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1. 发明授权

US4923753A Controlled-release compositions for acids 失效
标题翻译：酸的控释组合物
公开(公告)号：US4923753A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-08
申请号：US30957
申请日：1987-03-26
申请人： Wilhelm E. Walles , Donald L. Tomkinson
发明人： Wilhelm E. Walles , Donald L. Tomkinson
IPC分类号： B01J4/04 , B01J13/04
CPC分类号： C09K8/72 , B01J13/04 , B01J4/04 , Y10S507/902 , Y10S507/933 , Y10T428/2989
摘要： A controlled release composition for use with liquid acids, and a method of preparation is disclosed. The composition comprises (1) a porous matrix comprising and substantially inert to an absorbed acid; (2) a midlayer surrounding the matrix, this midlayer consisting essentially of a salt of the absorbed acid; and (3) a membrane surrounding the matrix, the membrane being exterior of the midlayer, the membrane further being substantially inert to the midlayer and permeable to a selected environment, the thickness and permeability of the membrane comprising means for controlling diffusion of the environment therethrough.The midlayer can be applied as a coating to the acid-bearing matrix, or it can be evolved by exposing the acid-bearing matrix to a base such as ammonia gas or a solid metal oxide for a time sufficient to allow reaction of a proportion of the acid at or near the surface of the matrix with the base to form a layer of the corresponding salt.

2. 发明授权

US4902493A Process for the generation of sulfur trioxide reagent and sulfonation of the surface of polymeric resins 失效
标题翻译：用于生成三氧化硫试剂和磺化聚合树脂表面的方法
公开(公告)号：US4902493A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-20
申请号：US190312
申请日：1988-05-04
申请人： Wilhelm E. Walles , David R. Near , Donald L. Tomkinson
发明人： Wilhelm E. Walles , David R. Near , Donald L. Tomkinson
IPC分类号： C01B17/69
CPC分类号： C01B17/69 , Y02P20/582
摘要： The present invention provides a process for generating a reagent of sulfur trioxide in a carrier. A source of sulfur trioxide, a carrier, and oleum are introduced into a reagent generator. The sulfur trioxide, carrier, and oleum are then contacted to provide a reagent of sulfur trioxide in the carrier. Separate oleum and sulfur trioxide in carrier phases are formed, and oleum is removed from the reagent generator. The sulfur trioxide in carrier reagent is then ready to be used, preferably in a process to treat the surfaces of polymeric resin material such as medical devices fabricated from a variety of polymeric resins. The carrier may be either a liquid halocarbon solution or an inert gas.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种在载体中产生三氧化硫试剂的方法。将三氧化硫源，载体和发烟硫酸的源引入试剂发生器中。然后将三氧化硫，载体和发烟硫酸接触以在载体中提供三氧化硫的试剂。形成载体相中分离的发烟硫酸和三氧化硫，从试剂发生器中除去发烟硫酸。然后可以使用载体试剂中的三氧化硫，优选在处理聚合树脂材料的表面的方法，例如由各种聚合物树脂制成的医疗装置。载体可以是液体卤代烃溶液或惰性气体。

3. 发明授权

US4915912A Apparatus for the generation of sulfur trioxide reagent and sulfonation of the surface of polymeric resins 失效
标题翻译：用于产生三氧化硫试剂和磺化聚合物树脂表面的装置
公开(公告)号：US4915912A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-10
申请号：US190313
申请日：1988-05-04
申请人： Wilhelm E. Walles , Donald L. Tomkinson
发明人： Wilhelm E. Walles , Donald L. Tomkinson
IPC分类号： C01B17/69
CPC分类号： C01B17/69
摘要： The present invention provides an apparatus for generating a reagent of sulfur trioxide in a carrier which includes a reagent generator. The reagent generator has associated therewith means for introducing a source of sulfur trioxide into the reagent generator, means for introducing a carrier such as a liquid halocarbon or an inert gas into the reagent generator, and means for introducing oleum into the reagent generator. The reagent generator also includes means for contacting the sulfur trioxide, carrier, and oleum to provide a reagent of sulfur trioxide in the carrier. Additionally, the system includes means for removing oleum from the reagent generator, as well as means for removing the reagent from the reagent generator. In a preferred embodiment, the system for generating the reagent also includes, in conjunction with the reagent generator, a treatment chamber for the surface treatment of polymer resins including medical products which have polymeric resin material on exposed surfaces thereof.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种用于在载体中产生三氧化硫试剂的装置，其包括试剂发生器。试剂发生器具有用于将三氧化硫源引入试剂发生器的装置，用于将诸如液体卤化碳或惰性气体的载体引入试剂发生器的装置，以及将发烟硫酸引入试剂发生器的装置。试剂发生器还包括用于使三氧化硫，载体和发烟硫酸接触以在载体中提供三氧化硫试剂的装置。此外，该系统包括用于从试剂发生器中除去发烟硫酸的装置，以及用于从试剂发生器中除去试剂的装置。在优选实施例中，用于产生试剂的系统还包括与试剂发生器结合的用于表面处理聚合物树脂的处理室，包括在其暴露表面上具有聚合树脂材料的医疗产品。

4. 发明授权

US4756844A Controlled-release composition having a membrane comprising submicron particles 失效
标题翻译：具有包含亚微米颗粒的膜的控制释放组合物
公开(公告)号：US4756844A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-12
申请号：US947111
申请日：1986-12-29
申请人： Wilhelm E. Walles , Donald L. Tomkinson
发明人： Wilhelm E. Walles , Donald L. Tomkinson
IPC分类号： A01N25/26 , C09B67/02 , C09B67/08 , C11D17/00 , C11D17/04 , C11D3/39 , B32B5/16 , C11D7/18
CPC分类号： A01N25/26 , C09B67/0004 , C09B67/0097 , C11D17/0039 , C11D17/041 , Y10T428/2985 , Y10T428/2987 , Y10T428/2989
摘要： Novel controlled-release compositions are disclosed. These compositions comprise: (1) an agent suitable for use in a selected environment; and (2) a membrane surrounding this agent. The membrane is substantially inert to the agent and permeable to the environment, its thickness and permeability comprising a means for controlling diffusion of the environment therethrough. The membrane thickness is substantially uniform due to the presence of a quantity of submicron particles therein, these particles being substantially inert to the membrane and the agent. The membrane comprising the submicron particles is capable of releasing the agent to the selected environment at a predetermined time by a variety of mechanisms. The release mechanisms that may be selected for use with a composition will depend in part on the choices of agent, membrane, and submicron particle materials, as well as on the choice of environment into which the composition is to be introduced.
摘要翻译：公开了新的控制释放组合物。这些组合物包括：（1）适合在选择的环境中使用的试剂; 和（2）围绕该试剂的膜。膜对试剂基本上是惰性的并且对环境是可渗透的，其厚度和渗透性包括用于控制环境扩散的装置。由于其中存在一定量的亚微米颗粒，膜厚度基本均匀，这些颗粒对膜和试剂基本上是惰性的。包含亚微米颗粒的膜能够通过各种机制在预定时间将试剂释放到所选择的环境中。可以选择用于组合物的释放机理部分地取决于试剂，膜和亚微米颗粒材料的选择，以及组合物将被引入其中的环境的选择。

5. 发明授权

US4741401A Method for treating subterranean formations 失效
标题翻译：处理地层的方法
公开(公告)号：US4741401A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-03
申请号：US4385
申请日：1987-01-16
申请人： Wilhelm E. Walles , Trevor D. Williamson , Donald L. Tomkinson
发明人： Wilhelm E. Walles , Trevor D. Williamson , Donald L. Tomkinson
IPC分类号： C09K8/68 , C09K8/70 , C09K8/92 , E21B43/26
CPC分类号： C09K8/706 , C09K8/685 , C09K8/92 , E21B43/26 , Y10S507/902 , Y10S507/921 , Y10S507/922
摘要： Control release capsules comprising a breaker contained within a enclosure member are employed to break fracturing fluids. The enclosure member is permeable to at least one fluid in the subterranean formation or injected with the capsules such that upon sufficient exposure to the fluid, the capsules rupture, thereby releasing the breaker to the formation. In such manner, the release of the breaker can be conducted in a controlled manner. In addition, the entire amount of breaker introduced into the formation is released.
摘要翻译：包括包含在外壳构件内的断路器的控制释放胶囊用于破裂压裂流体。外壳构件对地下地层中的至少一种流体是可渗透的或注射到胶囊中，使得在充分暴露于流体时，胶囊破裂，从而将破坏剂释放到地层中。以这种方式，可以以受控的方式进行断路器的释放。此外，释放引入地层的全部破碎剂。

6. 发明授权

US4775587A Treatment of the interior surfaces of resinous enclosure members 失效
标题翻译：处理树脂封闭构件的内表面
公开(公告)号：US4775587A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-04
申请号：US868930
申请日：1986-05-30
申请人： Wilhelm E. Walles
发明人： Wilhelm E. Walles
IPC分类号： C08J7/14 , B32B3/26
CPC分类号： C08J7/14 , Y10T428/1314 , Y10T428/249954 , Y10T428/249986 , Y10T428/24999
摘要： Plastic containers are treated to provide increased barrier properties to organics and gases such as oxygen by treating the interior surface of the container with SO.sub.3 gas. The SO.sub.3 gas is provided by inserting a solid pellet of poly-SO.sub.3 into the container and evaporating the SO.sub.3 such as with microwave energy. A solid neutralizing agent such as ammonium carbonate is then placed into the container and evaporated with microwave energy to form ammonia which neutralizes the sulfonic acid groups on the surface interior of the container.
摘要翻译：处理塑料容器以通过用SO 3气体处理容器的内表面来为有机物和气体例如氧提供增强的阻隔性能。通过将SO 3的固体颗粒插入容器并用微波能量蒸发SO 3来提供SO 3气体。然后将固体中和剂如碳酸铵放入容器中并用微波能量蒸发以形成中和容器表面内部的磺酸基团的氨。

7. 发明授权

US4260225A Energy saving radiant insulative device 失效
标题翻译：节能辐射绝缘装置
公开(公告)号：US4260225A
公开(公告)日：1981-04-07
申请号：US49777
申请日：1979-06-18
申请人： Wilhelm E. Walles
发明人： Wilhelm E. Walles
IPC分类号： E06B3/67 , G02F1/01 , G05D23/01 , B32B1/06
CPC分类号： F24J2/407 , E06B3/6722 , G02F1/0147 , G05D23/01 , Y02B10/20 , Y02E10/40
摘要： A device containing a normally transparent polymeric fluid which becomes sufficiently less transparent at a preselected temperature to reduce the transmission of light and radiant heat therethrough is provided. The conversion of the polymeric fluid from a transparent to a less transparent state is reversible and is a physical transformation which can be repeated an infinite number of times. For example, an enclosure member of a transparent film of a polymer such as polystyrene or polycarbonate which encloses a solution of a polymer with inverse solubility in the solvent, such as polyvinyl oxazolidinone in water, is usefully employed in office buildings and homes for the control of temperature within a desired range, thereby reducing the amounts of energy consumption.
摘要翻译：提供了一种装置，其包含通常透明的聚合物流体，其在预选温度下变得足够少透明度，以减少光和透射热的透过。将聚合物流体从透明状态转化为较不透明的状态是可逆的，并且是能够无限次重复的物理转化。例如，聚合物（例如聚苯乙烯或聚碳酸酯）的透明膜的封闭构件包围在溶剂中具有相反溶解度的聚合物溶液，例如在水中的聚乙烯基恶唑烷酮，可用于办公楼和家庭用于控制的温度在期望的范围内，从而减少能量消耗量。

8. 发明授权

US4220739A Method for sulfonating organic materials 失效
标题翻译：磺化有机材料的方法
公开(公告)号：US4220739A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-02
申请号：US928666
申请日：1978-07-28
申请人： Wilhelm E. Walles
发明人： Wilhelm E. Walles
IPC分类号： C08F8/36 , C08F8/34
CPC分类号： C08F8/36
摘要： Organic materials such as polyethylene, polystyrene and polypropylene are more efficiently sulfonated by contacting them with an essentially dry gaseous mixture of sulfur trioxide and chlorine. Sulfonated organic polymers prepared by this process are adhesive, antistatic and highly impermeable to oleophilic materials such as gasoline, and common hydrocarbon solvents.
摘要翻译：有机材料如聚乙烯，聚苯乙烯和聚丙烯通过使其与三氧化硫和氯的基本上干燥的气体混合物接触而更有效地磺化。通过该方法制备的磺化有机聚合物是亲油性材料如汽油和普通烃溶剂的粘合剂，抗静电和高度不渗透性。

9. 发明授权

US5478540A Removal of mercury heavy metal values employing sulfur trioxide 失效
标题翻译：去除使用三氧化硫的汞重金属值
公开(公告)号：US5478540A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-26
申请号：US231327
申请日：1994-04-22
申请人： Wilhelm E. Walles , Luis C. Mulford
发明人： Wilhelm E. Walles , Luis C. Mulford
IPC分类号： B09B3/00 , B09C1/02 , B09C1/08 , C01G13/00 , C22B43/00 , C01B17/96
CPC分类号： C22B43/00 , B09B3/0016 , B09C1/02 , B09C1/08 , C01G13/00
摘要： Heavy metal values can be removed and separated from a substance having a suitable amount of the heavy metal values by contacting the substance with a fluid containing sulfur trioxide to prepare a corresponding heavy metal sulfate, which is followed by leaching the sulfate therefrom and separating the leached sulfate. For example, mercury metal, oxide or sulfide, or methyl mercury, such as can be found in used fluorescent lamps and household batteries, in industrial flue sands, fly ash, contaminated soils, etc., can be removed by contact of crushed lamps or batteries, samples of the flue sands, fly ash, or contaminated soils, etc., with a mixture of sulfur trioxide in air to form mercuric sulfate, which is leached with a suitable leaching agent such as water, aqueous hydrochloric acid, hot dilute sulfuric acid, or concentrated sodium chloride solution, and sequestered by use of an ion exchange resin or precipitated as sulfides for further isolation of mercury value.
摘要翻译：通过使物质与含有三氧化硫的流体接触以制备相应的重金属硫酸盐，然后从其中浸出硫酸盐并分离浸出的重金属元素，可以将重金属值从具有合适量的重金属值的物质中除去并分离硫酸盐。例如，在工业烟道沙子，飞灰，污染土壤等中的用过的荧光灯和家用电池中可以发现汞金属，氧化物或硫化物或甲基汞，可以通过粉碎的灯或电池，烟道样品，飞灰或污染土壤等，与三氧化硫在空气中的混合物形成硫酸汞，用合适的浸出剂如水，盐酸水溶液，热稀硫酸酸或浓缩的氯化钠溶液，并通过使用离子交换树脂螯合或作为硫化物沉淀以进一步分离汞值。

10. 发明授权

US5233081A Method for sulfonation using porous absorber material 失效
标题翻译：使用多孔吸收材料进行磺化的方法
公开(公告)号：US5233081A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-03
申请号：US859846
申请日：1992-03-30
申请人： Wilhelm E. Walles
发明人： Wilhelm E. Walles
IPC分类号： C07B45/06 , C07C303/06
CPC分类号： C07C303/06 , C07B45/06
摘要： A method for preparing a sulfonated compound with minimal or no waste products using a porous inorganic material absorber. The absorber is saturated with a compound to be sulfonated and then contacted with a sulfonating gas mixture to form a sulfonated product. After forming the sulfonated product, excess sulfonating gas is removed by contacting the sulfonated product with warm air. The sulfonated product is then neutralized and the product is removed with water from the inorganic material absorber. The absorber is then dried with hot air so that it may be reused for future sulfonation processes. The process results in preparation of a sulfonated compound having inorganic salts present in an amount less than about 1.0 percent by weight based on total sulfonated product weight. The process results in highly effective sulfonation of a compound with formation of little or no waste materials, particularly waste materials such as solvents and undesirable inorganic salts. Also disclosed is the resulting sulfonated product.
摘要翻译：使用多孔无机材料吸收剂制备具有最少或不含废物的磺化化合物的方法。吸收剂被待磺化的化合物饱和，然后与磺化气体混合物接触以形成磺化产物。在形成磺化产物后，通过使磺化产物与热空气接触来除去过量的磺化气体。然后中和磺化产物，并用水从无机材料吸收器除去产物。然后将吸收器用热空气干燥，使其可以再次用于将来的磺化过程。该方法导致制备具有基于总磺化产物重量小于约1.0重量％的量的无机盐的磺化化合物。该方法导致化合物的高度有效磺化，形成很少或没有废物，特别是废物，例如溶剂和不期望的无机盐。还公开了所得的磺化产物。

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