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    • 10. 发明授权
    • Mammalian DNA mismatch repair genes MLH1 and PMS1
    • 哺乳动物DNA错配修复基因MLH1和PMS1
    • US5922855A
    • 1999-07-13
    • US209521
    • 1994-03-08
    • Robert M. LiskayC. Eric BronnerSean M. BakerRoni J. BollagRichard D. Kolodner
    • Robert M. LiskayC. Eric BronnerSean M. BakerRoni J. BollagRichard D. Kolodner
    • C07K14/47C12Q1/68C07H21/04
    • C07K14/47C12Q1/6886C12Q2600/156
    • We have discovered two human genes, hMLH1 and hPMS1, each of which apparently encodes for a protein involved in DNA mismatch repair. The hMLH1 gene encodes for a protein which is homologous to the bacterial DNA mismatch repair protein MutL, and is located on human chromosome 3p21.3-23. We believe that mutations in the hMLH1 gene cause hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) in some individuals based upon the similarity of the hMLH1 gene product to the yeast DNA mismatch repair protein MLH1, the coincident location of the hMLH1 gene and the HNPCC locus on chromosome 3, and hMLH1 missense mutations in affected individuals from a chromosome 3-linked HNPCC family. The human hPMS1 gene is homologous to the yeast DNA mismatch repair gene PMS1, and is located on human chromosome 7q. We believe that the hPMS1 gene is a strong candidate for HNPCC testing because the yeast proteins MLH1 and PMS1 have been shown to be involved in the same DNA repair pathway and because hMLH1 and hMSH2 have both been implicated in HNPCC families. The most immediate use for hMLH1 and hPMS1 will be in screening tests on individuals who are members of families which exhibit high frequencies of early onset cancer. We have also isolated and sequenced mouse MLH1 and PMS1 genes. We have produced chimeric mice with a mutant form of the PMS1 gene that will enable us to derive mice that are heterozygous or homozygous for mutation in mPMS1. These mice will be useful for cancer research. We have also produced and isolated antibodies directed to hPMS1 which are useful in assays to detect the presence of protein in tumor samples.
    • 我们已经发现了两个人基因hMLH1和hPMS1,每个基因都显然编码参与DNA错配修复的蛋白质。 hMLH1基因编码与细菌DNA错配修复蛋白MutL同源的蛋白质,位于人染色体3p21.3-23上。 我们认为,基于hMLH1基因产物与酵母DNA错配修复蛋白MLH1的相似性,hMLH1基因和HNPCC基因座的重合位点,hMLH1基因突变导致遗传性非息肉病结肠癌(HNPCC)在一些个体中 在3号染色体上,并且来自染色体3连接的HNPCC家族的受影响个体中的hMLH1错义突变。 人hPMS1基因与酵母DNA错配修复基因PMS1同源,位于人染色体7q上。 我们认为,hPMS1基因是HNPCC检测的有力候选者,因为酵母蛋白MLH1和PMS1已显示参与相同的DNA修复途径,并且因为hMLH1和hMSH2均与HNPCC家族有关。 用于hMLH1和hPMS1的最直接用途将是对具有高频早期癌症的家庭成员的个体进行筛选测试。 我们还分离和测序小鼠MLH1和PMS1基因。 我们已经产生了具有突变形式的PMS1基因的嵌合小鼠,这将使得我们能够导出在mPMS1中突变是杂合的或纯合的小鼠。 这些小鼠可用于癌症研究。 我们还生产和分离了针对hPMS1的抗体,它们可用于检测肿瘤样品中蛋白质的存在。