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1. 发明授权

US4423512A Plasma melting furnace 失效
标题翻译：等离子熔融炉
公开(公告)号：US4423512A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-27
申请号：US336899
申请日：1982-01-04
申请人： Walter Lugscheider , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek
发明人： Walter Lugscheider , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek
IPC分类号： H05B7/18 , C22B9/22 , F27B3/08 , F27D11/08 , F27D99/00 , H05B7/06 , H05H1/32 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/00
CPC分类号： F27B3/08 , C22B9/226 , H05B7/06 , H05H1/34 , F27D2099/0031 , H05H2001/3473
摘要： A plasma melting furnace includes a water-cooled bottom electrode of copper and a temperature probe connected with the bottom electrode. A wearing part of steel is provided in the bottom of the furnace, covering the bottom electrode. At least one counter electrode is arranged at a distance above the wearing part for the formation of the plasma jet. In order to prevent the risk of a melting through of the bottom electrode as far as to its water-cooled section on account of a secondary arc, a metal layer is provided between the bottom electrode and the wearing part. The metal layer is formed by a metal having a low thermal conductivty and a low melting point, as compared to copper, as well as a high melting enthalpy. Preferably, a metal layer of lead or its alloys with tin and/or zinc is provided.
摘要翻译：等离子体熔融炉包括水冷的底部电极和与底部电极连接的温度探针。在炉底部设有耐磨部分，覆盖底部电极。至少一个对电极被布置在用于形成等离子体射流的磨损部分上方的距离处。为了防止由于二次电弧而导致底部电极熔化直到其水冷部分的风险，在底部电极和磨损部分之间设置有金属层。金属层由与铜相比具有低导热性和低熔点的金属以及高熔融焓形成。优选地，提供铅或其与锡和/或锌的合金的金属层。

2. 发明授权

US4606038A Plant for producing calcium carbide 失效
标题翻译：生产电石的工厂
公开(公告)号：US4606038A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-12
申请号：US557354
申请日：1983-12-01
申请人： Walter Lugscheider , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek
发明人： Walter Lugscheider , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek
IPC分类号： C01B32/942 , H05B7/00 , H05H1/42
CPC分类号： H05B7/00 , C01B31/32
摘要： A burden of either or both CaO or CaCO.sub.3 and coal is melted and reduced by a plasma torch established between a plasma burner penetrating the upper structure of a furnace and an electrode in the bottom of the furnace to produce CaC.sub.2. The burden is supplied to the furnace from above and the CO produced by the reaction flows upwardly through the unreacted burden to pre-heat and pre-reduce it.
摘要翻译： CaO或CaCO3和煤中的一种或两种的负担通过在穿过炉的上部结构的等离子体燃烧器和炉底部的电极之间建立的等离子体焰炬熔化和还原，以产生CaC 2。从上方向炉子供应负荷，由反应产生的CO向上流过未反应的负担，以预热并预先减压。

3. 发明授权

US4644557A Process for the production of calcium carbide and a shaft furnace for carrying out the process 失效
标题翻译：用于生产电石的方法和用于进行该工艺的竖炉
公开(公告)号：US4644557A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-17
申请号：US751078
申请日：1985-07-01
申请人： Joachim Ebeling , Peter Friedrich , Herbert Jekat , Walter Lugscheider , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek , Walter Achleitner , Ferdinand Jarema
发明人： Joachim Ebeling , Peter Friedrich , Herbert Jekat , Walter Lugscheider , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek , Walter Achleitner , Ferdinand Jarema
IPC分类号： C01B32/942 , H05B7/00 , H05H1/00
CPC分类号： H05B7/00 , C01B31/32
摘要： In a process for the production of calcium carbide in a shaft furnace, a plasma arc (plasma torch) is generated by the introduction of electric energy with the help of a plasma burner device penetrating the upper cover of the shaft furnace. A counter electrode is provided in the bottom part of the shaft furnace. About the plasma arc or torch, a burden mixture of calcium-oxide and carbon-containing substances is concentrically introduced so as to form a protective mound of solid burden components on the inner wall of the furnace. In order to provide an operationally safe process by using plasma burners, with which both coarse and fine-grain burden components may be employed and with which calcium carbide is obtained in higher yields with an improved utilization of the energy consumed, the burden mixture is used separately as a coarse-grain fraction and as a fine-grain fraction. The coarse-grain fraction is introduced through an annular gap between the furnace wall and the furnace cover so as to form a movable protective mound along the furnace wall. The fine-grain fraction is introduced into the space between the plasma arc and the protective mound. The process gas forming at the reaction emerges through the coarse-grain-fraction protective mound and the annular gap. A shaft furnace includes a refractorily lined furnace wall and an upper cover, through which a plasma burner device and a charging device are guided. A counter electrode is provided in the bottom part of the furnace.
摘要翻译：在竖炉中生产碳化钙的方法中，借助穿透竖炉上盖的等离子体燃烧器装置，通过引入电能产生等离子体电弧（等离子体焰炬）。对置电极设置在竖炉的底部。关于等离子体电弧或手电筒，同心地引入氧化钙和含碳物质的负担混合物，以在炉内壁上形成固体负荷组分的保护堆。为了通过使用等离子体燃烧器提供操作上安全的方法，可以使用粗粒和细粒负荷组分，并且以更高的产率获得电石，同时改善了所消耗的能量利用率，使用负荷混合物分别作为粗晶粒分数和细晶粒分数。粗粒部分通过炉壁和炉盖之间的环形间隙引入，以沿着炉壁形成可移动的保护堆。细晶粒部分被引入到等离子体电弧和保护土堆之间的空间中。在反应过程中形成的工艺气体通过粗粒部分保护堆和环形间隙出现。竖炉包括一个不透光的内衬炉壁和一个上盖，等离子体燃烧器装置和充电装置通过该上壁被引导。在炉底部设置对电极。

4. 发明授权

US4504307A Method for carrying out melting, melt-metallurgical and/or reduction-metallurgical processes in a plasma melting furnace as well as an arrangement for carrying out the method 失效
标题翻译：在等离子体熔融炉中进行熔融，熔融冶金和/或还原冶金工艺的方法以及用于实施该方法的装置
公开(公告)号：US4504307A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-12
申请号：US576030
申请日：1984-02-01
申请人： Walter Lugscheider , Othmar Steipe , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek
发明人： Walter Lugscheider , Othmar Steipe , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek
IPC分类号： F27D11/08 , C21B13/12 , C21C5/52 , C21C7/00 , C22B4/00 , C22B9/20 , C22B9/22 , F27B3/08 , F27D99/00 , H05B7/00
CPC分类号： C21B13/125 , C22B4/005 , C22B9/226 , F27B3/08 , H05B7/00 , F27D2099/0031 , Y02P10/136
摘要： There is disclosed a method for carrying out melting, melt-metallurgical and/or reduction-metallurgical processes in a plasma melting furnace. In its interior, freely burning plasma torches are produced between plasma burners guided through the lid or through the side walls of the furnace body and a bottom electrode. Fluxes and reactive substances to be melted and reacted, respectively, are charged into the region of the plasma torches. In order to increase the energy supply to the charges to be melted or reacted and thus improving the thermal efficiency or kinetics of the process, additional gas flows, which differ from the original plasma gas, are injected into the plasma torches. An arrangement for carrying out the method includes a furnace through whose lid or side walls plasma burners are guided and in whose bottom a counter electrode is arranged. Supply means for introducing additional gas flows into the region of the plasma torches are additionally provided.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在等离子体熔融炉中进行熔融，熔融冶金和/或还原冶金工艺的方法。在其内部，在通过盖引导的等离子体燃烧器之间或通过炉体的侧壁和底部电极产生自由燃烧的等离子体炬。分别熔化和反应的助焊剂和反应性物质被装入等离子体炬的区域中。为了增加要熔化或反应的电荷的能量供应，从而提高该方法的热效率或动力学，将与原始等离子体气体不同的另外的气体流注入到等离子炬中。用于执行该方法的装置包括通过其盖或侧壁等离子体燃烧器被引导并且在其底部布置有相对电极的炉。另外提供了用于将额外的气流引入等离子体炬的区域的供应装置。

5. 发明授权

US4436290A Plasma melting furnace arrangement 失效
标题翻译：等离子熔炉安排
公开(公告)号：US4436290A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-13
申请号：US412202
申请日：1982-08-27
申请人： Helmut D. Kilches , Walter Lugscheider , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek
发明人： Helmut D. Kilches , Walter Lugscheider , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek
IPC分类号： F27B3/08 , F27D17/00 , H05B7/00 , C21B7/22
CPC分类号： H05B7/00 , F27D17/003
摘要： A plasma melting furnace includes a cover and a melt container. Through its side wall plasma burners arranged so as to be inclined towards the furnace axis are guided. A main flue gas conduit equipped with a draft regulating damper is connected to the cover and a separate discharge means for flue gases from other furnace openings is additionally provided. In order to provide an efficient discharge of flue gases and reaction gases forming as well as dusts and fumes without straining the furnace hall and the environment, and to maintain a protective gas atmosphere in the furnace interior safely during all the necessary working cycles, the separate discharge means is designed as a downwardly open channel. The channel is peripherally attached to the outer side of the container in the region of the upper rim of the melt container.
摘要翻译：等离子体熔炉包括盖和熔体容器。通过其侧壁等离子体燃烧器被布置为朝向炉轴倾斜。配备有通风调节阻尼器的主要烟气管道连接到盖子，另外提供了用于来自其它炉子开口的烟气的单独的排出装置。为了提供烟气和反应气体形成以及灰尘和烟雾的有效排放，而不会使炉室和环境变薄，并且在所有必要的工作循环期间安全地保持炉内保护气体气氛，分离排放装置被设计为向下开放的通道。在熔体容器的上边缘的区域中，通道外围地附接到容器的外侧。

6. 发明授权

US4546483A Plasma melting furnace arrangement 失效
标题翻译：等离子熔炉安排
公开(公告)号：US4546483A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-08
申请号：US536243
申请日：1983-09-27
申请人： Walter Lugscheider , Alois Leutgob , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek , Othmar Puhringer
发明人： Walter Lugscheider , Alois Leutgob , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek , Othmar Puhringer
IPC分类号： F27D11/08 , F27B3/08 , F27B3/18 , F27D1/00 , F27D3/00 , F27D99/00 , H05B7/00
CPC分类号： H05B7/00 , F27B3/18 , F27D3/0025 , F27D2001/0056 , F27D2099/0031 , F27D2099/0041 , Y10S266/90 , Y10S266/901
摘要： There is disclosed a plasma melting furnace through the side wall of whose cylindrical furnace body a plurality of downwardly directed plasma burners are guided, whose mouths project into the furnace interior. In order to avoid several rechargings, which has been common so far, in particular with scrap of low apparent density, and to be able to charge continuously, without endangering the plasma burners by electric flashovers between parts of the charge material and the burner mouths or falling-down materials and by maintaining the inert gas atmosphere within the furnace, the cover of the furnace interior comprises a shoulder-likely re-entering part projecting upwardly. This part is closeable by a lid and delimits a central charging opening whose diameter is smaller than the diameter of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma burners are arranged.
摘要翻译：公开了一种通过其圆柱形炉体的侧壁的等离子体熔化炉，多个向下指向的等离子体燃烧器被引导，其嘴部投射到炉内。为了避免迄今为止常见的几种再充电，特别是具有低表观密度的废料，并且能够连续充电，而不会通过充电材料的部分和燃烧器口之间的电闪络而危及等离子体燃烧器，或落下的材料，并且通过将惰性气体气氛保持在炉内，炉内部的盖子包括向上突出的肩部可能的再进入部分。该部分可以通过盖子封闭，并且限定了直径小于等离子体燃烧器口部的直径的中心充电开口。

7. 发明授权

US4518419A Method of carrying out metallurgical or chemical processes in a shaft furnace, and a low shaft furnace therefor 失效
标题翻译：在竖炉中进行冶金或化学工艺的方法及其低轴炉
公开(公告)号：US4518419A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-21
申请号：US563308
申请日：1983-12-20
申请人： Walter Lugscheider , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek
发明人： Walter Lugscheider , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek
IPC分类号： C21B13/12 , C22B4/00 , H05B7/00 , C21C5/52
CPC分类号： C21B13/125 , C22B4/005 , H05B7/00 , Y02P10/136
摘要： In a method of carrying out metallurgical or chemical processes in a shaft furnace having an upper cover, electric energy is supplied by a plasma burner penetrating the upper cover. A plasma torch is formed between the plasma burner and a counter-electrode penetrating the bottom of the shaft furnace. Charging stock is introduced concentrically about the plasma torch and forms a protective wall at the inner wall of the furnace. There is also provided an arrangement for carrying out this method.
摘要翻译：在具有上盖的竖炉中进行冶金或化学处理的方法中，电能通过穿透上盖的等离子体燃烧器供应。在等离子体燃烧器和穿透竖炉底部的对电极之间形成等离子体焰炬。充电原料以等离子体焰炬同心引入，并在炉内壁形成保护壁。还提供了一种用于执行该方法的装置。

8. 发明授权

US4493088A Plasma melting furnace 失效
标题翻译：等离子熔融炉
公开(公告)号：US4493088A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-08
申请号：US336901
申请日：1982-01-04
申请人： Walter Lugscheider , Helmut D. Kilches , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek
发明人： Walter Lugscheider , Helmut D. Kilches , Ernst Riegler , Ernst Zajicek
IPC分类号： F27B3/08 , F27D99/00 , H05B7/00 , F27D1/00 , F27D7/00
CPC分类号： H05B7/00 , F27B3/08 , F27D2099/0031
摘要： A plasma melting furnace includes one or more plasma burners penetrating the furnace lining, in particular a plasma burner projecting vertically into the interior of the furnace. In order to ensure a most uniform stress on the lining by the heat radiation, the inner surface of the lining is designed to be inclined, converging upwardly.
摘要翻译：等离子体熔融炉包括穿过炉衬的一个或多个等离子体燃烧器，特别是垂直投射到炉内部的等离子燃烧器。为了通过热辐射确保衬里上的最均匀的应力，衬里的内表面被设计成倾斜，向上会聚。

9. 发明授权

US4518417A Method of, and arrangement for, reducing oxide-containing fine-particle ores 失效
标题翻译：减少含氧化物微粒矿石的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4518417A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-21
申请号：US455812
申请日：1983-01-05
申请人： Walter Lugscheider , Alois Leutgob , Ernst Riegler , Paul Mullner
发明人： Walter Lugscheider , Alois Leutgob , Ernst Riegler , Paul Mullner
IPC分类号： C21B11/00 , C21B13/12 , C22B4/00 , C22B5/10 , C22C33/04 , C21C5/52
CPC分类号： C21B13/125 , C22B4/005 , Y02P10/136 , Y02P10/138
摘要： In a method of reducing oxide-containing fine-particle ores, the ore particles are melted and reduced in a rotationally symmetric melting vessel in the presence of solid, liquid or gaseous carbon carriers by the action of a plasma jet of a plasma burner. At least part of the ore particles to be reduced are introduced through charging openings in the side wall of the vessel and are set in a cyclonic rotational movement. The plasma jet of the plasma burner is generated within the rotating particle stream. An arrangement for carrying out the method comprises a refractorily lined melting vessel having a rotationally symmetric inner space and including charging openings for the addition of oxide-containing ore particles and fluxing agents. There are openings for solid, liquid or gaseous carbon carriers and other fluxes, and at least one plasma burner. In the side wall of the melting vessel charging lances are arranged, which are directed into the space between the side wall of the melting vessel and its central axis.
摘要翻译：在减少含氧化物的细颗粒矿石的方法中，矿石颗粒通过等离子体燃烧器的等离子体射流的作用在固体，液体或气态碳载体存在下在旋转对称的熔融容器中熔化和还原。要还原的矿石颗粒的至少一部分通过容器侧壁中的充填开口引入并且被设置为旋风旋转运动。等离子体燃烧器的等离子体射流在旋转的粒子流内产生。用于实施该方法的装置包括具有旋转对称内部空间的耐火衬里熔化容器，并且包括用于添加含氧化物的矿石颗粒和助熔剂的装料口。有固体，液体或气态碳载体和其他助熔剂的开口，以及至少一个等离子体燃烧器。在熔融容器的侧壁中，设置充气枪，其被引导到熔化容器的侧壁和其中心轴线之间的空间中。

10. 发明授权

US4414673A Plasma melting furnace 失效
标题翻译：等离子熔融炉
公开(公告)号：US4414673A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-08
申请号：US390331
申请日：1982-06-21
申请人： Walter Lugscheider , Ernst Riegler
发明人： Walter Lugscheider , Ernst Riegler
IPC分类号： F27B3/08 , F27D11/08 , H05B7/00
CPC分类号： H05B7/00 , F27D11/08
摘要： A plasma melting furnace includes a furnace body, a covering cap, one or more electrodes penetrating the bottom of the furnace body, and at least three plasma burners penetrating the furnace wall or the covering cap and arranged so as to be inclined towards the bottom. In order to achieve a high melting performance with a simultaneously low energy consumption, charging openings are provided in the covering cap for the continuous melting of small-sized material, such as light scrap and iron sponge. Their vertical axes are located in a plane extending through the angular symmetry of the normal projection of the axes of two neighboring plasma burners as well as between two vertical planes each extending perpendicular to the normal projections of the individual burner axes. One of the two planes is laid through the point of impact of the direct plasma jets on the melt and the second plane extends parallel thereto at the distance of a third of the length of the projections of the direct plasma jets from their exit out of the burners as far as to their point of impact.
摘要翻译：等离子体熔炉包括炉体，覆盖帽，贯穿炉体底部的一个或多个电极，以及贯穿炉壁或覆盖帽的至少三个等离子体燃烧器，以便朝向底部倾斜。为了以同时低的能量消耗实现高熔点性能，在覆盖帽中设置充电开口，用于小型材料如轻废料和铁海绵的连续熔化。它们的垂直轴位于延伸穿过两个相邻等离子体燃烧器的轴的正常投影的角度对称的平面以及垂直于各个燃烧器轴的正常突起延伸的两个垂直平面之间。两个平面中的一个被放置在直接等离子体射流对熔体的冲击点上，并且第二平面与直接等离子体射流的突起长度的三分之一距离与它们的出口平行延伸离开它们的出口燃烧器到达它们的影响点。

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