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1. 发明授权

US09135171B2 Method for improving save and restore performance in virtual machine systems 有权
标题翻译：改进虚拟机系统中保存和恢复性能的方法
公开(公告)号：US09135171B2
公开(公告)日：2015-09-15
申请号：US12834962
申请日：2010-07-13
申请人： Yury Baskakov , Alexander Thomas Garthwaite , Jesse Pool , Carl A. Waldspurger , Rajesh Venkatasubramanian , Ishan Banerjee
发明人： Yury Baskakov , Alexander Thomas Garthwaite , Jesse Pool , Carl A. Waldspurger , Rajesh Venkatasubramanian , Ishan Banerjee
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F12/08 , G06F11/14 , G06F12/10 , G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F12/08 , G06F11/1448 , G06F12/10 , G06F2009/45583 , G06F2212/151 , G06F2212/401 , G06F2221/0782
摘要： Page data of a virtual machine is represented for efficient save and restore operations. One form of representation applies to each page with an easily identifiable pattern. The page is described, saved, and restored in terms of metadata reflective of the pattern rather than a complete page of data reflecting the pattern. During a save or restore operation, however, the metadata of the page is represented, but not the page data. Another form of representation applies to each page sharing a canonical instance of a complex pattern that is instantiated in memory during execution, and explicitly saved and restored. Each page sharing the canonical page is saved and restored as a metadata reference, without the need to actually save redundant copies of the page data.
摘要翻译：虚拟机的页面数据被表示为有效的保存和恢复操作。一种形式的表示适用于每个页面，具有容易识别的模式。根据反映模式的元数据来描述，保存和恢复页面，而不是反映模式的完整数据页面。然而，在保存或恢复操作期间，表示页面的元数据，而不是页面数据。另一种形式的表示适用于共享在执行期间在内存中实例化的复杂模式的规范实例的每个页面，并显式地保存和恢复。共享规范页面的每个页面将作为元数据引用进行保存和恢复，而无需实际保存页面数据的冗余副本。

2. 发明授权

US08694728B2 Efficient online construction of miss rate curves 有权
标题翻译：有效率在线构建失误率曲线
公开(公告)号：US08694728B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-08
申请号：US12942765
申请日：2010-11-09
申请人： Carl A. Waldspurger , Rajesh Venkatasubramanian , Alexander Thomas Garthwaite , Yury Baskakov , Puneet Zaroo
发明人： Carl A. Waldspurger , Rajesh Venkatasubramanian , Alexander Thomas Garthwaite , Yury Baskakov , Puneet Zaroo
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/122 , G06F9/45558 , G06F11/3471 , G06F12/123 , G06F2009/45583 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2201/88
摘要： Miss rate curves are constructed in a resource-efficient manner so that they can be constructed and memory management decisions can be made while the workloads are running. The resource-efficient technique includes the steps of selecting a subset of memory pages for the workload, maintaining a least recently used (LRU) data structure for the selected memory pages, detecting accesses to the selected memory pages and updating the LRU data structure in response to the detected accesses, and generating data for constructing a miss-rate curve for the workload using the LRU data structure. After a memory page is accessed, the memory page may be left untraced for a period of time, after which the memory page is retraced.
摘要翻译：错误率曲线以资源有效的方式构建，以便可以构建它们，并且可以在工作负载运行时进行内存管理决策。资源有效的技术包括以下步骤：为工作负载选择存储器页面的子集，维护所选择的存储器页面的最近最少使用的（LRU）数据结构，检测对所选择的存储器页面的访问以及响应地更新LRU数据结构并且使用LRU数据结构生成用于构建工作负载的错过率曲线的数据。在访问存储器页面之后，存储器页面可以保持未被跟踪一段时间，之后再回读存储器页面。

3. 发明授权

US09152573B2 Sharing memory pages having regular expressions within a virtual machine 有权
标题翻译：在虚拟机中共享具有正则表达式的内存页
公开(公告)号：US09152573B2
公开(公告)日：2015-10-06
申请号：US13298214
申请日：2011-11-16
申请人： Yury Baskakov , Alexander Thomas Garthwaite
发明人： Yury Baskakov , Alexander Thomas Garthwaite
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F12/10
CPC分类号： G06F9/45558 , G06F12/109 , G06F2009/45583 , G06F2212/151 , G06F2212/656
摘要： A lightweight technique for sharing memory pages within a virtual machine (VM) is provided. This technique can be used on its own to implement intra-VM page sharing or it can be augmented with sharing across VMs. Memory pages whose content can be described by some succinct grammar, such as a regular expression or simple pattern, are identified for sharing within a VM. If the content of a page matches some simple pattern, it is proposed to share such a page, but only in the scope of the VM to which it belongs, i.e., intra-VM sharing. All other pages, i.e., those that are not simple patterns, can be candidates for sharing in the scope of all currently active VMs, i.e., inter-VM sharing. Either fully functional page sharing across VMs and/or page sharing in the context of each VM can be implemented.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于在虚拟机（VM）内共享内存页面的轻量级技术。该技术可以自行使用来实现VM内页面共享，也可以通过跨VM共享进行扩充。可以通过一些简洁的语法（如正则表达式或简单模式）描述其内容的内存页面，以便在VM内共享。如果页面的内容匹配一些简单的模式，则建议共享这样的页面，但是仅在它所属的VM的范围内，即VM内共享。所有其他页面，即不是简单模式的页面，可以是用于在所有当前活动的VM（即，VM间共享）的范围内共享的候选者。可以实现在每个VM的上下文中跨VM的全功能页面共享和/或页面共享。

4. 发明授权

US08583875B1 Efficient readable ballooning of guest memory by backing balloon pages with a shared page 有权
标题翻译：通过使用共享页面支持气球页面来高效地读取客户机内存空间
公开(公告)号：US08583875B1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-12
申请号：US12835303
申请日：2010-07-13
申请人： Alexander Thomas Garthwaite , Yury Baskakov
发明人： Alexander Thomas Garthwaite , Yury Baskakov
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/4881 , G06F9/5016
摘要： Methods, systems, and computer programs for managing physical memory in a host of a virtual infrastructure are presented. One method includes an operation for detecting that a guest physical page (GPP) of a virtual machine (VM) is a balloon page. The GPP, previously mapped to a machine page (MP), is re-mapped to a shared page of memory in order to free the MP, such that a read to the GPP causes a read to the shared page of memory. Further, the method includes an operation for detecting a write to the shared page of memory after the re-mapping of the GPP to the shared page, where the write to the shared page is caused by a write to the GPP. After detecting the write, all balloon pages created by the VM are reset in order to reset the balloon application in the VM.
摘要翻译：呈现用于管理虚拟基础设施的主机中的物理内存的方法，系统和计算机程序。一种方法包括用于检测虚拟机（VM）的客体物理页（GPP）是气球页的操作。先前映射到机器页面（MP）的GPP被重新映射到内存的共享页面，以便释放MP，以便读取GPP会读取内存的共享页面。此外，该方法包括在将GPP重新映射到共享页面之后检测对存储器的共享页面的写入的操作，其中对共享页面的写入是由对GPP的写入引起的。在检测到写入之后，由VM创建的所有气球页面都将重置，以便重置VM中的气球应用程序。

5. 发明授权

US09529728B2 Method for improving memory system performance in virtual machine systems 有权
标题翻译：提高虚拟机系统性能的方法
公开(公告)号：US09529728B2
公开(公告)日：2016-12-27
申请号：US12900271
申请日：2010-10-07
申请人： Yury Baskakov , Alexander Garthwaite , Jesse Pool
发明人： Yury Baskakov , Alexander Garthwaite , Jesse Pool
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F12/10
CPC分类号： G06F3/061 , G06F3/065 , G06F3/0662 , G06F3/0673 , G06F12/10 , G06F2212/151 , G06F2212/65 , G06F2212/656
摘要： Updating contents of certain memory pages in a virtual machine system is deferred until they are needed. Specifically, certain page update operations are deferred until the page is accessed for a load or store operation. Each page within the virtual machine system includes associated metadata, which includes a page signature characterizing the contents of a corresponding page or a reference to a page with canonical contents, and a flag that indicates the page needs to be updated before being accessed. The metadata may also include a flag to indicate that a backing store of the memory page has contents of a known content class. When such a memory page is mapped to a shared page with contents of that known content class, a flag in the metadata to indicate that contents of the memory page needs to be updated is not set.
摘要翻译：更新虚拟机系统中某些内存页的内容将被延迟，直到需要。具体来说，某些页面更新操作将被延迟，直到访问页面以进行加载或存储操作。虚拟机系统内的每个页面包括关联的元数据，其包括表征对应页面的内容的页面签名或具有规范内容的页面的引用，以及指示页面在被访问之前需要被更新的标志。元数据还可以包括用于指示存储器页的后备存储具有已知内容类的内容的标志。当这样的存储器页面被映射到具有该已知内容类的内容的共享页面时，不设置用于指示存储器页面的内容需要被更新的元数据中的标志。

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