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1. 发明授权

US5495774A Magnetostrictive torque sensor air gap compensator 失效
标题翻译：磁致伸缩扭矩传感器气隙补偿器
公开(公告)号：US5495774A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-05
申请号：US223522
申请日：1994-04-05
申请人： Robert D. Klauber , Erik B. Vigmostad , Frederick P. Sprague
发明人： Robert D. Klauber , Erik B. Vigmostad , Frederick P. Sprague
IPC分类号： B60G17/019 , G01L3/10 , G01L3/02
CPC分类号： G01L3/102 , B60G17/019 , G01L3/105 , B60G2204/11 , B60G2400/30 , B60G2400/60 , B60G2400/91 , B60G2401/172 , B60G2600/602 , B60G2600/604 , B60G2800/802
摘要： Disclosed are a method and apparatus for minimizing or eliminating the effect of air gap variation on the output signal of a magnetostrictive stress/torque signal. An RLC drive circuit is utilized by choosing appropriate circuit parameters and drive frequency such that the flux reducing effect from increasing air gap due to increase in magnetic reluctance is offset by a flux increasing effect from a concomitant reduction in eddy currents. The invention is particularly suited to cross design magnetostrictive sensors and to automotive engine diagnostics applications such as misfire, knock, and roughness detection.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于最小化或消除气隙变化对磁致伸缩应力/转矩信号的输出信号的影响的方法和装置。通过选择适当的电路参数和驱动频率来利用RLC驱动电路，使得由于磁阻增加而增加的气隙的磁通减小效应被伴随涡流减少的磁通增加效应所抵消。本发明特别适用于交叉设计磁致伸缩传感器和汽车发动机诊断应用，例如失火，敲击和粗糙度检测。

2. 发明授权

US5144846A Minimal structure magnetostrictive stress and torque sensor 失效
标题翻译：最小结构磁致伸缩应力和扭矩传感器
公开(公告)号：US5144846A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-08
申请号：US518083
申请日：1990-05-02
申请人： Robert D. Klauber , Erik B. Vigmostad
发明人： Robert D. Klauber , Erik B. Vigmostad
IPC分类号： G01L3/10
CPC分类号： G01L3/102 , G01L3/105 , Y10S73/02
摘要： A noncontacting method for sensing stress and torque based on the principle of magnetostriction comprises inducing a magnetic flux in a shaft (20) via such means as a single core/coil(58/60) placed close to the shaft (20) which detects torque by means of voltage or current changes in the coil (60). Another embodiment comprises two single core/coils (58/60 and 59/61) and signal processing circuitry which produces a signal minimally affected by material property inhomogeneities. An additional embodiment employs a plurality of sensors (66A/66B) strategically located around the shaft (20) to eliminate spurious signals which are due to bending stress and shaft misalignment.
摘要翻译：基于磁致伸缩原理来感测应力和扭矩的非接触方法包括通过诸如靠近轴（20）放置的单个芯/线圈（58/60）等装置来感应轴（20）中的磁通量，其检测扭矩借助于线圈（60）中的电压或电流变化。另一个实施例包括两个单芯/线圈（58/60和59/61）和信号处理电路，其产生受材料性质不均匀性影响最小的信号。另外的实施例采用了围绕轴（20）策略地定位的多个传感器（66A / 66B），以消除归因于弯曲应力和轴未对准的寄生信号。

3. 发明授权

US4979399A Signal dividing magnetostrictive torque sensor 失效
标题翻译：信号分割磁致伸缩扭矩传感器
公开(公告)号：US4979399A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-25
申请号：US511088
申请日：1990-04-18
申请人： Robert D. Klauber , Erik B. Vigmostad
发明人： Robert D. Klauber , Erik B. Vigmostad
IPC分类号： G01L3/10
CPC分类号： G01L3/102 , G01L3/105
摘要： A noncontacting method for sensing torque based on the principle of magnetostriction comprises inducing a primary magnetic flux in a shaft (20) via such means as a primary excitation core/coil (30/32), utilizing a secondary core/coil (34/36), and an auxiliary core/coil (48/50), and dividing a secondary signal obtained from the secondary core/coil (34/36) by a signal obtained from the auxiliary core/coil (48/50) to obtain a torque dependent signal. Signal dependence on RPM, temperature, inhomogeneity of shaft permeability magnitude, and air gap is thereby minimized. Another embodiment employs a plurality of sensors (66A/66B) strategically located around the shaft (20) to eliminate spurious signals which are due to bending stress and shaft misalignment.
摘要翻译：用于基于磁致伸缩原理感测转矩的非接触方法包括通过诸如初级激励芯/线圈（30/32）的装置在轴（20）中引入初级磁通量，利用次级铁芯/线圈（34/36 ）和辅助铁芯/线圈（48/50），并且通过从辅助铁芯/线圈（48/50）获得的信号来分割从次级铁芯/线圈（34/36）获得的次级信号，以获得扭矩依赖信号。因此，信号对RPM，温度，轴渗透性幅度的不均匀性和气隙的依赖性被最小化。另一个实施例采用了围绕轴（20）策略地定位的多个传感器（66A / 66B），以消除由于弯曲应力和轴未对准而引起的寄生信号。

4. 发明授权

US5313826A Engine misfire, knock or roughness detection method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：发动机失火，敲击或粗糙度检测方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5313826A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-24
申请号：US74861
申请日：1993-06-10
申请人： Robert D. Klauber , Erik B. Vigmostad , Frederick P. Sprague , Joseph V. Mandarino
发明人： Robert D. Klauber , Erik B. Vigmostad , Frederick P. Sprague , Joseph V. Mandarino
IPC分类号： F02D45/00 , B60G17/019 , F02P17/12 , G01D3/028 , G01L3/10 , G01L23/22 , G01M15/04 , G01M15/00
CPC分类号： G01D3/028 , B60G17/019 , G01L23/223 , G01L3/102 , G01L3/105 , G01M15/042 , B60G2204/11 , B60G2400/30 , B60G2400/60 , B60G2400/91 , B60G2401/172 , B60G2600/602 , B60G2600/604 , B60G2800/802 , Y10S73/02
摘要： A method and apparatus for comparing torsional stress/strain states of a power transmitting member of an internal combustion engine to detect an abnormal combustion condition, including misfire, knock or roughness. Statistical processing steps may be used to detect an abnormal combustion event including: calculating a mean and standard deviation for a set of signals related to the torsional stress induced in the power transmitting member, calculating a difference between a later signal and the mean, calculating a ratio of the difference to the standard deviation, and comparing the ratio to a threshold. The ratio so obtained from a given cylinder may further be compared with one or more other such ratios from other cylinders. In other words, the autocorrelation and/or cross-correlation techniques may be used. A magnetostrictive sensor may preferably be used to obtain the signals relating to the torsional stress in the power transmitting member, such as the engine crankshaft. In addition, the magnetostrictive sensor may include windings to cancel induced electromagnetic interference signals. The magnetostrictive sensor may also generate signals relating to the position of the power transmitting member in addition to the torsional stress in the power transmitting member. Spatial integration techniques may be used to obtain torsional stress/strain signals which are independent of the rotational speed of the power transmitting member. Spatial integration may be performed using variable amplifiers, variable attenuators, switched capacitors or other techniques.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US91 / 09280 Sec。 371日期：1993年6月10日 102（e）1993年6月10日PCT 1991年12月10日PCT。一种用于比较内燃机的动力传递部件的扭转应力/应变状态以检测异常燃烧状态的方法和装置，包括失火，敲击或粗糙度。可以使用统计处理步骤来检测异常燃烧事件，包括：计算与在动力传递构件中感应的扭转应力相关的一组信号的平均值和标准偏差，计算稍后信号和平均值之间的差，计算差值与标准差的比值，并将该比率与阈值进行比较。从给定气缸获得的比例可以进一步与来自其它气缸的一个或多个其它这样的比率进行比较。换句话说，可以使用自相关和/或互相关技术。优选地，可以使用磁致伸缩传感器来获得与动力传递部件（例如发动机曲轴）中的扭转应力有关的信号。此外，磁致伸缩传感器可以包括用于消除诱导的电磁干扰信号的绕组。磁致伸缩传感器除了动力传递部件中的扭转应力之外，还可产生与动力传递部件的位置有关的信号。可以使用空间积分技术来获得与动力传递构件的旋转速度无关的扭转应力/应变信号。可以使用可变放大器，可变衰减器，开关电容器或其他技术来执行空间积分。

5. 发明授权

US5269178A Engine misfire, knock of roughness detection method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：发动机失火，粗糙度检测方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5269178A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-14
申请号：US720240
申请日：1991-06-24
申请人： Erik B. Vigmostad , Robert D. Klauber , Frederick P. Sprague
发明人： Erik B. Vigmostad , Robert D. Klauber , Frederick P. Sprague
IPC分类号： F02D45/00 , B60G17/019 , F02P17/12 , G01D3/028 , G01L3/10 , G01L23/22 , G01M15/04 , G01L01/12 , G01L03/00 , G01L05/13 , G01M15/00
CPC分类号： G01D3/028 , B60G17/019 , G01L23/223 , G01L3/102 , G01L3/105 , G01M15/042 , B60G2204/11 , B60G2400/30 , B60G2400/60 , B60G2400/91 , B60G2401/172 , B60G2600/602 , B60G2600/604 , B60G2800/802 , Y10S73/02
摘要： Disclosed are a method and apparatus for comparing torsional stress/strain states of a power transmitting member of an internal combustion engine to detect an abnormal combustion condition, including misfire, knock or roughness. Statistical processing steps may be used to detect an abnormal combustion event including: calculating a mean and standard deviation for a set of signals related to the torsional stress induced in the power transmitting member, calculating a difference between a later signal and the mean, calculating a ratio of the difference to the standard deviation, and comparing the ratio to a threshold. The ratio so obtained from a given cylinder may further be compared with one or more other such ratios from other cylinders. A magnetostrictive sensor may preferably be used to obtain the signals relating to the torsional stress in the power transmitting member, such as the engine crankshaft. In addition, the magnetostrictive sensor may include windings to cancel induced electromagnetic interference signals.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于比较内燃机的动力传递部件的扭转应力/应变状态以检测异常燃烧状态（包括失火，爆震或粗糙）的方法和装置。可以使用统计处理步骤来检测异常燃烧事件，包括：计算与在动力传递构件中感应的扭转应力相关的一组信号的平均值和标准偏差，计算稍后信号和平均值之间的差，计算差值与标准差的比值，并将该比率与阈值进行比较。从给定气缸获得的比例可以进一步与来自其它气缸的一个或多个其它这样的比率进行比较。优选地，可以使用磁致伸缩传感器来获得与动力传递部件（例如发动机曲轴）中的扭转应力有关的信号。此外，磁致伸缩传感器可以包括用于消除诱导的电磁干扰信号的绕组。

6. 发明授权

US5902934A Phase magnitude signal detector 失效
标题翻译：相位幅度信号检测器
公开(公告)号：US5902934A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-11
申请号：US509733
申请日：1995-08-01
申请人： Fred P. Sprague , Erik B. Vigmostad , Robert D. Klauber
发明人： Fred P. Sprague , Erik B. Vigmostad , Robert D. Klauber
IPC分类号： G01L1/12 , B60G17/019 , G01L3/10 , G01M15/00 , G01M15/11
CPC分类号： B60G17/019 , G01L3/102 , G01L3/105 , G01M15/11 , B60G2204/11 , B60G2400/30 , B60G2400/60 , B60G2400/91 , B60G2401/172 , B60G2600/602 , B60G2600/604 , B60G2800/802 , Y10S73/02
摘要： A magnetostrictive stress and torque sensor using the component of the output signal in-phase with the drive voltage to monitor stress or torque. In some embodiments, it may use the quadrature or out-of-phase component, or some combination of the in-phase and out-of-phase components. Such phase component monitoring has several advantages over magnitude detection, including a response which is a more linear function of torque, and which is not subject to overmodulation problems.
摘要翻译：磁致伸缩应力和转矩传感器使用输出信号的分量与驱动电压同相来监测应力或转矩。在一些实施例中，它可以使用正交分量或异相分量，或同相和异相分量的某些组合。这种相位分量监测具有超过幅度检测的几个优点，包括作为扭矩的更线性函数的响应，并且不受过调制问题的影响。

7. 发明授权

US5581022A Engine misfire detector 失效
标题翻译：发动机失火探测器
公开(公告)号：US5581022A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-03
申请号：US490941
申请日：1995-06-15
申请人： Fred P. Sprague , Erik B. Vigmostad
发明人： Fred P. Sprague , Erik B. Vigmostad
IPC分类号： G01M15/04 , F02D45/00 , G01M15/11 , G01M15/00
CPC分类号： G01M15/11
摘要： A system for determining the occurrence of a misfire in an internal combustion engine includes an oscillator, a phase detector coupled to receive an engine timing signal and the oscillating signal from the oscillator for producing an error signal functionally relating to phase difference between the signals. A loop filter is coupled to the phase detector for producing a tracking signal for producing the oscillating signal functionally related to the tracking signal. A phase error accumulator is coupled to receive the error signal and is operative to produce an output signal when the magnitude of at least one of the duration and magnitude of the error signal exceeds a predetermined value.
摘要翻译：用于确定内燃机失火发生的系统包括振荡器，耦合以接收引擎定时信号的相位检测器和来自振荡器的振荡信号，用于产生功能上与信号之间的相位差相关的误差信号。环路滤波器耦合到相位检测器，用于产生用于产生与跟踪信号功能相关的振荡信号的跟踪信号。耦合相位误差累加器以接收误差信号，并且当误差信号的持续时间和幅度中的至少一个的幅度超过预定值时，产生输出信号。

8. 发明授权

US5287735A Engine misfire or roughness detection method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：发动机失火或粗糙度检测方法及装置
公开(公告)号：US5287735A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-22
申请号：US625222
申请日：1990-12-10
申请人： Robert D. Klauber , Erik B. Vigmostad
发明人： Robert D. Klauber , Erik B. Vigmostad
IPC分类号： B60G17/019 , G01L23/22 , G01M15/04 , G01M15/00
CPC分类号： B60G17/019 , G01L23/223 , G01M15/042 , B60G2204/11 , B60G2400/30 , B60G2400/60 , B60G2400/91 , B60G2401/172 , B60G2600/602 , B60G2600/604 , B60G2800/802
摘要： A method and apparatus for comparing torsional stress/strain states of a power transmitting member of an internal combustion engine to detect an abnormal combustion condition, including misfire or roughness. A first signal is obtained relating to the torsional stress in the member produced by a first combustion event or series of events. A second signal is obtained which relates to the torsional stress in the member produced by a second combustion event or series of events. The first and second signals are compared to detect the abnormal combustion event in the operation of the engine. A magnetostrictive sensor may preferably be used to obtain the signals relating to the torsional stress in the power transmitting member, such as the engine crankshaft.
摘要翻译：用于比较内燃机的动力传递部件的扭转应力/应变状态以检测异常燃烧状态（包括失火或粗糙度）的方法和装置。获得关于由第一燃烧事件或一系列事件产生的构件中的扭转应力的第一信号。获得第二信号，其涉及由第二燃烧事件或一系列事件产生的构件中的扭转应力。比较第一和第二信号以检测发动机运转中的异常燃烧事件。优选地，可以使用磁致伸缩传感器来获得与动力传递部件（例如发动机曲轴）中的扭转应力有关的信号。

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