external load, at least a portion of the excess energy stored in the energy storage reservoir is used to supply power to the external load.

2. 发明授权

US4990412A Cryogenic cooling system with precooling stage 失效
标题翻译：具有预冷阶段的低温冷却系统
公开(公告)号：US4990412A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-05
申请号：US307487
申请日：1989-03-03
申请人： Devin W. Hersey
发明人： Devin W. Hersey
IPC分类号： F25B9/02 , F25B9/10 , F25B41/02 , F25J1/00 , H01M8/06
CPC分类号： F25J1/0276 , F25B41/02 , F25B9/02 , F25B9/10 , H01M8/0656 , F25J2205/82 , Y10S204/04 , Y10S429/901
摘要： A cryogenic compressor for compressing hydrogen and oxygen and method for compressing these two gases. In a first preferred embodiment, an electrochemical compressor (12) is operative to compress hydrogen and oxygen gas. These two gases separately enter chamber (120 and 132) in an enclosure (118). Between the two chambers is disposed a catalytic membrane (124), sandwiched between a porous cathode (122) and a porous anode (126). A catalytic reaction combines the gases to form water, producing an electrical current as a byproduct. Adjacent chamber 132 are disposed a porous anode (134) and a porous cathode (138), sandwiched on each side of a catalytic membrane (136). An electric potential applied to porous anode (134) and porous cathode (138) transports water molecules and hydrogen from chamber (132) through catalytic membrane (136) into a chamber (140). The pressure in chamber (140) is substantially greater than the pressure in chamber (132). Yet another porous anode (142) and a porous cathode (146), sandwiched on each side of a catalytic membrane (144), are operative to dissociate the pressurized water into oxygen molecules, hydrogen ions, and free electrons in response to an applied electrical potential. The free electrons combine with the hydrogen ions to form hydrogen molecules. Both the oxygen and hydrogen gas streams produced by the latter catalytic reaction are at a substantially higher pressure than the gases entering the compressor. A second preferred embodiment uses a mechanical water pump (74) to pressurize water instead of the second catalytic reaction.
摘要翻译：用于压缩氢气和氧气的低温压缩机和压缩这两种气体的方法。在第一优选实施例中，电化学压缩机（12）可操作以压缩氢气和氧气。这两种气体分别进入外壳（118）内的室（120和132）。在两个室之间设置有夹在多孔阴极（122）和多孔阳极（126）之间的催化膜（124）。催化反应结合气体形成水，产生电流作为副产物。邻近室132设置有夹在催化膜（136）的每一侧上的多孔阳极（134）和多孔阴极（138）。施加到多孔阳极（134）和多孔阴极（138）的电势将水分子和氢从室（132）传送通过催化膜（136）进入室（140）。腔室（140）中的压力基本上大于腔室（132）中的压力。夹在催化膜（144）的每一侧上的另一个多孔阳极（142）和多孔阴极（146）可操作以响应于施加的电气将加压水解离成氧分子，氢离子和自由电子潜在。自由电子与氢离子结合形成氢分子。由后一种催化反应产生的氧气和氢气流都比进入压缩机的气体高得多。第二优选实施例使用机械水泵（74）来加压水而不是第二催化反应。

3. 发明申请

US20200303794A1 THERMO-ELECTROCHEMICAL CONVERTOR WITH INTEGRATED ENERGY STORAGE 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20200303794A1
公开(公告)日：2020-09-24
申请号：US16894080
申请日：2020-06-05
申请人： Johnson IP Holding, LLC.
发明人： Lonnie G. JOHNSON
IPC分类号： H01M14/00 , F25B41/02 , H01M8/04014 , H01M8/04082 , H01M8/04089 , H01M4/38 , H01M8/18
摘要： An electrochemical direct heat to electricity converter includes a primary thermal energy source; a working fluid; an electrochemical cell comprising at least one membrane electrode assembly including a first porous electrode, a second porous electrode and at least one membrane, wherein the at least one membrane is sandwiched between the first and second porous electrodes and is a conductor of ions of the working fluid; an energy storage reservoir; and an external load. The electrochemical cell operates on heat to produce electricity. When thermal energy available from the primary thermal energy source is greater than necessary to meet demands of the external load, excess energy is stored in the energy storage reservoir, and when the thermal energy available from the primary thermal energy source is insufficient to meet the demands of the external load, at least a portion of the excess energy stored in the energy storage reservoir is used to supply power to the external load.

4. 发明授权

US5687576A Water-evaporation type cooling system based on electrolytic reaction and water-evaporation type cooling method therefor 失效
标题翻译：基于电解反应和水蒸发式冷却方法的水蒸发式冷却系统
公开(公告)号：US5687576A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-18
申请号：US682379
申请日：1996-07-17
申请人： Tetsuo Moriguchi , Shiro Yamauchi
发明人： Tetsuo Moriguchi , Shiro Yamauchi
IPC分类号： F25B21/00 , C25B9/00 , C25B9/08 , F25B15/14 , F25B23/00 , F25B41/02 , F25D9/00
CPC分类号： F25B41/02 , F25B15/14 , Y02B30/62
摘要： A water evaporation type cooling system equipped with a hermetically sealed housing and a solid electrolytic membrane placed to divide the hermetically sealed housing into first and second hermetically sealed spaces. Water is reservoired within the first hermetically sealed space, while a condenser is situated to communicate with the second hermetically sealed space. A direct-current voltage is applied to the solid electrolytic membrane, with the result that a water electrolytic reaction takes place on its first hermetically sealed space side surface, while a water production reaction occurs on its second hermetically sealed space side surface. Protons produced by the water electrolysis pass through the solid electrolytic membrane to contribute to a water production reaction. Steam within the first hermetically sealed space is transferred to the second hermetically sealed space whereas the oxygen within the second hermetically sealed space is shifted to the first hermetically sealed space. Thus, the humidity within the first hermetically sealed space falls to accelerate the evaporation of the water reservoired within the first hermetically sealed space, thereby inducing a temperature drop.
摘要翻译：一种水蒸发式冷却系统，其配备有气密密封的壳体和固体电解质膜，以将密封的壳体分隔成第一和第二密封空间。水在第一密封空间内被储存，而冷凝器位于与第二密封空间连通。向固体电解质膜施加直流电压，其结果是在其第一密封空间侧表面发生水电解反应，同时在其第二密封空间侧表面发生水分生成反应。由水电解产生的质子通过固体电解质膜，有助于水的生成反应。第一密封空间内的蒸汽被转移到第二密封空间，而第二密封空间内的氧被转移到第一密封空间。因此，第一密封空间内的湿度下降，加速在第一密封空间内储存的水的蒸发，从而引起温度下降。

5. 发明授权

US4671080A Closed cryogenic cooling system without moving parts 失效
标题翻译：封闭式低温冷却系统，无移动部件
公开(公告)号：US4671080A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-09
申请号：US818045
申请日：1986-01-13
申请人： Sidney Gross
发明人： Sidney Gross
IPC分类号： F25B9/00 , F25B41/02 , F25B1/00
CPC分类号： F25B9/00 , F25B41/02
摘要： The system generally includes an electrochemical pump for pressurizing a cryogenic gas, a heat exchanger for cooling the gas to below its inversion temperature, a Joule-Thomson flow restrictor to cool the gas by adiabatic expansion, a load heat exchanger that is thermally coupled to an electronic component or surface that requires cryogenic cooling, and a low-pressure flow path back to the pump. One or more reservoirs can be provided in the high-pressure and low-pressure flow paths. The flow paths can be thermally coupled by one or more regenerative heat exchangers. The electrochemical pump can be adapted to transport either protons or hydronium ions. Protons are preferably transported using pump components that do not contain water in any chemical form. Either hydrogen or oxygen can serve as the cryogen. Where hydrogen is the cryogen, the high-pressure flow path can be provided with a catalytic surface to convert ortho-hydrogen to para-hydrogen, and the low-pressure flow path can bear a catalyst to promote the reverse reaction.
摘要翻译：该系统通常包括用于对低温气体进行加压的电化学泵，用于将气体冷却至低于其转化温度的热交换器，通过绝热膨胀来冷却气体的焦耳 - 汤姆逊流量限制器，与热交换器需要低温冷却的电子部件或表面，以及回到泵的低压流动路径。可以在高压和低压流动路径中提供一个或多个储存器。流路可以通过一个或多个再生式热交换器热耦合。电化学泵可适用于运输质子或水合氢离子。质子优选使用不含任何化学形式的水的泵组件运输。氢或氧都可以用作冷冻剂。在氢气是制冷剂的地方，高压流动路径可以设置催化剂表面，以将邻位氢转化为对位氢，低压流动路径可以承受催化剂以促进反向反应。

6. 发明授权

US10749232B2 Thermo-electrochemical converter with integrated energy storage 有权
公开(公告)号：US10749232B2
公开(公告)日：2020-08-18
申请号：US15556692
申请日：2016-03-09
申请人： Johnson IP Holding, LLC
发明人： Lonnie G. Johnson
IPC分类号： H01M14/00 , F25B41/02 , H01M8/04014 , H01M8/04082 , H01M8/04089 , H01M4/38 , H01M8/18 , F25B27/00 , F25B9/14
摘要： An electrochemical direct heat to electricity converter includes a primary thermal energy source; a working fluid; an electrochemical cell comprising at least one membrane electrode assembly including a first porous electrode, a second porous electrode and at least one membrane, wherein the at least one membrane is sandwiched between the first and second porous electrodes and is a conductor of ions of the working fluid; an energy storage reservoir; and an external load. The electrochemical cell operates on heat to produce electricity. When thermal energy available from the primary thermal energy source is greater than necessary to meet demands of the external load, excess energy is stored in the energy storage reservoir, and when the thermal energy available from the primary thermal energy source is insufficient to meet the demands of the external load, at least a portion of the excess energy stored in the energy storage reservoir is used to supply power to the external load.

7. 发明授权

US09487387B2 System and methods for actuation using electro-osmosis 有权
标题翻译：使用电渗的致动系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US09487387B2
公开(公告)日：2016-11-08
申请号：US14422654
申请日：2013-08-20
申请人： Cornell University
发明人： Robert MacCurdy , Hod Lipson
IPC分类号： B81B5/00 , B81B3/00 , B01D61/42 , B01L3/00 , F25B41/02
CPC分类号： B81B3/0021 , B01D61/427 , B01L3/502746 , B81B5/00 , B81B2201/0214 , B81B2201/058 , B81B2203/04 , B81B2203/06 , F25B41/02
摘要： The invention exploits a widely used device in micro-fluidics, the electro-osmotic pump (EOP), to create very low energy micro-scale and macro-scale mechanical actuators. The EOP uses electrical fields to move naturally occurring charged particles (ions) through a fluid medium. As the ions move in response to the applied field, they drag the (non-charged) fluid along, establishing bulk flow. When confined to a narrow chamber, a pressure gradient can be established. The combination of pressure gradient and flow performs mechanical work. With the use of electro-osmotic pumps, the invention enables actuators to be constructed in a variety of embodiments, including for example, a sheet structure, a piston structure, and a cellular structure to name a few.
摘要翻译：本发明利用了广泛使用的微流体学设备，即电渗泵（EOP），以创建极低能量的微尺度和宏观尺度的机械致动器。 EOP使用电场来移动天然存在的带电粒子（离子）通过流体介质。当离子响应于所施加的场移动时，它们沿着沿着（非带电）的流体拖动，建立大量流动。当限制在狭窄的室中时，可以建立压力梯度。压力梯度和流量的组合执行机械作业。通过使用电渗透泵，本发明使致动器能够以各种实施例构造，例如，薄片结构，活塞结构和细胞结构等等。

8. 发明授权

US5024060A Joule-Thomson refrigeration cycle employing a reversible drive electrochemical compressor 失效
标题翻译：焦耳汤姆逊制冷循环采用可逆驱动电化学压缩机
公开(公告)号：US5024060A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-18
申请号：US544551
申请日：1990-06-27
申请人： Raymond B. Trusch
发明人： Raymond B. Trusch
IPC分类号： F25B9/02 , F25B31/00 , F25B41/02
CPC分类号： F25B9/02 , F25B41/02
摘要： A Joule-Thomson refrigeration cycle is disclosed having an electrochemical compressor with a solid polymer electrolyte membrane. The cycle includes a reversible drive power source for pumping working fluid in opposite directions through the compressor, thereby insuring that the membrane is continuously hydrated.

9. 发明授权

US4829785A Cryogenic cooling system with precooling stage 失效
标题翻译：具有预冷阶段的低温冷却系统
公开(公告)号：US4829785A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-16
申请号：US256206
申请日：1988-10-11
申请人： Devin W. Hersey
发明人： Devin W. Hersey
IPC分类号： F25B9/02 , F25B9/10 , F25B41/02 , F25J1/00 , H01M8/06
CPC分类号： F25J1/0276 , F25B41/02 , F25B9/02 , F25B9/10 , H01M8/0656 , F25J2205/82
摘要： A cryogenic cooling system using hydrogen as a primary refrigerant fluid and oxygen as a secondary refrigerant fluid to precool the hydrogen gas below its inversion temperature. In a first embodiment, the cryogenic cooling system (10) includes an electrochemical compressor (12) operative to compress hydrogen and oxygen gas without any moving parts. Compressed oxygen from the electrochemical compressor passes through a regenerative heat exchanger (24) in heat transfer relationship with low pressure oxygen, and expands through a Joule-Thomson expansion valve (28) absorbing heat from a compressed hydrogen gas stream in a precooler heat exchange (30). The low pressure oxygen provides additional cooling in a parasitic heat exchangeer (36), returning to the electrochemical compressor through the regenerative heat exchanger (24). Compressed hydrogen flows through a regenerative heat exchange (44) in heat transfer relationship with low pressure hydrogen, and is precooled as it passes through the precooler heat exchanger. A second regenerative heat exchaner (50) provides additional heat transfer with the low pressure hydrogen gas stream prior to expansion of the compressed hydrogen in a Joule-Thomson expansion valve (54). The expanding hydrogen cools a load in heat exchanger (58), returning to the electrochemical compressor through regenerative heat exchangers 44 to 50. In the second embodiment, a mechanical water pump is provided to compress water, which is used as an intermediate media between the low pressure and high pressure hydrogen and oxygen gas streams. In both embodiments, the hydrogen and oxygen gas are electrochemically combined into water using a catalytic membrane (124) and then disassociated by electrolysis into their respective oxygen and hydrogen gas streams using another catalytic membrane (144).
摘要翻译：使用氢气作为主要制冷剂流体的低温冷却系统和氧气作为二次制冷剂流体，以将氢气预冷却到低于其转化温度。在第一实施例中，低温冷却系统（10）包括电化学压缩机（12），其可操作以压缩氢气和氧气而没有任何运动部件。来自电化学压缩机的压缩氧通过与低压氧传热关系的再生式热交换器（24），并且通过在预冷器热交换中从压缩氢气流吸收热量的焦耳 - 汤姆森膨胀阀（28） 30）。低压氧气在寄生热交换器（36）中提供额外的冷却，通过再生式热交换器（24）返回到电化学压缩机。压缩的氢气通过与低压氢气的热传递关系的再生热交换器（44）流动，并且在其通过预冷器热交换器时被预冷却。在焦耳 - 汤姆森膨胀阀（54）中膨胀压缩氢之前，第二再生式热交换器（50）提供与低压氢气流的额外传热。膨胀的氢气冷却热交换器（58）中的负载，通过再生热交换器44至50返回到电化学压缩机。在第二实施例中，提供机械水泵来压缩水，其被用作介于低压和高压的氢气和氧气流。在两个实施方案中，使用催化膜（124）将氢气和氧气电化学地结合成水，然后使用另一种催化膜（144）通过电解解离成它们各自的氧气和氢气流。

10. 发明授权

US5985111A Water evaporation type cooling apparatus by means of electrolytic reaction 失效
标题翻译：水蒸发式冷却装置采用电解反应
公开(公告)号：US5985111A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-16
申请号：US952984
申请日：1997-11-25
申请人： Tetsuo Moriguchi
发明人： Tetsuo Moriguchi
IPC分类号： F25B15/14 , F25B41/02 , H05K7/20 , C25B9/00
CPC分类号： H05K7/20336 , F25B15/14 , F25B41/02 , Y02B30/62
摘要： It is an object of the present invention to provide a water-evaporation type cooling apparatus which uses a solid-state electrolytic element, is free from an environmental protection problem, is soundless, and has a small size. An solid-state electrolytic element 50 is arranged to partition an airtight can 51 into spaces 51a, 51b, water 53 is reserved in the space 51a, and a condenser 55 is arranged to communicate with the space 51b. A water-reservation portion of the space 51a communicates with a water-reservation portion of the condenser 55 through a water path 57, and gas-phase portions of the spaces 51a, 51b communicate with each other through a ventilation path 58. A power is supplied from a DC power supply 52 to the solid-state electrolytic element 50 to make water decomposition reaction on an anode side and water generation reaction on a cathode side. A thermal connection surface 59 of a bottom portion of the space 51a is shaped into an outer surface shape along the outer surface shape of a target object 54.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / JP96 / 02952 Sec。 371日期：1997年11月25日 102（e）日期1997年11月25日PCT 1996年10月11日PCT公布。出版物WO97 / 39294 日期：1997年10月23日本发明的目的是提供一种使用固态电解元件的水蒸发式冷却装置，没有环境保护问题，无声，尺寸小。固体电解元件50被布置成将气密罐51分隔成空间51a，51b，水53被保留在空间51a中，并且冷凝器55布置成与空间51b连通。空间51a的保水部通过水路57与冷凝器55的保水部连通，空间51a，51b的气相部通过通气路58相互连通。电力为从直流电源52供给到固体电解元件50，以在阳极侧进行水分解反应，并在阴极侧产生水分生成反应。空间51a的底部的热连接表面59沿着目标物体54的外表面形状成形为外表面形状。

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