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1. 发明授权

US4248665A Device and method for relativistic electron beam heating of a high-density plasma to drive fast liners 失效
标题翻译：用于高密度等离子体的相对论电子束加热以驱动快速衬垫的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4248665A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-03
申请号：US9703
申请日：1979-02-05
申请人： Lester E. Thode
发明人： Lester E. Thode
IPC分类号： H05H1/02 , H05H1/22 , G21B1/00
CPC分类号： G21B1/23 , H05H1/02
摘要： A device and method for relativistic electron beam heating of a high-density plasma in a small localized region. A relativistic electron beam generator or accelerator produces a high-voltage electron beam which propagates along a vacuum drift tube and is modulated to initiate electron bunching within the beam. The beam is then directed through a low-density gas chamber which provides isolation between the vacuum modulator and the relativistic electron beam target. The relativistic beam is then applied to a high-density target plasma which typically comprises DT, DD, hydrogen boron or similar thermonuclear gas at a density of 10.sup.17 to 10.sup.20 electrons per cubic centimeter. The target gas is ionized prior to application of the electron beam by means of a laser or other preionization source to form a plasma. Utilizing a relativistic electron beam with an individual particle energy exceeding 3 MeV, classical scattering by relativistic electrons passing through isolation foils is negligible. As a result, relativistic streaming instabilities are initiated within the high-density target plasma causing the relativistic electron beam to efficiently deposit its energy and momentum into a small localized region of the high-density plasma target. Fast liners disposed in the high-density target plasma are explosively or ablatively driven to implosion by a heated annular plasma surrounding the fast liner which is generated by an annular relativistic electron beam. An azimuthal magnetic field produced by axial current flow in the annular plasma, causes the energy in the heated annular plasma to converge on the fast liner.
摘要翻译：用于小局部区域中的高密度等离子体的相对电子束加热的装置和方法。相对论电子束发生器或加速器产生高压电子束，其沿真空漂移管传播并被调制以在光束内引发电子束。然后将光束引导通过低密度气体室，其提供真空调制器和相对论电子束目标之间的隔离。然后将相对论光束施加到高密度目标等离子体，其通常包括密度为1017至1020电子/立方厘米的DT，DD，氢硼或类似的热核气体。在通过激光或其它预电离源施加电子束之前将目标气体电离以形成等离子体。利用具有超过3MeV的单个粒子能量的相对论电子束，通过隔离箔的相对论电子的经典散射是可忽略的。因此，在高密度目标等离子体中引发了相对论的流动不稳定性，导致相对论电子束有效地将其能量和动量沉积到高密度等离子体靶的小的局部区域中。设置在高密度目标等离子体中的快速衬垫通过由环形相对论电子束产生的围绕快速衬垫的加热的环形等离子体被爆炸性地或者被驱动地内燃。在环形等离子体中由轴向电流产生的方位磁场使得加热的环形等离子体中的能量会聚在快速衬垫上。

2. 发明授权

US08142756B1 Methods of reforming hydrocarbon fuels using hexaaluminate catalysts 有权
标题翻译：使用六铝酸盐催化剂重整烃燃料的方法
公开(公告)号：US08142756B1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-27
申请号：US12717372
申请日：2010-03-04
申请人： Todd H. Gardner , David A. Berry , Dushyant Shekhawat
发明人： Todd H. Gardner , David A. Berry , Dushyant Shekhawat
IPC分类号： C01B3/26
CPC分类号： B01J23/83 , B01D53/864 , B01D53/944 , B01D2255/2042 , B01D2255/206 , B01D2255/2065 , B01D2255/20715 , B01D2255/20753 , B01D2255/2092 , B01D2257/702 , B01D2258/012 , B01J23/002 , B01J23/78 , B01J37/031 , B01J2523/00 , C01B3/326 , C01B3/386 , C01B3/40 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/1041 , C01B2203/1058 , C01B2203/1217 , C01B2203/1235 , Y02P20/52 , B01J2523/25 , B01J2523/31 , B01J2523/3712 , B01J2523/48 , B01J2523/847 , B01J2523/375
摘要： A metal substituted hexaaluminate catalyst for reforming hydrocarbon fuels to synthesis gas of the general formula AByAl12-yO19-δ, A being selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and lanthanide metals or mixtures thereof. A dopant or surface modifier selected from a transitions metal, a spinel of an oxygen-ion conductor is incorporated. The dopant may be Ca, Cs, K, La, Sr, Ba, Li, Mg, Ce, Co, Fe, Ir, Rh, Ni, Ru, Cu, Pe, Os, Pd, Cr, Mn, W, Re, Sn, Gd, V, Ti, Ag, Au, and mixtures thereof. The oxygen-ion conductor may be a perovskite selected from M′RhO3, M′PtO3, M′PdO3, M′IrO3, M′RuO3 wherein M′=Mg, Sr, Ba, La, Ca; a spinel selected from MRh2O4, MPt2O4, MPd2O4, MIr2O4, MRu2O4 wherein M=Mg, Sr, Ba, La, Ca and mixtures thereof; a florite is selected from M″O2.
摘要翻译：一种用于将烃燃料重整成通式为AByAl 12-y O 19-δ的合成气的金属取代六铝酸盐催化剂，A选自碱金属，碱土金属和镧系金属或其混合物。从过渡金属，氧离子导体的尖晶石中掺入掺杂剂或表面改性剂。掺杂剂可以是Ca，Cs，K，La，Sr，Ba，Li，Mg，Ce，Co，Fe，Ir，Rh，Ni，Ru，Cu，Pe，Os，Pd，Cr，Mn， Sn，Gd，V，Ti，Ag，Au及其混合物。氧离子导体可以是选自M'RhO3，M'PtO3，M'PdO3，M'IrO3，M'RuO3的钙钛矿，其中M'= Mg，Sr，Ba，La，Ca; 选自MRh 2 O 4，MPt 2 O 4，MP d 2 O 4，MIr 2 O 4，MRu 2 O 4的尖晶石，其中M = Mg，Sr，Ba，La，Ca及其混合物; 选自M“O2的花青石。

3. 发明授权

US07531808B1 Method for the depth corrected detection of ionizing events from a co-planar grids sensor 失效
标题翻译：用于从共面网格传感器深度校正检测电离事件的方法
公开(公告)号：US07531808B1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-12
申请号：US11626919
申请日：2007-01-25
申请人： Gianluigi De Geronimo , Aleksey E. Bolotnikov , Gabriella Carini
发明人： Gianluigi De Geronimo , Aleksey E. Bolotnikov , Gabriella Carini
IPC分类号： H01L27/00 , H01L27/146
CPC分类号： G01T1/241 , G01T1/247 , G01T1/2928
摘要： A method for the detection of ionizing events utilizing a co-planar grids sensor comprising a semiconductor substrate, cathode electrode, collecting grid and non-collecting grid. The semiconductor substrate is sensitive to ionizing radiation. A voltage less than 0 Volts is applied to the cathode electrode. A voltage greater than the voltage applied to the cathode is applied to the non-collecting grid. A voltage greater than the voltage applied to the non-collecting grid is applied to the collecting grid. The collecting grid and the non-collecting grid are summed and subtracted creating a sum and difference respectively. The difference and sum are divided creating a ratio. A gain coefficient factor for each depth (distance between the ionizing event and the collecting grid) is determined, whereby the difference between the collecting electrode and the non-collecting electrode multiplied by the corresponding gain coefficient is the depth corrected energy of an ionizing event. Therefore, the energy of each ionizing event is the difference between the collecting grid and the non-collecting grid multiplied by the corresponding gain coefficient. The depth of the ionizing event can also be determined from the ratio.
摘要翻译：一种利用包括半导体衬底，阴极电极，集电栅极和非集电栅极的共面栅极传感器来检测电离事件的方法。半导体衬底对电离辐射敏感。向阴极施加小于0伏特的电压。将大于施加到阴极的电压的电压施加到非集电栅极。将大于施加到非集电栅极的电压的电压施加到集电栅极。收集网格和非收集网格相加和相减，分别创建和差异。差异和总和分割创造一个比例。确定每个深度（电离事件和收集网格之间的距离）的增益系数因子，由此收集电极和非集电极之间的差乘以相应的增益系数是电离事件的深度校正能量。因此，每个电离事件的能量是收集网格和非收集网格之间的差值乘以相应的增益系数。电离事件的深度也可以从该比例确定。

4. 发明授权

US4384696A Component restraint system 失效
标题翻译：组件约束系统
公开(公告)号：US4384696A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-24
申请号：US311204
申请日：1981-10-14
申请人： John C. Blake
发明人： John C. Blake
IPC分类号： F16L3/00
CPC分类号： F16L3/00 , Y10S248/901 , Y10T403/32098
摘要： An object restraint system is provided with a collar for gripping the object and a plurality of struts attached to the collar and to anchor means by universal-type joints, the struts being arranged in tangential relation about the collar.
摘要翻译：物体约束系统设置有用于夹持物体的轴环和附接到轴环的多个支柱和通过万向接头的锚固装置，所述支柱围绕轴环以切线关系布置。

5. 发明授权

US4418989A Apparatus for shifting the wavelength of light 失效
标题翻译：用于移动光的波长的装置
公开(公告)号：US4418989A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-06
申请号：US343802
申请日：1982-01-29
申请人： William H. McCulla , John D. Allen, Jr.
发明人： William H. McCulla , John D. Allen, Jr.
IPC分类号： G02B26/00 , G02B5/12 , G02B7/18 , G02B27/00
CPC分类号： G02B26/002
摘要： A light beam is reflected back and forth between a rotating body having a retroreflection corner at opposite ends thereof and a fixed mirror to change the wavelength of the light beam by the Doppler effect.
摘要翻译：光束在其相对端具有回射角的旋转体和固定反射镜之间来回反射，以通过多普勒效应改变光束的波长。

6. 发明授权

US5449945A Silicon metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector 失效
标题翻译：硅金属 - 半导体 - 金属光电探测器
公开(公告)号：US5449945A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-12
申请号：US4803
申请日：1993-01-15
申请人： Steven R. J. Brueck , David R. Myers , Ashwani K. Sharma
发明人： Steven R. J. Brueck , David R. Myers , Ashwani K. Sharma
IPC分类号： H01L31/108 , H01L27/14 , H01L29/48
CPC分类号： H01L31/1085
摘要： Silicon MSM photodiodes sensitive to radiation in the visible to near infrared spectral range are produced by altering the absorption characteristics of crystalline Si by ion implantation. The implantation produces a defected region below the surface of the silicon with the highest concentration of defects at its base which acts to reduce the contribution of charge carriers formed below the defected layer. The charge carriers generated by the radiation in the upper regions of the defected layer are very quickly collected between biased Schottky barrier electrodes which form a metal-semiconductor-metal structure for the photodiode.
摘要翻译：通过改变通过离子注入的晶体Si的吸收特性来产生在可见光到近红外光谱范围内对辐射敏感的硅MSM光电二极管。注入在硅的表面下方产生缺陷区域，其底部具有最高的缺陷浓度，其作用是减少形成在缺陷层下方的电荷载流子的贡献。由缺陷层的上部区域中的辐射产生的电荷载体在形成用于光电二极管的金属 - 半导体 - 金属结构的偏置肖特基势垒电极之间非常快速地收集。

7. 发明授权

US4442480A Protective circuit for thyristor controlled systems and thyristor converter embodying such protective circuit 失效
标题翻译：用于晶闸管控制系统的保护电路和体现这种保护电路的晶闸管转换器
公开(公告)号：US4442480A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-10
申请号：US351808
申请日：1982-02-24
申请人： Francis H. Downhower, Jr. , Paul T. Finlayson
发明人： Francis H. Downhower, Jr. , Paul T. Finlayson
IPC分类号： H03K17/0814 , H03K17/10 , H02M1/18
CPC分类号： H03K17/08144 , H03K17/105
摘要： A snubber circuit coupled across each thyristor to be gated in a chain of thyristors determines the critical output of a NOR LATCH whenever one snubber circuit could not be charged and discharged under normal gating conditions because of a short failure.
摘要翻译：在每个晶闸管上耦合的缓冲电路将被门控在一个晶闸管中，每当一个缓冲电路由于短时间故障而在正常选通条件下不能充电和放电时，就可以确定NOR LATCH的临界输出。

8. 发明授权

US4414294A Electrically insulating and sealing frame 失效
标题翻译：电绝缘和密封框架
公开(公告)号：US4414294A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-08
申请号：US424111
申请日：1982-09-27
申请人： Robin J. Guthrie
发明人： Robin J. Guthrie
IPC分类号： H01M8/24 , H01M2/08
CPC分类号： H01M8/2485
摘要： A combination gas seal and electrical insulator having a closed frame shape interconnects a fuel cell stack and a reactant gas plenum of a fuel cell generator. The frame can be of rectangular shape including at least one slidable spline connection in each side to permit expansion or contraction consistent with that of the walls of the gas plenum and fuel cell stack. The slidable spline connections in the frame sides minimizes lateral movement between the frame side members and sealing material interposed between the frame and the fuel cell stack or between the frame and the reactant gas plenum.
摘要翻译：具有闭合框架形状的组合气体密封和电绝缘体将燃料电池堆和燃料电池发生器的反应气体充气室相互连接。框架可以是矩形形状，其包括在每一侧中的至少一个可滑动的花键连接，以允许与气体压力室和燃料电池堆的壁的膨胀或收缩一致的膨胀或收缩。框架侧面中的可滑动的花键连接将框架侧构件和介于框架和燃料电池组之间或框架与反应气体增压室之间的密封材料之间的横向移动最小化。

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