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1. 发明授权

US6052520A Process for predicting behavior of a subterranean formation 有权
标题翻译：预测地下地层行为的过程
公开(公告)号：US6052520A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-18
申请号：US245983
申请日：1999-02-05
申请人： James W. Watts, III
发明人： James W. Watts, III
IPC分类号： E21B49/00 , G01V11/00 , G06F17/50 , G06F19/00 , G01V1/00 , G06T17/50
CPC分类号： G06F17/5018 , E21B49/00 , G01V11/00 , G06F2217/16
摘要： A method is disclosed of predicting a characteristic of a fluid-containing physical system such as a reservoir. The physical system is discretized to a plurality of gridcells. For each gridcell, nonlinear governing equations are constructed that are representative of fluid properties for each fluid. The nonlinear terms are linearized to derive linear equations at a current timestep. The linear equations are then solved to determine estimates of the solution. The estimated solution is then improved by a gridcell-by-gridcell computation wherein flows into and out of a particular gridcell are determined using linearized values of nonlinear terms in gridcells adjacent that particular gridcell. The improved solution is used to predict a property of a fluid in the physical system at end of the timestep. These calculation steps are repeated for a plurality of timesteps and the results are used to predict a property of the physical system and the fluids it contains as a function of time.
摘要翻译：公开了一种预测诸如储存器的含液体物理系统的特性的方法。物理系统离散化为多个网格单元。对于每个网格单元，构造了表示每个流体的流体特性的非线性控制方程。线性化的非线性项目以在当前时间步长上导出线性方程。然后求解线性方程式以确定解的估计。然后通过网格逐网格计算来改进估计的解决方案，其中流入和流出特定网格单元的流量是使用与特定网格单元相邻的网格单元中的非线性项的线性化值来确定的。改进的解决方案用于在时间步骤结束时预测物理系统中的流体的属性。对于多个时间步骤重复这些计算步骤，并且结果用于预测物理系统及其包含的流体的属性作为时间的函数。

2. 发明授权

US5978314A Method for determining seismic velocities 失效
标题翻译：确定地震速度的方法
公开(公告)号：US5978314A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-02
申请号：US821551
申请日：1997-03-21
申请人： Long Don Pham
发明人： Long Don Pham
IPC分类号： G01V1/30 , G01V1/36
CPC分类号： G01V1/303
摘要： A method for determining a substantially optimal NMO velocity function for use in stacking a CMP gather of seismic data traces. The method begins with an initial estimate of the NMO velocity function for the CMP gather. This initial estimate is typically determined through conventional seismic velocity analysis. The method then picks a first velocity-traveltime pair falling on the initial estimate of the NMO velocity function and conducts a two-dimensional interpolative search of trial velocity-traveltime pairs in the neighborhood of the pick to find a substantially optimal velocity-traveltime pair. This substantially optimal velocity-traveltime pair is the trial velocity-traveltime pair having the highest stack response and is substituted for the pick in the NMO velocity function. The method then proceeds to find substantially optimal velocity-traveltime pairs to replace each of the other picks on the initial estimate of the NMO velocity function. Preferably, the two-dimensional interpolative search consists of a one-dimensional parabolic interpolative search to identify the optimal velocity for each computational time within a specified time window, followed by a one-dimensional search to select one of these optimal velocities which, together with its corresponding computational time, becomes the substantially optimal velocity-traveltime pair for the pick in question.
摘要翻译：一种用于确定用于堆叠地震数据轨迹的CMP集合的基本上最佳的NMO速度函数的方法。该方法从CMP聚集的NMO速度函数的初始估计开始。这个初步估计通常是通过传统的地震速度分析来确定的。然后，该方法选择落在NMO速度函数的初始估计上的第一速度 - 旅行时间对，并且对拾取附近的试验速度 - 行进时间对进行二维内插搜索，以找到基本上最佳的速度 - 行进时间对。这个基本上最佳的速度 - 旅行时间对是具有最高堆栈响应的试验速度 - 旅行时间对，并且代替NMO速度函数中的选取。然后，该方法继续找到基本上最佳的速度 - 旅行时间对来替代NMO速度函数的初始估计上的其他选择中的每一个。优选地，二维内插搜索由一维抛物线内插搜索组成，以在指定时间窗内为每个计算时间识别最佳速度，随后进行一维搜索以选择这些最佳速度中的一个，其连同其对应的计算时间成为所讨论的拾取器的基本上最佳的速度 - 行进时间对。

3. 发明授权

US5944195A Method for separation of solids from drilling fluids by magnetic separation and centrifugation 失效
标题翻译：通过磁力分离和离心分离固体与钻井液的方法
公开(公告)号：US5944195A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-31
申请号：US675470
申请日：1996-07-03
申请人： Pin Y. Huang , Yuh-Hwang Tsao , Janardhan Davalath
发明人： Pin Y. Huang , Yuh-Hwang Tsao , Janardhan Davalath
IPC分类号： B01D21/00 , B03C1/00 , E21B21/06 , E21B41/00 , B03C1/30 , C09K7/00
CPC分类号： E21B41/005 , B01D21/0009 , B01D21/2488 , B01D21/262 , B03C1/002 , E21B21/06 , B01D2221/04
摘要： A method is disclosed for treating drilling mud discharged from a well wherein the mud contains drill cuttings and paramagnetic materials such as hematite. The drilling mud is first passed through a high-gradient magnetic separator to separate the paramagnetic materials from the drilling mud. The drilling mud is then passed through a centrifuge separator to remove the drill cuttings from the drilling mud.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于处理从井排出的钻井泥浆的方法，其中泥浆含有钻屑和顺磁材料如赤铁矿。钻井泥浆首先通过高梯度磁选机将顺磁材料与钻井泥浆分离。然后将钻井泥浆通过离心机分离器以从钻井泥浆中移除钻屑。

4. 发明授权

US5917160A Single well system for mapping sources of acoustic energy 失效
标题翻译：用于映射声能源的单井系统
公开(公告)号：US5917160A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-29
申请号：US028226
申请日：1998-02-23
申请人： Jeffrey R. Bailey
发明人： Jeffrey R. Bailey
IPC分类号： G01S5/20 , G01V1/42 , G01V1/52 , G01V1/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/42 , G01S5/20 , G01V1/52
摘要： Apparatus and method for determining the location of the source of seismic energy around a well are provided. Multiple seismic receivers, each receiver having orthogonal seismic sensors, are axially spaced on a tool which is capable of sending real-time seismic signals to the surface. A method for calculating the location with respect to the receivers is also provided.
摘要翻译：提供了用于确定围绕井的地震能源的位置的装置和方法。具有正交地震传感器的每个接收器的多个地震接收器在能够向地面发送实时地震信号的工具上轴向间隔开。还提供了一种用于计算相对于接收器的位置的方法。

5. 发明授权

US5781503A Method for attenuating surface wavetrains in seismic data 失效
标题翻译：地震数据衰减表面瓦斯的方法
公开(公告)号：US5781503A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-14
申请号：US790947
申请日：1997-01-29
申请人： Young C. Kim
发明人： Young C. Kim
IPC分类号： G01V1/36 , G01V1/28
CPC分类号： G01V1/36 , G01V2210/32
摘要： A method for attenuating source-generated surface wavetrains in a set of seismic data traces. According to the method, the seismic data traces are Fourier transformed with respect to time to determine the frequency components of the surface wavetrain. A phase matching operation is then performed using estimates of the wavenumbers for each of the frequency components to approximately align the surface wavetrain in the seismic data traces. Next, a spatial low-pass filter is used to remove the approximately aligned surface wavetrain. Finally, the phase matching is removed and an inverse Fourier transformation is performed to return the seismic data traces to the time domain.
摘要翻译：一种用于在一组地震数据轨迹中衰减源生成的表面波长的方法。根据该方法，地震数据轨迹相对于时间进行傅里叶变换，以确定表面波纹的频率分量。然后使用每个频率分量的波数的估计来执行相位匹配操作，以近似地对准地震数据迹线中的表面波形。接下来，使用空间低通滤波器去除大致对准的表面波纹。最后，去除相位匹配，并执行逆傅里叶变换以将地震数据轨迹返回到时域。

6. 发明授权

US5742560A Seismic imaging using wave equation extrapolation 失效
标题翻译：使用波动方程外推的地震成像
公开(公告)号：US5742560A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-21
申请号：US707574
申请日：1996-09-04
申请人： Jerome R. Krebs
发明人： Jerome R. Krebs
IPC分类号： G01V1/28 , G01V1/42
CPC分类号： G01V1/42 , G01V1/28 , G01V2210/161 , G01V2210/57
摘要： A method for producing seismic images from seismic data obtained from two different datums. Traveltimes between the two datums are determined from either measurements or an assumed velocity field. An extrapolation of the data to simulated source and receiver locations is carried out using any form of the wave equation which does not require velocity field information. After extrapolation, the data at the simulated source and receiver locations is processed using standard seismic imaging techniques. The method can be applied to simulate borehole, crosshole, or multi-borehole seismic data.
摘要翻译：一种从两个不同基准得到的地震数据生成地震图像的方法。两个基准之间的行进时间由测量值或假定的速度场确定。使用不需要速度场信息的任何形式的波动方程来进行数据到模拟源和接收器位置的外插。在外推之后，使用标准地震成像技术处理模拟源和接收器位置的数据。该方法可应用于模拟钻孔，十字孔或多井地震数据。

7. 发明授权

US5640368A Migration velocity analysis using limited-aperture and monte carlo migration 失效
标题翻译：使用有限孔径和蒙特卡罗迁移的迁移速度分析
公开(公告)号：US5640368A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-17
申请号：US97817
申请日：1993-07-26
申请人： Jerome R. Krebs
发明人： Jerome R. Krebs
IPC分类号： G01V1/30 , G01V1/36
CPC分类号： G01V1/303
摘要： Disclosed is a method for efficiently and accurately determining subsurface velocities for use in migration of seismic data. The method calls for restricting the number of traces considered to those lying upon that portion of the Kirchhoff summation curve wherein the integrand for Kirchhoff migration is smooth. In the preferred embodiment, only a random sample of traces within this aperture are used in the calculations. Improvements in efficiency on the order of a factor of 1000 can be realized with the preferred embodiment.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于有效和准确地确定用于地震数据迁移的地下速度的方法。该方法要求限制考虑到Kirchhoff求和曲线部分的痕迹的数量，其中Kirchhoff迁移的被积函数是平滑的。在优选实施例中，在计算中仅使用该孔内的随机痕迹样本。优选实施例可以实现1000倍的效率的提高。

8. 发明授权

US5629905A Method of datuming seismic data and method of processing seismic data 失效
标题翻译：地震资料数据化方法及地震数据处理方法
公开(公告)号：US5629905A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-13
申请号：US127297
申请日：1993-09-24
申请人： Yiu-Wa A. Lau
发明人： Yiu-Wa A. Lau
IPC分类号： G01V1/36
CPC分类号： G01V1/36
摘要： Disclosed is a method of datuming seismic trace data from a first horizon to a lower second subsurface horizon, both located above a target horizon. A seismic source and receiver are positioned along the first horizon and each assigned a coordinate representing a position along the first horizon. The seismic trace data includes both header information and seismic data. The header information includes the coordinates assigned to the source and receiver. The seismic data is a record of reflection amplitude versus travel time of a seismic signal traveling from the source, downward through and intersecting the second horizon at a downward intersection point, reflecting upward from the target horizon, upward through and intersecting the second horizon at an upward intersection point, and upward to the receiver. The method generally includes determining for both the downward upward intersection points, coordinates along the second horizon corresponding to positions along the second horizon. The header information will now include these coordinates along the second horizon. Additionally, disclosed is a method of processing seismic trace data, in which datumed seismic trace data, datumed by any method or as described above, is now processed utilizing surface consistent algorithms to remove the effect of the subsurface between the first and second horizon.
摘要翻译：公开了一种将地震迹线数据从位于目标水平线上方的第一水平线到下部第二地下水平线的数据的方法。地震源和接收器沿着第一水平线定位，并且每个地震源和接收器分配表示沿着第一水平线的位置的坐标。地震迹线数据包括报头信息和地震数据。标题信息包括分配给源和接收器的坐标。地震数据是地震信号从源头向下穿过并与第二水平线相交的反射幅度与行进时间的记录，向下交叉点，从目标水平线向上反射，向上穿过并与第二水平线相交，向上交叉点，并向上接收。该方法通常包括确定向下的向上交叉点，沿着与沿着第二水平线的位置相对应的沿着第二水平线的坐标。标题信息现在将包括沿着第二层的这些坐标。此外，公开了一种处理地震迹线数据的方法，其中使用表面一致算法来处理由任何方法或如上所述的数据化地震迹线数据，以消除第一和第二地平线之间的地下影响。

9. 发明授权

US5583825A Method for deriving reservoir lithology and fluid content from pre-stack inversion of seismic data 失效
标题翻译：从地震数据叠前反演得出储层岩性和流体含量的方法
公开(公告)号：US5583825A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-10
申请号：US300661
申请日：1994-09-02
申请人： James J. Carrazzone , David Chang , Catherine Lewis , Pravin M. Shah , David Y. Wang
发明人： James J. Carrazzone , David Chang , Catherine Lewis , Pravin M. Shah , David Y. Wang
IPC分类号： G01V1/28 , G01V1/30 , G01V1/40 , G01V1/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/306 , G01V1/288
摘要： A method for deriving reservoir lithology and fluid content for a target location from pre-stack seismic reflection data. The method uses inversion of pre-stack seismic reflection data for both the target location and a calibration location having known subsurface lithology and fluid content to derive the subsurface lithology and fluid content at the target location. The inversion process is preferably a viscoelastic inversion to account for the effects of friction on seismic wave propagation. The results of the inversion process are a set of subsurface elastic parameters for both the target and calibration locations. Relative magnitudes of these subsurface elastic parameters are compared, together with the known subsurface lithology and fluid content at the calibration location, to derive the subsurface lithology and fluid content at the target location.
摘要翻译：一种从堆叠前地震反射数据推导目标位置的储层岩性和流体含量的方法。该方法对目标位置和具有已知地下岩性和流体含量的校准位置使用叠前地震反射数据的反演，以导出目标位置处的地下岩性和流体含量。反演过程优选是考虑摩擦对地震波传播的影响的粘弹性反演。反演过程的结果是用于目标和校准位置的一组地下弹性参数。将这些地下弹性参数的相对幅度与校准位置处的已知地下岩性和流体含量进行比较，以得出目标位置处的地下岩性和流体含量。

10. 发明授权

US5517463A Method of determining optimal seismic multistreamer spacing 失效
标题翻译：确定最优地震多流间距的方法
公开(公告)号：US5517463A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-14
申请号：US327120
申请日：1994-10-21
申请人： Scott C. Hornbostel , Stanley V. Morris
发明人： Scott C. Hornbostel , Stanley V. Morris
IPC分类号： G01V1/20 , G01V1/38 , H04B17/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/3808 , G01V1/20
摘要： Disclosed is a method of determining the optimal spacing of seismic receiver lines, including marine streamers. A weighted squared error function is defined between a desired array response function and an actual response function, and the error function is minimized to determine the values of crossline offsets between streamers as well as the depths of the streamers in a configuration to minimize out-of-plane signal effects, for example.
摘要翻译：公开了一种确定地震接收机线路（包括海洋拖缆）的最佳间距的方法。在期望的阵列响应函数和实际响应函数之间定义加权平方误差函数，并且最小化误差函数以确定拖缆之间的交叉线偏移的值以及配置中的拖缆的深度以使外部平面信号效应。

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