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1. 发明申请

US20150336331A1 OBJECT PRODUCTION USING AN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF THE OBJECT 有权
标题翻译：使用加工制造过程和对象的质量评估对象生产
公开(公告)号：US20150336331A1
公开(公告)日：2015-11-26
申请号：US14758679
申请日：2014-01-06
申请人： BAE SYSTEMS PLC
发明人： Mark Alfred Potter
IPC分类号： B29C67/00 , G01N23/00 , G05B19/418 , B22F3/105
CPC分类号： B29C64/386 , B22F3/1055 , B22F2003/1056 , B23P6/00 , B29C64/10 , B29C64/153 , B29C64/20 , B29C64/393 , B29K2105/251 , B33Y10/00 , B33Y30/00 , B33Y40/00 , G01N23/00 , G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419 , G01N2223/6462 , G05B19/401 , G05B19/41875 , G05B2219/35352 , G05B2219/45166 , G05B2219/49021
摘要： Methods and apparatus for producing and assessing at least part of an object (2), the methods comprise: performing, using Additive Manufacturing apparatus (8), an Additive Manufacturing process to produce a test specimen (30, 34, 38) and at least part of an object (2); performing, using micro-tomography apparatus (40), on the test specimen (30, 34, 38), a micro-tomography process to create a digital model (50) of the internal structure of the test specimen (30, 34, 38); determining whether or not the model (50) satisfies one or more criteria; and, if the model (50) satisfies the criteria, determining that the at least part of the object (2) produced by performing the Additive Manufacturing process is acceptable, or, if the model (50) does not satisfy the criteria, determining that the at least part of the object (2) produced by performing the Additive Manufacturing process is not acceptable.
摘要翻译：用于生产和评估物体（2）的至少一部分的方法和装置，所述方法包括：使用添加剂制造装置（8）执行添加剂制造方法以产生试样（30,34,38），并且至少物体（2）的一部分; 在所述测试样本（30,34,38）上使用微型断层摄影装置（40,38）进行微型层析成像处理，以形成所述测试样本（30,34,38）的内部结构的数字模型（50））; 确定模型（50）是否满足一个或多个标准; 并且如果模型（50）满足标准，则确定通过执行添加制造过程产生的对象（2）的至少一部分是可接受的，或者如果模型（50）不满足标准，则确定通过执行添加剂制造方法生产的对象（2）的至少一部分是不可接受的。

2. 发明申请

US20020007294A1 System and method for rapidly customizing a design and remotely manufacturing biomedical devices using a computer system 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用计算机系统快速定制设计和远程制造生物医学设备的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20020007294A1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-17
申请号：US09828504
申请日：2001-04-05
发明人： Thomas J. Bradbury , Christopher M. Gaylo , James A. Fairweather , Kathleen D. Chesmel , Peter A. Materna
IPC分类号： G06F017/60
CPC分类号： G06Q10/00 , A61C8/0006 , A61C13/0004 , A61F2/2803 , A61F2/30942 , A61F2002/2817 , A61F2002/2835 , A61F2002/2878 , A61F2002/30062 , A61F2002/3008 , A61F2002/30616 , A61F2002/30677 , A61F2002/30948 , A61F2002/30952 , A61F2002/30953 , A61F2002/30968 , A61F2210/0004 , A61F2250/0098 , A61F2310/00293 , A61K9/2095 , B33Y80/00 , B65G2207/14 , G05B19/4099 , G05B2219/35008 , G05B2219/35053 , G05B2219/35054 , G05B2219/35219 , G05B2219/35223 , G05B2219/45166 , G05B2219/45168 , G05B2219/49023 , G06F19/3418 , G06F19/3456 , G06F19/3481 , G06Q10/06 , G06Q50/22 , G16H10/60 , G16H15/00 , G16H50/50
摘要： A method of rapid design and manufacture of biomedical devices using electronic data and modeling transmissions, wherein such transmissions are transferred via a computer network. The method includes capturing patient-specific diagnostic imaged data, converting the data to a digital computer file, transmitting the converted data via the computer network to a remote manufacturing site, converting the computer file into a multi-dimensional model and then into machine instructions, and constructing the biomedical implant. The present invention is further directed to the preparation of rapid-prototyped pharmaceutical forms, including oral dosage pills and implantable pharmaceuticals, with transmittal of such data over computer networks being used to significantly increase the cost effectiveness and responsiveness, and is further directed to the use of a website to perform various client-interaction and follow-up tasks.
摘要翻译：使用电子数据和建模传输来快速设计和制造生物医学装置的方法，其中这样的传输通过计算机网络传送。该方法包括捕获患者特定的诊断成像数据，将数据转换成数字计算机文件，经由计算机网络将转换的数据传送到远程制造现场，将计算机文件转换为多维模型，然后转换为机器指令，并构建生物医学植入物。本发明进一步涉及快速原型药物形式的制备，包括口服剂量药片和可植入药物，通过计算机网络传送这些数据用于显着提高成本效益和响应性，并进一步涉及使用的网站执行各种客户端交互和后续任务。

3. 发明授权

US06205411B1 Computer-assisted surgery planner and intra-operative guidance system 有权
标题翻译：计算机辅助手术计划员和术中指导系统
公开(公告)号：US06205411B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-20
申请号：US09189914
申请日：1998-11-12
申请人： Anthony M. DiGioia, III , David A. Simon , Branislav Jaramaz , Michael K. Blackwell , Frederick M. Morgan , Robert V. O'Toole , Takeo Kanade
发明人： Anthony M. DiGioia, III , David A. Simon , Branislav Jaramaz , Michael K. Blackwell , Frederick M. Morgan , Robert V. O'Toole , Takeo Kanade
IPC分类号： A61F232
CPC分类号： A61B17/15 , A61B5/06 , A61B5/1075 , A61B5/4528 , A61B17/155 , A61B34/10 , A61B34/20 , A61B2017/00716 , A61B2034/102 , A61B2034/105 , A61B2034/107 , A61B2034/2055 , A61B2034/2072 , A61B2034/254 , A61B2090/378 , A61F2/32 , A61F2/34 , A61F2/36 , A61F2/38 , A61F2/3804 , A61F2/40 , A61F2/4202 , A61F2/4225 , A61F2/4241 , A61F2/4261 , A61F2/46 , A61F2/4657 , A61F2/468 , A61F2002/30945 , A61F2002/30948 , A61F2002/30952 , A61F2002/3611 , A61F2002/3625 , A61F2002/3631 , A61F2002/4633 , A61F2002/4668 , G05B2219/45166 , G05B2219/45168 , G06F19/00 , Y10S623/901
摘要： An apparatus for facilitating the implantation of an artificial component in one of a hip joint, a knee joint, a hand and wrist joint, an elbow joint, a shoulder joint, and a foot and ankle joint. The apparatus includes a pre-operative geometric planner and a pre-operative kinematic biomechanical simulator in communication with the pre-operative geometric planner.
摘要翻译：一种便于在髋关节，膝关节，手和腕关节，肘关节，肩关节和脚踝关节之一植入人造部件的装置。该装置包括与术前几何计划器通信的术前几何计划器和手术前运动生物力学模拟器。

4. 发明授权

US5741215A Stereolithographic anatomical modelling process 失效
标题翻译：立体解剖造型过程
公开(公告)号：US5741215A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-21
申请号：US596237
申请日：1996-04-25
申请人： Paul Steven D'Urso
发明人： Paul Steven D'Urso
IPC分类号： A61B6/02 , A61F2/00 , A61F2/02 , A61F2/06 , A61F2/28 , A61F2/30 , A61L27/06 , A61L27/12 , B29C67/00 , G05B19/4099 , G06F19/00 , G06T17/00
CPC分类号： B29C67/0066 , A61F2/2875 , A61F2/30942 , A61L27/06 , A61L27/12 , B29C67/0092 , G05B19/4099 , G06T17/00 , A61F2/06 , A61F2002/30574 , A61F2002/30948 , A61F2002/30952 , A61F2002/30957 , A61F2002/30962 , A61F2002/30963 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00293 , G05B2219/35217 , G05B2219/45166 , G05B2219/45168 , G05B2219/45204 , G05B2219/49013 , Y10S128/922 , Y10S378/901 , Y10S623/901
摘要： A method for stereolithographic construction of models including prostheses and anatomical pathology wherein CT scan data is computed to construct a plurality of two dimensional cross sectional images along one axis and the two dimensional image data is computed to create three dimensional coordinate data sets for the article to be modelled. The three dimensional data sets are then computed to obtain spaced parallel two dimensional image data sets in a second plane of the article and the reconstructed two dimensional image data sets are employed in a stereolithographic modelling apparatus to produce a three dimensional model of the article or part thereof. A prosthetic implant shaped to correct a defect in an anatomical part as well as a method for surgically implanting the implant using the stereolithographic method is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU94 / 00536 Sec。 371日期：1996年4月25日 102（e）日期1996年4月25日PCT 1994年9月12日PCT PCT。公开号WO95 / 07509 日期1995年3月16日一种用于立体光刻结构的方法，包括假体和解剖学病理学，其中计算CT扫描数据以沿着一个轴构建多个二维横截面图像，并且计算二维图像数据以产生三维坐标数据为要建模的文章设置。然后计算三维数据组以在物品的第二平面中获得间隔开的平行二维图像数据集，并且在立体光刻建模装置中采用重建的二维图像数据集以产生物品或部分的三维模型其中。还公开了一种矫形植入物，用于矫正解剖部位中的缺陷以及使用立体光刻方法手术植入植入物的方法。

5. 发明授权

US5695500A System for manipulating movement of a surgical instrument with computer controlled brake 失效
标题翻译：用计算机控制的制动器操纵手术器械的运动的系统
公开(公告)号：US5695500A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-09
申请号：US223969
申请日：1994-04-06
申请人： Russell Highsmith Taylor , Yong-yil Kim
发明人： Russell Highsmith Taylor , Yong-yil Kim
IPC分类号： A61B17/00 , A61B19/00 , B25J9/04 , B25J17/02
CPC分类号： B25J17/0275 , A61B34/20 , A61B34/30 , A61B34/76 , B25J9/04 , A61B2017/00022 , A61B2017/00115 , A61B2017/00203 , A61B2034/107 , A61B2034/2051 , A61B2034/2055 , A61B2034/2068 , A61B2034/2072 , A61B2034/742 , A61B2090/0813 , A61B2090/365 , A61B2090/3916 , A61B2090/3945 , A61B2090/5025 , A61B34/10 , G05B2219/37074 , G05B2219/40418 , G05B2219/40609 , G05B2219/45123 , G05B2219/45166
摘要： The system and method includes a manipulator for manipulating a surgical instrument relative to a patient's body and, a position sensor for sensing the position of the surgical instrument relative to the patient's body. The manipulator can be manually or computer actuated and can have brakes to limit movement. In a preferred embodiment, orthogonal only motion between members of the manipulator is provided. The position sensor includes beacons connected to the patient and manipulator or surgical instrument and, a three dimensional beacon sensor adapted to sense the location and position of the beacons. Redundant joint sensors on the manipulator may also be provided. The system and method uses a computer to actively interact with the surgeon and can use various different input and output devices and modes.
摘要翻译：该系统和方法包括用于相对于患者身体操纵外科器械的操纵器和用于感测外科器械相对于患者身体的位置的位置传感器。机械手可以手动或计算机启动，并且可以具有制动器来限制运动。在优选实施例中，提供了在机械手的构件之间仅进行正交运动。位置传感器包括连接到患者和操纵器或手术器械的信标，以及适于感测信标的位置和位置的三维信标传感器。还可以提供操纵器上的冗余关节传感器。该系统和方法使用计算机来主动与外科医生进行交互，并可以使用各种不同的输入和输出设备和模式。

6. 发明授权

US5299288A Image-directed robotic system for precise robotic surgery including redundant consistency checking 失效
标题翻译：用于精确机器人手术的图像定向机器人系统，包括冗余一致性检查
公开(公告)号：US5299288A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-29
申请号：US761720
申请日：1991-09-18
申请人： Edward Glassman , William A. Hanson , Peter Kazanides , Brent D. Mittelstadt , Bela L. Musits , Howard A. Paul , Russell H. Taylor
发明人： Edward Glassman , William A. Hanson , Peter Kazanides , Brent D. Mittelstadt , Bela L. Musits , Howard A. Paul , Russell H. Taylor
IPC分类号： A61B17/00 , A61B17/17 , A61B19/00 , A61F2/00 , A61F2/30 , A61F2/46 , B25J9/16 , B25J11/00 , B25J13/00 , G05B19/4099 , B23Q15/14 , A61B6/00
CPC分类号： A61F2/46 , A61B34/20 , A61B34/30 , A61B34/70 , B25J9/1679 , G05B19/4099 , A61B17/175 , A61B2034/102 , A61B2034/105 , A61B2034/2055 , A61B2034/2072 , A61B2034/256 , A61B2090/065 , A61B2090/3762 , A61B34/10 , A61B34/25 , A61F2002/4633 , G05B2219/35217 , G05B2219/39008 , G05B2219/40418 , G05B2219/40609 , G05B2219/45123 , G05B2219/45166 , G05B2219/45168 , G05B2219/49137 , Y10S128/92 , Y10S623/908 , Y10S706/924
摘要： A robotic surgical system includes a multiple degree of freedom manipulator arm having a surgical tool. The arm is coupled to a controller for controllably positioning the surgical tool within a three dimensional coordinate system. The system further includes a safety monitoring processor for determining the position of the surgical tool in the three dimensional coordinate system relative to a volumetric model. The volumetric model may be represented as a constructive solid geometry (CSG) tree data structure. The system further includes an optical tracking camera system disposed for imaging a region of space that includes at least a portion of the manipulator arm. An output of the camera system is coupled to the processor that processes the volumetric model for determining if the surgical tool is positioned outside of the volumetric model. The system further includes a strain gage for detecting slippage in three dimensions between an immobilized tissue, such as bone, and a reference point. The system also includes multiple and redundant safety features for suspending a motion of the surgical tool to prevent the tool from operating outside of the predetermined volume of space.
摘要翻译：机器人手术系统包括具有手术工具的多自由度操纵臂。臂连接到控制器，用于将外科手术工具可控地定位在三维坐标系统内。所述系统还包括安全监视处理器，用于确定所述外科手术工具在三维坐标系中相对于体积模型的位置。体积模型可以表示为建构实体几何（CSG）树数据结构。该系统还包括光学跟踪照相机系统，其设置成对包括至少一部分操纵臂的空间区域成像。相机系统的输出耦合到处理器，处理器用于确定外科手术工具是否位于体积模型外部。该系统还包括用于在固定的组织（例如骨骼）和参考点之间检测三维中的滑动的应变计。该系统还包括用于悬挂外科手术工具的运动以防止工具在预定体积的空间外部操作的多个和冗余的安全特征。

7. 发明申请

US20110028992A1 SURGERY ASSISTANCE SYSTEM FOR GUIDING A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT 有权
标题翻译：用于引导手术仪器的手术辅助系统
公开(公告)号：US20110028992A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-03
申请号：US12935012
申请日：2009-03-20
申请人： Robert Geiger , Jürgen Scherr
发明人： Robert Geiger , Jürgen Scherr
IPC分类号： A61B19/00
CPC分类号： B25J9/1664 , A61B34/70 , A61B90/11 , A61B90/50 , A61B2017/3409 , G05B2219/39389 , G05B2219/40415 , G05B2219/45123 , G05B2219/45166
摘要： The invention relates to a surgery assistance system for guiding a surgical instrument, in particular a camera system (2) having an endoscope (3) dependant on manual actuation of at least one function key (T1-T6) of a control element (BE). The surgical instrument (3) is fastened to an arm system (10, 12, 14) of the surgery assistance system (1) having an instrument mount (15) and at least the tip (S) of the surgical instrument (3) can be moved in a controlled manner by means of the arm system (10, 12, 14) in a Cartesian patient coordinate system (PKS), whereby at least one of the three spatial axes (x, y, z) of the Cartesian patient coordinate system (PKS) extends through the surgical opening or the trocar point (T) receiving the surgical instrument (3). Advantageously, the angle of inclination (w) of the surgical instrument (3) is determined with respect to the spatial axis (z) of the Cartesian patent coordinate system (PKS) extending through the trocar point (T) and the angle of inclination (w) so determined is compared with a predetermined set angle of inclination (wS). When the determined angle of inclination (w) exceeds the set angle of inclination (wS), the tip (S) of the surgical instrument (3) is guided on a semi-spherical surface (TK) which concentrically surrounds the trocar point (T) and which receives the tip (S) of the instrument (3), and when the determined angle of inclination (w) is below the set angle of inclination (wS), the tip (S) of the surgical instrument (3) is guided along a tangent (TG) which extends through the tip (S) of the instrument (3) and which rests on the semi-spherical surface (TK).
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于引导外科器械的手术辅助系统，特别是具有取决于手动致动控制元件（BE）的至少一个功能键（T1-T6）的内窥镜（3）的照相机系统（2）。外科器械（3）被固定到手术辅助系统（1）的具有器械安装座（15）的臂系统（10,12,14）上，并且外科器械（3）的至少尖端（S）可以通过笛卡尔患者坐标系（PKS）中的臂系统（10,12,14）以受控的方式移动，由此笛卡尔患者坐标的三个空间轴（x，y，z）中的至少一个坐标系统（PKS）延伸通过外科手术开口或接收外科器械（3）的套管针点（T）。有利地，外科器械（3）的倾斜角（w）相对于延伸穿过针刺点（T）的笛卡尔专利坐标系（PKS）的空间轴线（z）和倾斜角 w）与预定的倾斜角（wS）进行比较。当确定的倾斜角（w）超过设定倾斜角（wS）时，手术器械（3）的尖端（S）被引导在同心围绕套管针点（T）的半球形表面（TK）上），并且其接收仪器（3）的尖端（S），并且当确定的倾斜角（w）低于设定倾斜角（wS）时，外科器械（3）的尖端（S）为沿着延伸穿过仪器（3）的尖端（S）并且搁置在半球形表面（TK）上的切线（TG）引导。

8. 发明授权

US06201984B1 System and method for augmentation of endoscopic surgery 失效
标题翻译：增加内窥镜手术的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06201984B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-13
申请号：US09325761
申请日：1995-01-26
申请人： Janez Funda , David Aruthur LaRose , Russell Highsmith Taylor
发明人： Janez Funda , David Aruthur LaRose , Russell Highsmith Taylor
IPC分类号： A61B505
CPC分类号： A61B1/00193 , A61B1/00009 , A61B1/05 , A61B17/00234 , A61B34/10 , A61B34/20 , A61B34/70 , A61B34/76 , A61B90/10 , A61B90/11 , A61B90/36 , A61B90/361 , A61B2017/00022 , A61B2017/00203 , A61B2034/102 , A61B2034/107 , A61B2034/2055 , A61B2034/2065 , A61B2034/2068 , A61B2034/742 , A61B2090/0813 , A61B2090/365 , A61B2090/3937 , A61B2090/3945 , B25J9/04 , B25J17/0275 , G05B2219/37074 , G05B2219/40418 , G05B2219/40609 , G05B2219/45123 , G05B2219/45166 , G06F19/00
摘要： The present method and apparatus use image processing to determine information about the position of a designated object. The invention is particularly useful in applications where the object is difficult to view or locate. In particular, the invention is used in endoscopic surgery to determine positional information about an anatomical feature within a patient's body. The positional information is then used to position or reposition an instrument (surgical instrument) in relation to the designated object (anatomical feature). The invention comprises an instrument which is placed in relation to the designated object and which is capable of sending information about the object to a computer. Image processing methods are used to generated images of the object and determine positional information about it. This information can be used as input to robotic devices or can be rendered, in various ways (video graphics, speech synthesis), to a human user. Various input apparatus are attached to the transmitting or other used instruments to provide control inputs to the computer.
摘要翻译：本方法和装置使用图像处理来确定关于指定对象的位置的信息。本发明在难以查看或定位对象的应用中特别有用。特别地，本发明用于内窥镜手术以确定关于患者体内解剖特征的位置信息。然后使用位置信息来相对于指定的对象（解剖特征）定位或重新定位仪器（外科器械）。本发明包括一个与指定对象相关放置的仪器，其能够发送关于反对电脑。图像处理方法用于生成对象的图像，并确定对象的位置信息。该信息可以用作机器人设备的输入，或者可以以各种方式（视频图形，语音合成）被呈现给人类用户。各种输入装置附接到发射或其他使用的仪器，以向计算机提供控制输入。

9. 发明授权

US5995738A Apparatus and method for facilitating the implantation of artificial components in joints 失效
公开(公告)号：US5995738A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-30
申请号：US190740
申请日：1998-11-12
申请人： Anthony M. DiGioia, III , David A. Simon , Branislav Jaramaz , Michael K. Blackwell , Frederick M. Morgan , Robert V. O'Toole , Takeo Kanade
发明人： Anthony M. DiGioia, III , David A. Simon , Branislav Jaramaz , Michael K. Blackwell , Frederick M. Morgan , Robert V. O'Toole , Takeo Kanade
IPC分类号： A61B5/06 , A61B5/107 , A61B17/00 , A61B17/15 , A61B19/00 , A61F2/30 , A61F2/32 , A61F2/34 , A61F2/36 , A61F2/38 , A61F2/40 , A61F2/42 , A61F2/46
CPC分类号： A61F2/46 , A61B17/15 , A61B17/155 , A61B34/20 , A61F2/4657 , A61B2017/00716 , A61B2034/102 , A61B2034/105 , A61B2034/107 , A61B2034/2055 , A61B2034/2072 , A61B2034/254 , A61B2090/378 , A61B34/10 , A61B5/06 , A61B5/1075 , A61B5/4528 , A61F2/32 , A61F2/34 , A61F2/36 , A61F2/38 , A61F2/3804 , A61F2/40 , A61F2/4202 , A61F2/4225 , A61F2/4241 , A61F2/4261 , A61F2/468 , A61F2002/30945 , A61F2002/30948 , A61F2002/30952 , A61F2002/3611 , A61F2002/3625 , A61F2002/3631 , A61F2002/4633 , A61F2002/4668 , G05B2219/45166 , G05B2219/45168 , Y10S623/914
摘要： Apparatuses and methods are disclosed for determining an implant position for at least one artificial component in a joint and facilitating the implantation thereof. The apparatuses and methods include creating a joint model of a patient's joint into which an artificial component is to be implanted and creating a component model of the artificial component. The joint and artificial component models are used to simulate movement in the patient's joint with the artificial component in a test position. The component model and the joint model are used to calculate a range of motion in the joint for at least one test position based on the simulated motion. An implant position, including angular orientation, in the patient's joint is determined based on a predetermined range of motion and the calculated range of motion. In a preferred embodiment, the implant position can be identified in the joint model and the joint model aligned with the joint by registering positional data from discrete points on the joint with the joint model. Such registration also allows for tracking of the joint during surgical procedures. A current preferred application of the invention is for determining the implant position and sizing of an acetabular cup and femoral implant for use in total hip replacement surgery.

10. 发明授权

US5445166A System for advising a surgeon 失效
标题翻译：为外科医生提供咨询的制度
公开(公告)号：US5445166A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-29
申请号：US223862
申请日：1994-04-06
申请人： Russell H. Taylor
发明人： Russell H. Taylor
IPC分类号： A61B17/00 , A61B19/00 , B25J9/04 , B25J17/02 , A61B17/36
CPC分类号： B25J17/0275 , A61B34/20 , A61B34/30 , A61B34/76 , B25J9/04 , A61B2017/00022 , A61B2017/00115 , A61B2017/00203 , A61B2034/107 , A61B2034/2051 , A61B2034/2055 , A61B2034/2068 , A61B2034/2072 , A61B2034/742 , A61B2090/0813 , A61B2090/365 , A61B2090/3916 , A61B2090/3945 , A61B2090/5025 , A61B34/10 , G05B2219/37074 , G05B2219/40418 , G05B2219/40609 , G05B2219/45123 , G05B2219/45166
摘要： The system is for assisting a surgeon in positioning an article relative to a target position. The system includes a computer for determining a surgical plan, sensors for sensing execution of the surgical plan by the surgeon, an advisor for advising the surgeon based upon comparison of the surgical plan and its execution and, selecting of different types of advise to give the surgeon. The system can also have an input for changing the surgical plan in the computer during surgery.
摘要翻译：该系统用于辅助外科医生相对于目标位置定位物品。该系统包括用于确定外科手术计划的计算机，用于感测外科医生执行手术计划的传感器，用于根据手术计划与其执行的比较来向外科医生提供建议的顾问，以及选择不同类型的建议以给予外科医生该系统还可以具有用于在手术期间改变计算机中的手术计划的输入。

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