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1. 发明授权

US4966876A Transesterification of triglycerides 失效
标题翻译：甘油三酯的酯交换反应
公开(公告)号：US4966876A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-30
申请号：US396933
申请日：1989-08-22
申请人： Viswanatha Sankaran
发明人： Viswanatha Sankaran
IPC分类号： B01J31/02 , C11C3/10
CPC分类号： C11C3/10 , B01J31/0201 , B01J31/0202 , B01J31/0208 , B01J31/0212 , B01J2231/40 , B01J2231/49
摘要： A process for converting liquid triglycerides into solid triglycerides by means of random transesterifications achieved through the use of catalytically active combinations comprising the reaction product of mixtures of dihydroxy and trihydroxy alcohols with mixtures of alkali metal hydroxides, and with ketones. The catalytically active materials can be employed in directed transesterifications in which the transesterification reaction mixture is subjected to a series of heating and cooling cycles during which higher melting fats are formed and precipitated from solution, causing an equilibrium shift that results in the formation and precipitation of still additional higher melting fats. An especially desirable catalytically active combination comprises the reaction product of 1, 2 propanediol, 1,3 propanediol and glycerol, with sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and in a preferred embodiment, the reaction product is combined with acetone to form the catalytically active combination.

2. 发明授权

US5104846A Molecular restructuring catalyst 失效
标题翻译：分子重构催化剂
公开(公告)号：US5104846A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-14
申请号：US595259
申请日：1990-10-10
申请人： Viswanatha Sankaran
发明人： Viswanatha Sankaran
IPC分类号： B01J27/122 , B01J27/125 , B01J31/04 , B01J31/30 , C10G11/08 , F02B3/06
CPC分类号： B01J31/30 , B01J27/122 , B01J27/125 , B01J31/04 , C10G11/08 , B01J2231/76 , F02B3/06
摘要： A catalyst for promoting the molecular restructuring of the components of hydrocarbons to form desired products. The catalyst comprises copper salts, copper acetate being particularly preferred, in combination with anhydrous aluminum chloride. The catalyst can be used with either gaseous hydrocarbon raw materials such as natural gas, refinery gas, biomass decomposition gases, and similar materials, or with solids, meltable solids, or liquid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials including tar sands, oil shale, waxes, asphaltic compositions and the like. In the case of gaseous raw materials, the gases are preferably brought into contact with the copper salt coated on a catalyst support such as refractory alumina, in the presence of anhydrous aluminum chloride, which can be in vaporous form, in a continuous process. When liquids, solids, or meltable solids are treated, the catalyst is added to the reaction vessel containing such raw materials and heated until the products formed are vaporized and driven from the vessel. The products formed are water scrubbed and rectified. A variety of products are thus obtained including materials such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel, light lubes, and others.
摘要翻译：用于促进烃类组分的分子重组以形成所需产物的催化剂。催化剂包括铜盐，特别优选乙酸铜，与无水氯化铝组合。催化剂可以与气态烃原料如天然气，炼厂气体，生物质分解气体和类似材料一起使用，或与固体，可熔固体或含液烃的原料（包括焦油砂，油页岩，蜡）沥青组合物等。在气态原料的情况下，气体优选在连续过程中在可能为汽相形式的无水氯化铝的存在下与涂覆在催化剂载体如耐火氧化铝上的铜盐接触。当处理液体，固体或可熔固体时，将催化剂加入到含有这些原料的反应容器中并加热直到形成的产物蒸发并从容器驱动。形成的产品经过水洗涤和整修。因此得到的各种产品包括汽油，煤油，柴油，轻润滑油等材料。

3. 发明授权

US5133902A Transesterification of triglycerides 失效
标题翻译：甘油三酯的酯交换反应
公开(公告)号：US5133902A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-28
申请号：US569410
申请日：1990-08-17
申请人： Viswanatha Sankaran
发明人： Viswanatha Sankaran
IPC分类号： B01J31/02 , C11C3/10
CPC分类号： B01J31/0212 , B01J31/02 , C11C3/10 , B01J2231/40
摘要： A process for converting liquid triglycerides into solid triglycerides by means of random transesterifications achieved through the use of catalytically active combinations comprising the reaction product of mixtures of dihydric and trihydric alcohols with mixtures of alkali metal hydroxides, and with ketones. The catalytically active materials can be employed in directed transesterifications in which the transesterification reaction mixture is subjected to a series of heating and cooling cycles during which higher melting fats are formed and precipitated from solution, causing an equilibrium shift that results in the formation and precipitation of still additional higher melting fats. An especially desirable catalytically active combination comprises the reaction product of 1, 2 propanediol, 1, 3 propanediol and glycerol, with sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and in a preferred embodiment, the reaction product is combined with acetone to form the catalytically active combination.
摘要翻译：通过使用包含二羟基和三元醇的混合物与碱金属氢氧化物与酮的混合物的反应产物的催化活性组合实现的随机酯交换将液体甘油三酸酯转化为固体甘油三酸酯的方法。催化活性材料可用于定向酯交换反应，其中酯交换反应混合物经受一系列加热和冷却循环，在此期间，溶液中形成和沉淀出较高熔点的脂肪，引起导致形成和沉淀的平衡变化还有更高的熔点。特别理想的催化活性组合包括1,2-丙二醇，1,3-丙二醇和甘油与氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾的反应产物，在优选的实施方案中，将反应产物与丙酮混合以形成催化活性组合。

4. 发明授权

US5012025A Molecular restructuring catalyst 失效
标题翻译：分子重构催化剂
公开(公告)号：US5012025A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-30
申请号：US397775
申请日：1989-08-23
申请人： Viswanatha Sankaran
发明人： Viswanatha Sankaran
IPC分类号： B01J27/122 , B01J27/125 , B01J31/04 , B01J31/30 , C10G11/08 , F02B3/06
CPC分类号： B01J31/30 , B01J27/122 , B01J27/125 , B01J31/04 , C10G11/08 , F02B3/06
摘要： A catalyst for promoting the molecular restructuring of the components of hydrocarbons to form desired products. The catalyst comprises copper salts, copper acetate being particularly preferred, in combination with anhydrous aluminum chloride. The catalyst can be used with either gaseous hydrocarbon raw materials such as natural gas, refinery gas, biomass decomposition gases, and similar materials, or with solids, meltable solids, or liquid hydrocarbon-containing raw materials including tar sands, oil shale, waxes, asphaltic compositions and the like. In the case of gaseous raw materials, the gases are preferably brought into contact with the copper salt coated on a catalyst support such as refractory alumina, in the presence of anhydrous aluminum chloride, which can be in vaporous form, in a continuous process. When liquids, solids, or meltable solids are treated, the catalyst is added to the reaction vessel containing such raw materials and heated until the products formed are vaporized and driven from the vessel. The products formed are water scrubbed and rectified. A variety of products are thus obtained including materials such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel, light lubes, and others.

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