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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Enhanced helium recovery
    • 增强氦气回收
    • US5632803A
    • 1997-05-27
    • US517469
    • 1995-08-21
    • Glenn StonerHerbert E. Reingold, IIIJoseph S. D'AmicoKent S. Knaebel
    • Glenn StonerHerbert E. Reingold, IIIJoseph S. D'AmicoKent S. Knaebel
    • B01D53/047B01D53/22C01B23/00B01D53/47
    • B01D53/04B01D53/047B01D53/229C01B23/0052C01B23/0094B01D2253/102B01D2253/104B01D2253/106B01D2253/304B01D2256/18B01D2257/11B01D2259/404B01D2259/406B01D2259/41C01B2210/001C01B2210/0014C01B2210/0031C01B2210/0068C01B2210/007
    • The disclosed hybrid membrane and pressure swing adsorption process can recover helium from source streams of about 0.5 to 5 percent by volume helium and concentrate the helium to a concentration of greater than about 98 percent by volume. The process comprises a membrane separation followed by two stages of pressure swing adsorption which are used in series. The source gas will primarily contain hydrocarbons but will contain some nitrogen. The membrane unit will contain a semipermeable membrane which is permeably selective for helium and will to the extent feasible reject hydrocarbons. The permeate gas will be increased in helium content by 2 to 10 times. Part of the residue gas is used in the regeneration of the adsorbent beds in the first stage of pressure swing adsorption. Each stage of pressure swing adsorption will contain a plurality of adsorbent beds, and will be cycled through multiple phases. In the first stage the adsorbent beds will sequentially undergo the phases of adsorption, recycle, depressurization, evacuation, helium pressurization and recycle feed pressurization. The product gas from the first stage is flowed to the second stage and in the second stage sequentially will undergo the phases of adsorption, depressurization, evacuation, purge, and helium pressurization. The offgas from the evacuation and purge in the second stage is flowed to input to the first stage. The process efficiently produces a product stream with a helium content of more than 98 percent by volume.
    • 所公开的混合膜和变压吸附方法可以从约0.5至5体积%氦的源流中回收氦,并将氦浓缩至大于约98体积%的浓度。 该方法包括一个膜分离,然后是串联使用两个阶段的变压吸附。 源气体将主要含有烃,但将含有一些氮。 膜单元将包含半透膜,其对于氦具有可渗透的选择性,并且在可行的程度上将排除碳氢化合物。 渗透气体的氦气含量将增加2〜10倍。 在变压吸附的第一阶段,残余气体的一部分用于吸附剂床的再生。 变压吸附的每个阶段将包含多个吸附剂床,并且将循环通过多个阶段。 在第一阶段,吸附剂床将依次经历吸附,循环,减压,排空,氦加压和再循环进料加压的阶段。 来自第一阶段的产物气体流到第二阶段,并且在第二阶段中将顺序地经历吸附,减压,抽空,吹扫和氦气加压的阶段。 在第二阶段中排气和吹扫的废气流入第一阶段的输入。 该方法有效地产生氦含量大于98体积%的产物流。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Sulfur production process
    • 硫磺生产工艺
    • US6120581A
    • 2000-09-19
    • US231359
    • 1999-01-13
    • John MarkovsGordon Thomas CartwrightCarmen M. YonHenry Rastelli
    • John MarkovsGordon Thomas CartwrightCarmen M. YonHenry Rastelli
    • B01D53/047B01D53/47
    • B01D53/0462B01D53/047B01D2253/1085B01D2253/308B01D2257/7027B01D2257/80B01D2259/40052B01D2259/40054B01D2259/4006B01D2259/4009B01D2259/402B01D53/261
    • A process is provided for the removal of trace amount of aromatic hydrocarbons from a waste feed gas stream comprising sulfur compounds and the aromatic hydrocarbons. An adsorption process employing an adsorbent such as a high silica zeolite adsorbent having a framework silica to alumina ratio greater than about 15 and having a pore size greater than about 6.2 Angstroms is used to remove from the feed gas mixture aromatic hydrocarbon contaminants and permit the recovery of a high purity sulfur product from the treated effluent stream. The adsorption zone comprises at least 2 adsorption beds wherein one of the first adsorption beds is operating in an adsorption mode and the other is being regenerated at a desorption pressure higher than the adsorption pressure. The regeneration is performed in a closed system or partially closed system, and prior to returning a regenerated adsorption zone to adsorption conditions the waste feed gas stream is used to cool and purge the regenerated zone. Purge effluent from the regeneration zone is passed to a bed undergoing adsorption in a lead/trim configuration to prevent a slug of aromatic hydrocarbons from entering the adsorption effluent. The use of the present invention removes aromatic hydrocarbon contaminants which are responsible for the degeneration of the performance of the downstream sulfur recovery zone.
    • 提供了一种从包含硫化合物和芳族烃的废料进料气流中除去微量芳族烃的方法。 使用吸附剂的吸附剂,例如高二氧化硅沸石吸附剂,其骨架二氧化硅与氧化铝的比例大于约15,孔径大于约6.2埃,用于从进料气体混合物中除去芳族烃污染物并允许回收 的来自经处理的流出物流的高纯度硫产物。 吸附区包括至少2个吸附床,其中第一吸附床中的一个以吸附模式运行,另一个在高于吸附压力的解吸压力下再生。 再生在封闭的系统或部分封闭的系统中进行,并且在将再生的吸附区返回到吸附条件之前,使用废物进料气流来冷却和净化再生区。 来自再生区的净化流出物被传递到经历吸收的铅/修整构型的床中,以防止芳族烃块进入吸附流出物。 本发明的用途除去了负责下游硫回收区的性能退化的芳烃污染物。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Process for determining amount of argon contamination in oxygen and
related apparatus therefor
    • 确定氧气中氩气污染量的方法及其相关设备
    • US5762686A
    • 1998-06-09
    • US708407
    • 1996-09-04
    • Raymond A. Borzio
    • Raymond A. Borzio
    • B01D53/04B01D53/047B01D15/08B01D53/47
    • B01D53/047B01D2256/18B01D2257/104B01D2259/40001B01D2259/40007B01D2259/402B01D53/0423
    • A process for determining the amount of argon contamination present in high purity oxygen employing a combination apparatus including a gas chromatography apparatus, a pressure swing adsorption apparatus, and a conduit connecting the two apparatus to each other. The gas chromatography apparatus can be run with its column at about 70.degree. F. (21.1.degree. C.) or higher. A sample of the high purity oxygen is fed to the pressure swing adsorption apparatus, where a portion of the oxygen is removed, and then the thus modified sample is fed through the conduit to the gas chromatography apparatus. Since some of the oxygen has been removed with the pressure swing adsorption apparatus, the graph generated by the gas chromatography apparatus shows 2 resolved peaks, namely a small argon peak preceding a large oxygen peak, even though the column of the gas chromatography apparatus is not being cooled to cryogenic temperatures with a cryogen. Also, instead of first subjecting the high purity oxygen to the pressure swing apparatus, a sample is fed directly to the gas chromatography apparatus, which produces a graph that has only 1 large peak due to the oxygen which masks the small argon peak. By comparing the 2 graphs, an accurate determination can be made of the amount of argon contamination in the high purity oxygen.
    • 使用包括气相色谱仪,变压吸附装置和连接两台装置的导管的组合装置来确定存在于高纯度氧中的氩污染量的方法。 气相色谱仪可以在其柱上运行约70°F(21.1℃)或更高。 将高纯度氧的样品送入变压吸附装置,其中一部分氧被除去,然后将这样改性的样品通过导管进料到气相色谱装置。 由于利用变压吸附装置除去了一些氧气,所以气相色谱仪产生的曲线图显示出2个分辨的峰,即大氧峰前的小氩峰,尽管气相色谱仪的色谱柱不是 用冷冻剂冷却至低温。 此外,代替首先将高纯度氧气经受压力摆动装置,将样品直接供给到气相色谱装置,其产生由于掩蔽小氩峰的氧而仅具有1个大的峰。 通过比较2张图,可以准确测定高纯度氧气中的氩气污染物的量。