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1. 发明授权

US6154559A System for classifying an individual's gaze direction 有权
标题翻译：用于分类个人注视方向的系统
公开(公告)号：US6154559A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-28
申请号：US164734
申请日：1998-10-01
申请人： Paul Anthony Beardsley
发明人： Paul Anthony Beardsley
IPC分类号： G06T7/60 , A61B3/113 , A61B5/117 , G06K9/00 , G06T7/00 , G06T7/20
CPC分类号： G06T7/0044 , A61B3/113 , A61B5/1176 , A61B5/7264 , G06K9/00228 , G06K9/00604 , G06K9/00845
摘要： A system is provided to classify the gaze direction of an individual obseng a number of surrounding objects. The system utilizes a qualitative approach in which frequently occurring head poses of the individual are automatically identified and labelled according to their association with the surrounding objects. In conjunction with processing of eye pose, this enables the classification of gaze direction. In one embodiment, each observed head pose of the individual is automatically associated with a bin in a "pose-space histogram". This histogram records the frequency of different head poses over an extended period of time. Given observations of a car driver, for example, the pose-space histogram develops peaks over time corresponding to the frequently viewed directions of toward the dashboard, toward the mirrors, toward the side window, and straight-ahead. Each peak is labelled using a qualitative description of the environment around the individual, such as the approximate relative directions of dashboard, mirrors, side window, and straight-ahead in the car example. The labelled histogram is then used to classify the head pose of the individual in all subsequent images. This head pose processing is augmented with eye pose processing, enabling the system to rapidly classify gaze direction without accurate a priori information about the calibration of the camera utilized to view the individual, without accurate a priori 3D measurements of the geometry of the environment around the individual, and without any need to compute accurate 3D metric measurements of the individual's location, head pose or eye direction at run-time.
摘要翻译：提供一种系统来分类观察多个周围物体的个体的注视方向。该系统采用定性方法，其中根据与周围物体的关联自动识别和标记个体的经常出现的头部姿势。结合眼睛姿态的处理，这使得注视方向的分类。在一个实施例中，个体的每个观察到的头部姿势在“姿态 - 空间直方图”中与自动关联。该直方图记录了长时间内不同头部姿势的频率。给定汽车驾驶员的观察，例如，姿态空间直方图随着时间的推移而对应于朝向仪表板的经常观察的方向，朝向镜子，朝向侧视窗和直线向前发展出峰值。每个峰值都使用对个体环境的定性描述进行标注，例如汽车示例中仪表板，镜子，侧窗和直线的近似相对方向。然后使用标记的直方图对所有后续图像中的个体的头部姿态进行分类。这种头部姿态处理通过眼睛姿态处理来增强，使得系统能够快速地将视线方向分类，而不需要精确的关于用于观看个体的照相机的校准的先验信息，而不会精确地先验地测量周围环境的几何形状个人，并且不需要在运行时计算个体位置，头部姿势或眼睛方向的精确3D度量测量。

2. 发明授权

US6088020A Haptic device 有权
标题翻译：触觉装置
公开(公告)号：US6088020A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US133827
申请日：1998-08-12
申请人： Andrew B. Mor
发明人： Andrew B. Mor
IPC分类号： G09B9/00 , A61B19/00 , B25J3/00 , B25J13/02 , G06F3/00 , G06F3/01 , G06F3/033 , G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G06F3/016 , A61B34/76 , B25J13/025 , G06F3/03545 , G06F2203/014 , G06F2203/015
摘要： Apparatus is provided to extend the number of active degrees of freedom of haptic interface to provide the user with the feel of a tool which is cantilevered over obstacles or which experiences frictional drag along its shaft. This is accomplished by providing two additional active degrees of freedom while not limiting the rotation or translation of the handle that the user is grasping. The apparatus constrains, through a 4 degree of freedom gimbal, the shaft of the tool handle, whose tip is controlled by another 3 spatial degree of freedom haptic device. The shaft of the tool slides and rotates in a sleeve bearing or collar which is mounted in a 2 degree of freedom gimbal. The gimbal is rigidly connected to a 2 degree of freedom parallel planar manipulator, with both degrees of freedom of the planar manipulator being powered by actuators used to generate the requisite haptic forces. The use of this device provides users with a 5 degree of freedom device, through which they can feel forces and moments, instead of only point forces which are generated by 3 degree of freedom devices. This is useful when performing simulations where a portion of the tool removed from the tip may contact an obstruction instead of just the tip.
摘要翻译：提供了用于扩展触觉界面的主动自由度的数量的装置，以向使用者提供悬臂在障碍物上或者沿着其轴经历摩擦阻力的工具的感觉。这通过提供两个附加的主动自由度而不是限制用户正在抓握的手柄的旋转或平移来实现。该装置通过4自由度的万向节约束工具手柄的轴，其尖端由另外3个空间自由度触觉装置控制。该工具的轴滑动并在一个安装在2自由度的万向节的套筒轴承或套环中旋转。万向节刚性地连接到2自由度的平行平面操纵器，平面操纵器的两个自由度由用于产生必要的触觉力的致动器驱动。该设备的使用为用户提供了一个5度自由度的装置，通过它们可以感受力和力矩，而不仅仅是由3个自由度装置产生的点力。这在执行模拟时很有用，其中从尖端移除的工具的一部分可能接触阻塞而不是仅仅尖端。

3. 发明授权

US6014146A Shape manipulation system 失效
标题翻译：形状操纵系统
公开(公告)号：US6014146A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-11
申请号：US841800
申请日：1997-05-05
申请人： William T. Freeman
发明人： William T. Freeman
IPC分类号： G06T3/00 , G06T11/20 , G06F15/00
CPC分类号： G06T11/203
摘要： In a graphical object manipulation system, a system for modifying shapes ludes representing a reference shape in terms of particles making up the shape, providing a Coulomb warp between the particles of the reference shape and those of a target shape, modifying the Coulomb warp and using the modified warp to generate a modified target shape from the reference shape by displacing particles in the reference shape to modified positions in the target shape based on modified displacements. The system permits shape averaging or providing a shape with a distinctive style.
摘要翻译：在图形对象操纵系统中，用于修改形状的系统包括以构成形状的粒子的形式表示参考形状，在参考形状的粒子与目标形状的粒子之间提供库仑经向，修改库仑经向和使用改变的经纱，通过基于改变的位移将参考形状的颗粒移位到目标形状的修改位置，从参考形状产生修改的目标形状。该系统允许形状平均或提供具有独特风格的形状。

4. 发明授权

US6144755A Method and apparatus for determining poses 失效
标题翻译：用于确定姿势的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6144755A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-07
申请号：US729600
申请日：1996-10-11
申请人： Sourabh A. Niyogi , William T. Freeman
发明人： Sourabh A. Niyogi , William T. Freeman
IPC分类号： G06T7/00 , G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00241 , G06K9/00832 , G06T7/0044
摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for determining a direction in which a subject's head is facing. The present invention has particular relevance to monitoring driver conditions in automobiles. By monitoring head positions and motions, the system can estimate driver awareness. Signals or alarms can be activated if the driver does not appear to be aware of driving conditions. The present invention provides a rapid, low cost device for determining pose position, which would be useful in automobiles. A large number of images of various subjects in different poses are stored a memory. The poses are then organized according to tree-structured vector quantization to allow comparison with a sample image of an actual driver. The tree structure is traversed to find a leaf node constituting one of the stored images which is closest to the sample image. The pose of the closest image is outputted as the pose of the sample image. Cropping can be done automatically by including, within the stored images, extra examples which are offset from center. If the closest pose is one that is offset, the cropping window for subsequent sample images is appropriately adjusted in order to maintain the head of the subject close to the center of the cropping window.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于确定受试者头部所面向的方向的方法和装置。本发明与监测汽车驾驶员状况特别相关。通过监控头部位置和动作，系统可以估计驾驶员的意识。如果驾驶员似乎没有意识到行驶条件，则可以激活信号或报警。本发明提供了一种用于确定姿势位置的快速，低成本的装置，其将在汽车中有用。存储不同姿势的各种主题的大量图像。然后根据树结构矢量量化组织姿态，以便与实际驾驶员的样本图像进行比较。遍历树结构以找到构成最靠近样本图像的存储图像之一的叶节点。输出最接近的图像的姿态作为样本图像的姿态。可以通过在存储的图像中包括从中心偏移的额外示例来自动完成裁剪。如果最接近的姿势是偏移的姿势，则适当调整后续样本图像的裁剪窗口，以保持对象的头部靠近裁剪窗口的中心。

5. 发明授权

US6128357A Data receiver having variable rate symbol timing recovery with non-synchronized sampling 失效
标题翻译：具有可变速率符号定时恢复的数据接收器，具有非同步采样
公开(公告)号：US6128357A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-03
申请号：US997772
申请日：1997-12-24
申请人： Cheng-Youn Lu , Jay Bao , Tommy C. Poon
发明人： Cheng-Youn Lu , Jay Bao , Tommy C. Poon
IPC分类号： H03H17/06 , H04L7/02 , H04L7/033 , H04L7/00 , H03D3/24 , H04L25/40 , H04L25/36
CPC分类号： H04L7/0029 , H04L7/0335
摘要： An adaptable, variable rate symbol timing recovery system for a digital sal receiver comprises an analog to digital (A-D) signal converter having analog signal input and digital data signal output terminals. A source of selectable, substantially fixed rate, data sampling clock signals is coupled to the A-D signal converter for sampling a signal received at the input at a predetermined, substantially fixed clock rate, depending on data rate and modulation of the received signal. A digital signal processing loop is coupled to the digital data signal output terminal for adjustably producing interdependent signals in synchronism with the data signals at the output terminal which are asynchronous with respect to the fixed rate clock signals. A Controller is provided for selectively configuring the data sampling clock signal source and the digital signal processing loop according to the data rate and modulation characteristics of the received signal.
摘要翻译：用于数字信号接收机的适应性可变速率符号定时恢复系统包括具有模拟信号输入和数字数据信号输出端的模数（A-D）信号转换器。可选择的基本上固定的速率的数据采样时钟信号的源极耦合到A-D信号转换器，用于根据接收信号的数据速率和调制对预定的基本上固定的时钟速率在输入处接收到的信号进行采样。数字信号处理环路耦合到数字数据信号输出端子，用于与输出端子上相对于固定速率时钟信号异步的数据信号同步地产生相互依赖的信号。提供控制器，用于根据接收信号的数据速率和调制特性有选择地配置数据采样时钟信号源和数字信号处理环路。

6. 发明授权

US6065039A Dynamic synchronous collaboration framework for mobile agents 失效
标题翻译：移动代理的动态同步协同框架
公开(公告)号：US6065039A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-16
申请号：US964444
申请日：1997-11-04
申请人： Noemi Paciorek
发明人： Noemi Paciorek
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F9/44 , G06F9/46 , G06F9/50 , G06N5/04 , H04L29/08
CPC分类号： G06F9/4862 , H04L67/10
摘要： A dynamic synchronous collaboration framework utilizes a distributed synchronization point to permit synchronous collaboration of mobile agent objects in a distributed computer system. The framework simplifies agent collaboration for applications which divide a complex problem into multiple tasks and delegate tasks to multiple mobile agents. The collaboration framework also enables mobile agents within an application to perform synchronous collaboration with affiliated agents in the native language of an associated software application. Such collaboration is accomplished by joining collaborating agents to an agent group. Member agents periodically correlate results through a collaborative sharing within the agent group, and may adopt new behaviors based on the results of the collaboration.
摘要翻译：动态同步协作框架利用分布式同步点来允许移动代理对象在分布式计算机系统中的同步协作。该框架简化了将复杂问题分解为多个任务并将任务委托给多个移动代理的应用程序的代理协作。协作框架还使应用程序内的移动代理能够与关联的软件应用程序的本地语言的附属代理进行同步协作。通过将协作代理程序加入代理组来实现此类协作。成员代理商通过代理组中的协作共享来定期地关联结果，并且可以基于协作的结果采用新的行为。

7. 发明授权

US6032179A Computer system with a network interface which multiplexes a set of registers among several transmit and receive queues 失效
标题翻译：具有网络接口的计算机系统，其在多个发送和接收队列之间复用一组寄存器
公开(公告)号：US6032179A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-29
申请号：US696611
申请日：1996-08-14
申请人： Randy B. Osborne
发明人： Randy B. Osborne
IPC分类号： G06F13/12 , H04L12/56 , G06F13/00
CPC分类号： H04L49/901 , G06F13/128 , H04L49/90
摘要： A network interface is used to connect a host computer to a network to allow application programs running on the host computer to access the network. Each application program has a set of queues for handling transmit and receive requests. A network interface having direct application access channels has a set of physical registers for storing a set of pointers to one or more of these queues. The set of registers is multiplexed among several ring queues to provide virtual direct application access channels. Such multiplexing is performed by storing the pointers for each queue in memory, e.g., a local memory of the network interface or memory of the host computer. When a transmit or receive request for a given application is processed by the network interface, the network interface determines which set of pointers to use for a queue for the application and loads the correct set of pointers for the queue from the memory and into the set of registers.
摘要翻译：网络接口用于将主机连接到网络，以允许在主机上运行的应用程序访问网络。每个应用程序都有一组用于处理发送和接收请求的队列。具有直接应用访问信道的网络接口具有一组用于存储一组指向这些队列中的一个或多个的指针的物理寄存器。该组寄存器在多个环形队列之间复用，以提供虚拟直接应用访问通道。通过将每个队列的指针存储在存储器中，例如网络接口的本地存储器或主计算机的存储器来执行这种复用。当由网络接口处理给定应用程序的发送或接收请求时，网络接口确定用于应用程序的队列的哪一组指针，并将正确的队列指针从存储器加载到集合中的寄存器。

8. 发明授权

US5991266A Queue length based ABR flow control system 失效
标题翻译：基于队列长度的ABR流量控制系统
公开(公告)号：US5991266A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-23
申请号：US820554
申请日：1997-03-19
申请人： Qin Zheng
发明人： Qin Zheng
IPC分类号： H04Q3/00 , H04L12/56 , H04Q11/04 , H04J1/16 , H04J3/14
CPC分类号： H04L49/3081 , H04Q11/0478 , H04L2012/5635 , H04L2012/5681
摘要： In an ATM network, a traffic management system is provided to allow simplend effective implementation of rate-based available bit rate, or ABR, flow control at ATM switches, with the subject system using an innovative queue length based approach to calculate the cell rate that a source system can use to send cells. In one embodiment, the cell rate is calculated as an exponential function of the cell queue length at a switch, and the rate value is carried back to a source system via resource management, or RM, cells. The exponential rate calculation function provides a large stability region for a network for better flow control performance than other systems, with the subject system being easy to implement in ATM switches.
摘要翻译：在ATM网络中，提供流量管理系统以允许在ATM交换机上简单有效地实现基于速率的可用比特率或ABR流量控制，其中主体系统使用基于创新的队列长度的方法来计算信元速率源系统可以用来发送信元。在一个实施例中，单元速率被计算为交换机处的小区队列长度的指数函数，并且速率值经由资源管理或RM单元被返回到源系统。指数速率计算功能为网络提供了一个比其他系统更好的流量控制性能的稳定区域，本体系统易于在ATM交换机中实现。

9. 发明授权

US6106299A Systems and methods for constructive-dialogic learning 失效
标题翻译：建设性对话学习的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6106299A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-22
申请号：US997249
申请日：1997-12-23
申请人： Edith Ackermann , Carol Strohecker , Aseem Agarwala
发明人： Edith Ackermann , Carol Strohecker , Aseem Agarwala
IPC分类号： G09B5/02 , G09B5/06 , G09B7/04 , G09B11/00 , G09B19/00
CPC分类号： G09B7/04 , G09B5/02 , G09B5/065
摘要： The present invention relates to a new and useful learning system. A compr-based system permits a user to create and manipulate basic elements within an environment. The system then represents relationships within the environment. The system and user cooperate to provide a learning opportunity for the user. As the user makes or reviews changes of basic elements, he or she can learn how different aspects of an element affect the overall interactions. Two specific embodiments are disclosed. In a first embodiment, the system is used for exploring geometric patterns. The basic elements are tiles which are formed and manipulated through operations of geometric symmetry. The tiles can be combined into different repeating patterns. Multiple tiles can be used within a pattern. Also, new tiles can be created from portions of the pattern. Thus through simple interactions using basic operations and simple parts, complex effects emerge. In a second embodiment, the system is used for exploring a sociodynamic system. The basic elements are creatures with sets of defined behaviors. The system determines interactions between creatures or groups of creatures based upon a complete set of behaviors within the group. The user and the system can manipulate the behaviors, creatures, and interactions. Again, through simple interactions using basic opertions and simple parts, complex effects emerge. Finally, a user interface is disclosed which can be used with the system of the present invention. The interface includes display areas for creation of basic elements, interactions between basic elements, and selectable elements or components of elements. The interface also includes a set of selectable functions for operating on specific basic elements or upon the interactions within the environment.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种新的有用的学习系统。基于计算机的系统允许用户创建和操纵环境中的基本元素。然后系统表示环境中的关系。系统和用户合作为用户提供学习机会。随着用户制作或审查基本元素的更改，他或她可以了解元素的不同方面如何影响整体交互。公开了两个具体实施例。在第一实施例中，系统用于探索几何图案。基本元素是通过几何对称的操作形成和操纵的瓦片。瓦片可以组合成不同的重复图案。可以在图案中使用多个图块。此外，可以从图案的部分创建新的图块。因此，通过使用基本操作和简单部件的简单交互，复杂的效果出现。在第二实施例中，该系统用于探索社会动力系统。基本元素是具有一组定义行为的生物。该系统基于组内的完整行为确定生物或生物群组之间的相互作用。用户和系统可以操纵行为，生物和交互。再次，通过使用基本操作和简单部件的简单交互，复杂的效果出现。最后，公开了可以与本发明的系统一起使用的用户界面。该界面包括用于创建基本元素的显示区域，基本元素之间的交互以及元素的可选元素或元件。该接口还包括一组可选功能，用于对特定的基本元素进行操作或者在环境中进行交互。

10. 发明授权

US5909546A Network interface having support for allowing remote operations with reply that bypass host computer interaction 失效
公开(公告)号：US5909546A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-01
申请号：US614834
申请日：1996-03-08
申请人： Randy B. Osborne
发明人： Randy B. Osborne
IPC分类号： G06F13/00 , G06F13/12 , H04L12/56 , H04Q3/00 , G06F15/16
CPC分类号： G06F13/128 , H04L49/90
摘要： A network interface for a connection-based communication network has support for remote operations with reply, such as a remote read operation, that bypass host computer interaction. Such a network interface has support for general message processing operations which bypass host processor involvement. Message processing is low level processing of message between the host computer and the network. Such processing is performed on transmission in response to control information provided by the host and is performed on reception in response to control information included in incoming messages. Message processing includes low latency remote read and remote write operations, message filtering, and message demultiplexing. Such a network interface handles incoming messages containing destination control information indicating an operation to be performed, and possibly one or more operands. The network interface processes destination control information from a received message using a message coprocessor or equivalent operational logic. For such a network interface to support message processing, it includes mechanisms for extracting destination control information from a message and for inserting destination control information into a message. The network interface maintains information for each connection that indicates where the destination control information is located in any message received or transmitted over the connection. By providing for a queue of transmit requests between the receive and transmit sides on the network interface, support is provided for remote read operations or other operations invoking a reply which bypass the host processor. The queue can be appended by the receive side in response to a message processing operation performed on a received message. The queue is read by the transmit side to generate an outgoing message as if the queue provided transmit requests like the host computer.

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