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1. 发明授权

US07418349B2 Method of and apparatus for processing seismic data 失效
标题翻译：地震数据处理方法及装置
公开(公告)号：US07418349B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-26
申请号：US10502451
申请日：2003-01-20
申请人： Johan Olof Anders Robertsson , Andrew Curtis , Dirk-Jan Van Manen
发明人： Johan Olof Anders Robertsson , Andrew Curtis , Dirk-Jan Van Manen
IPC分类号： G01V1/00 , G01V1/38
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/362 , G01V2210/53
摘要： A method of processing seismic data that includes including first and second modes of seismic energy where the second mode has been generated by partial mode conversion of the first mode at a boundary face of a layer of the seabed includes the step of cross-correlating a trace acquired at a receiver and including events corresponding to the first mode with a trace acquired at the same receiver and including events corresponding to the second mode. An event in the cross-correlated data that corresponds to partial mode conversion is identified, and the amplitude of this event is normalized, for example relative to the amplitude of the peak in the cross-correlogram at zero time delay. Information about the effects of the static shift produced by the layer and/or about vector infidelity can be arrived from normalized cross-correlograms for receivers in a receiver array.
摘要翻译：一种处理地震数据的方法，包括包括地震能量的第一和第二模式，其中通过在海底层的边界面处的第一模式的部分模式转换已经产生第二模式，包括将迹线互相关的步骤在接收机处获取并且包括与在第一模式相对应的事件，其中在同一接收机处获取的跟踪包括与第二模式对应的事件。识别对应于部分模式转换的交叉相关数据中的事件，并且该事件的幅度例如相对于零时间延迟的交叉相关中的峰值的幅度被归一化。关于由层产生的静态移位和/或关于向量不忠的影响的信息可以从接收机阵列中的接收机的标准化交叉相关图得出。

2. 发明授权

US06839633B1 Methods and apparatus for imaging a subsurface fracture 有权
$Methods and apparatus for imaging a subsurface fracture$
标题翻译：用于成像地下骨折的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06839633B1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-04
申请号：US10461617
申请日：2003-06-13
申请人： Satoshi Basaki , Kasumi Fujii
发明人： Satoshi Basaki , Kasumi Fujii
IPC分类号： G01V1/28 , G01V1/50
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/50
摘要： A method and apparatus for imaging subsurface fractures using an ST plane for quick looks and quality checks at the wellsite. Incident angles of impinging acoustic waves with respect to receivers are estimated from actual and apparent slowness, and the position of the fracture is estimated from the travel time and incident angle. The fracture can be imaged by plotting values from the ST plane onto the position of the fracture.
摘要翻译：一种使用ST平面对地下裂缝进行成像的方法和装置，用于在井场进行快速查看和质量检查。从实际和表观的慢度估计入射声波相对于接收机的入射角，根据行进时间和入射角估计断裂位置。可以通过将ST平面的值绘制到骨折的位置来成像骨折。

3. 发明授权

US06820010B1 Method for determining shear-wave velocity model for depth migration of mode-converted data 有权
标题翻译：用于确定模式转换数据深度偏移的剪切波速度模型的方法
公开(公告)号：US06820010B1
公开(公告)日：2004-11-16
申请号：US10426554
申请日：2003-04-30
申请人： Surinder K. Sahai , Robert A. Meek
发明人： Surinder K. Sahai , Robert A. Meek
IPC分类号： G01V128
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/303
摘要： The present invention provides for a method of processing mode converted seismic data. The method comprises acquiring seismic data and determining a P-wave velocity model for the seismic data. An S-wave velocity model is determined from the P-wave velocity model. The mode converted seismic data are depth migrated forming CIP mode converted seismic data gathers. Corrected S-wave velocities are determined from near-offset data of the CIP gathers which corrects the depth migrated mode converted seismic data to the P-wave velocity model depth. A correction factor is provided and the iterating with the method quickly converges to a solution. This invention provides an efficient method of updating the shear wave velocity model for prestack depth migration of mode-converted data.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种处理模式转换的地震数据的方法。该方法包括获取地震数据并确定地震数据的P波速度模型。从P波速度模型确定S波速度模型。模式转换的地震数据是深度迁移形成CIP模式转换的地震数据采集。校正的S波速度由CIP聚集的近偏移数据确定，其将深度迁移模式转换的地震数据校正为P波速度模型深度。提供了一个校正因子，并且使用该方法迭代快速收敛到一个解。本发明提供了一种更新模式转换数据的叠前深度偏移的剪切波速度模型的有效方法。

4. 发明申请

US20030187583A1 Method and apparatus for resolving shear wave seismic data 审中-公开
标题翻译：解决剪切波地震资料的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20030187583A1
公开(公告)日：2003-10-02
申请号：US10113106
申请日：2002-04-01
发明人： Federico D. Martin , John A. Ward
IPC分类号： G01V001/28
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/362 , G01V2210/32 , G01V2210/52
摘要： The present invention relates to an improved method and system for computing residual statics on shear wave seismic data. The invention uses pilot traces, which are a function of CDP, offset, and azimuth, to resolve shear wave data in the presence of any anisotropy. Statics determinations are made that are not velocity error dependent; the need for CMP to CCP transformations is eliminated. The present invention also relates to a method and apparatus for removing regional anisotropy effects. The present invention, in one embodiment, determines statics for shear wave seismic data by binning seismic data in a bin defined by CDP information, azimuth information and offset information, where a set of binned traces is defined; generating a pilot trace from the set of binned traces; cross-correlating the pilot trace with the binned traces; determining shot statics dependent on the cross-correlation; and determining receiver statics dependent on the cross-correlation.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于计算剪切波地震数据残余静力学的改进方法和系统。本发明使用作为CDP，偏移和方位角的函数的导频迹线，以在存在任何各向异性的情况下解决剪切波数据。进行不依赖于速度误差的静力学测定; CMP对CCP转型的需求被消除。本发明还涉及一种去除区域各向异性效应的方法和装置。在一个实施例中，本发明通过在由CDP信息，方位信息和偏移信息定义的箱中合并地震数据来确定剪切波地震数据的静态，其中定义了一组仓库轨迹; 从组合的轨迹生成导引轨迹; 导频跟踪与分类轨迹互相关; 确定取决于互相关的拍摄静态; 并确定取决于互相关的接收机静态。

5. 发明申请

US20030167126A1 Layer stripping converted reflected waveforms for dipping fractures 失效
$Layer stripping converted reflected waveforms for dipping fractures$
标题翻译：层剥离转换反射波形用于浸渍裂缝
公开(公告)号：US20030167126A1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-04
申请号：US10342936
申请日：2003-01-15
申请人： Westerngeco L.L.C.
发明人： Steve A. Horne , James E. Gaiser , Erika Angerer
IPC分类号： G01V001/28
CPC分类号： G01V1/286
摘要： A method and apparatus for use in seismic prospecting are disclosed. The method comprises partitioning a plurality of converted split shear-wave data resulting from a common event and recorded at a plurality of azimuths and a plurality of offsets as a function of the azimuths and offsets; separating fast and slow split shear-wave wavefields in the partitioned data; deriving at least one attribute of at least one of the separated fast and slow shear-wave wavefields; and analyzing the derived attribute. The apparatus comprises, in one aspect, a program storage medium encoded with instruction that perform the method when executed by a computing device or a computer programmed to perform the device.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于地震勘探的方法和装置。该方法包括将由公共事件产生的多个转换的分割剪切波数据分割成多个方位角和多个偏移量，作为方位角和偏移的函数; 分割数据中分离快，慢分裂剪切波场; 导出分离的快速和慢速剪切波场中的至少一个的至少一个属性; 并分析派生属性。该装置在一个方面包括编码有指令的程序存储介质，该指令在由计算设备执行时执行，或者被编程为执行该设备的计算机执行。

6. 发明申请

US20030076741A1 System and method for seismic wavefield separation 有权
标题翻译：地震波场分离的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20030076741A1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-24
申请号：US10181232
申请日：2002-07-09
发明人： Johan Olof Anders Robertsson , Andrew Curtis
IPC分类号： G01V001/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/20 , G01V1/30 , G01V1/364
摘要： A system and method of creating a filter for use with locally dense seismic data is disclosed. The method includes obtaining survey geometry characteristics from a locally dense seismic survey. A filter is designed which uses spatial derivatives of the wavefield of order between (1) and the maximum order of spatial derivatives of the wavefield that can be estimated within a group. The filter can be designed so as to separate up/down going components, p/s components, or both up/down and p/s components. Partial derivatives in space and time of the wavefield can be calculated, using, for example, a taylor series expansion as an approximation. The seismic data is filtered by combining estimated near surface material properties, the seismic data, and the calculated partial derivatives.
摘要翻译：公开了一种创建用于局部密集地震数据的滤波器的系统和方法。该方法包括从局部密集地震勘测中获取勘测几何特征。设计了一种滤波器，其使用（1）与可在一组内估计的波场的空间导数的最大阶数的波场的空间导数。滤波器可以被设计成分离上/下进组件，p / s组件，或上/下和p / s组件。可以使用例如泰勒级数展开作为近似来计算波场的空间和时间的部分导数。通过组合估计的近表面材料性质，地震数据和计算的偏导数来对地震数据进行滤波。

7. 发明授权

US06263284B1 Selection of seismic modes through amplitude characteristics 有权
标题翻译：通过振幅特征选择地震模式
公开(公告)号：US06263284B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-17
申请号：US09298549
申请日：1999-04-22
申请人： Richard L. Crider , Leon Thomsen , Gerard Beaudoin
发明人： Richard L. Crider , Leon Thomsen , Gerard Beaudoin
IPC分类号： G01V128
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/364 , G01V2210/56
摘要： The instant invention is generally directed toward methods of using an AVO-type analysis on unstacked seismic data to identify subsurface exploration prospects. More particularly, a new method of identiflying and displaying converted mode seismic reflections is provided that has significant advantages over that in the prior art. Additionally, the instant invention can be used to attenuate or eliminate seismic reflections such as multiples that are not flattened by conventional velocity analysis. Further, a method is disclosed that provides for identification and display of only those seismic reflections deemed consistent with the usual or expected AVO behavior. Finally, another aspect of the instant invention involves the use of statistical goodness of fit measures, such as the Coefficient of Determination, to create a seismic display that is indicative of the degree to which each time slice in a gather conforms to a proposed AVO model.
摘要翻译：本发明通常涉及使用对未堆放地震数据进行AVO型分析来识别地下勘探前景的方法。更具体地，提供了一种识别和显示转换模式地震反射的新方法，其具有比现有技术中显着的优点。此外，本发明可以用于衰减或消除诸如通过常规速度分析未平坦化的倍数的地震反射。此外，公开了一种提供仅识别和显示与通常或预期的AVO行为一致的那些地震反射的方法。最后，本发明的另一方面涉及使用诸如确定系数的统计拟合度量来创建表示每个时间片中的每个时间片符合所提出的AVO模型的程度的地震显示。

8. 发明授权

US06205403B1 Method for determining horizontal geophone orientation in ocean bottom cables 失效
标题翻译：确定海底电缆水平地震检波器方向的方法
公开(公告)号：US06205403B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-20
申请号：US09303312
申请日：1999-04-30
申请人： James Eric Gaiser , Frederick J. Barr
发明人： James Eric Gaiser , Frederick J. Barr
IPC分类号： G01V100
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/16
摘要： Method is provided for determining the orientation or horizontal geophones used in marine seismic surveying. First-arrival signals are processed by rotating a coordinate system mathematically until the signal from the transverse receiver has minimum energy. The amount of rotation is used to calculate, from the known azimuth from the source, any misalignment of the horizontal geophone as the receiver is placed on the ocean bottom.
摘要翻译：提供了用于确定海洋地震测量中使用的取向或水平地震检波器的方法。通过数学旋转坐标系直到来自横向接收器的信号具有最小能量来处理首次到达信号。旋转量用于从源的已知方位计算出当接收器放置在海底时的水平地震检波器的任何未对准。

9. 发明授权

US6002642A Seismic migration using offset checkshot data 失效
标题翻译：使用偏移检查数据进行地震迁移
公开(公告)号：US6002642A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-14
申请号：US987562
申请日：1997-12-09
申请人： Jerome R. Krebs
发明人： Jerome R. Krebs
IPC分类号： G01V1/28 , G01V1/30 , G01V1/42 , G01V1/36
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/301 , G01V1/42 , G01V2210/161
摘要： A method of migrating seismic data using offset checkshot survey measurements. The offset checkshot survey measurements involve raypaths similar to the migration raypaths for the seismic data, and are used to determine direct arrival traveltimes to receivers in a borehole. Embodiments of the invention provide for direct use of the traveltimes in migration, or indirect use of the traveltimes in migration via construction of a migration velocity model. The velocity model embodiments further provide for either traveltime error correction via use of interpolated error functions or construction of migration error tables. The invention can be employed for time, depth or Kirchhoff migration, in either two or three dimension, and in either prestack or poststack applications. The invention may be used to migrate any type of seismic data, including compressional-wave, shear-wave, and converted-wave seismic data.
摘要翻译：使用偏移检查测量测量方法迁移地震数据的方法。偏移检查测量测量涉及与地震数据的迁移射线路径类似的射线路径，用于确定钻孔中接收器的直接到达旅行时间。本发明的实施例提供了在移动中直接使用旅行时间，或者通过建立移动速度模型来间接使用旅行时间在移动中。速度模型实施例还通过使用内插误差函数或迁移误差表的构造进一步提供旅行时错误校正。本发明可以用于时间，深度或Kirchhoff迁移，两个或三个维度，以及在叠前或后堆叠应用中。本发明可用于迁移任何类型的地震数据，包括压缩波，剪切波和转换波地震数据。

10. 发明授权

US4881209A Method of processing converted mode seismic data 失效
标题翻译：转换模式地震数据处理方法
公开(公告)号：US4881209A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-14
申请号：US256674
申请日：1988-10-12
申请人： Marvin G. Bloomquist , Barry N. Warner
发明人： Marvin G. Bloomquist , Barry N. Warner
IPC分类号： G01V1/28 , G01V1/36
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/362 , G01V2210/52
摘要： Method for processing converted mode seismic data. Compressional and converted compressional to shear wave data is acquired by generating compressional energy into a subsurface formation and recording the amplitude of reflections as a function of time at spaced locations along a line of exploration. A series of compressional to shear wave velocity (Vp/Vs) ratios are selected based on an analysis of the acquired seismic data and the shear wave velocity for each Vp/Vs ratio is determined according to the following relationship: ##EQU1## where k=Vp/Vs. Data corresponding to each Vp/Vs ratio is stacked together, the series of stacks are correlated to the originally acquired seismic data to determine the actual Vp/Vs ratio for the formation and the shear wave velocity is derived. The originally collected data is then corrected for normal moveout and stacked.
摘要翻译：转换模式地震数据处理方法。压缩和转换的压缩到剪切波数据是通过产生压缩能量进入地下地层并记录反射振幅作为沿着探索线的间隔位置的时间的函数来获取的。根据获取的地震数据的分析选择一系列压缩至波速（Vp / Vs）比，并根据以下关系确定每个Vp / Vs比的剪切波速度： + TR < IMAGE>其中k = Vp / Vs。对应于每个Vp / Vs比的数据堆叠在一起，一系列堆叠与原始获取的地震数据相关，以确定形成的实际Vp / Vs比，并导出剪切波速度。然后对原始收集的数据进行校正，以进行正常的移出和堆叠。

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