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1. 发明授权

US5104516A Upgrading oil emulsions with carbon monoxide or synthesis gas 失效
标题翻译：用一氧化碳或合成气升级油乳液
公开(公告)号：US5104516A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-14
申请号：US578262
申请日：1990-09-06
申请人： Theo J. W. de Bruijn , H. John Woods
发明人： Theo J. W. de Bruijn , H. John Woods
IPC分类号： C10G9/00
CPC分类号： C10G9/007
摘要： Several procedures are provided herein which reduce the viscosity and density of heavy oils to make them amenable for transportation by pipeline from the field to refineries for further processing. The procedure involves contacting a water emulsion of a heavy oil with carbon monoxide at a pressure range and a temperature range such that a water gas shift reaction takes place to convert the steam and carbon monoxide to hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Simultaneously, a thermal rearrangement takes place, thereby reducing the viscosity and density of the oil without any significant thermal cracking. Under one scheme, at a low temperature range, e.g. below about 400.degree. C., there is substantailly no cracking and minimal molecular changes. Under another scheme, at a higher temperature range, e.g. up to about 460.degree. C., significant cracking and molecular changes take place. Nevertheless under both schemes there is a net production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and both hydrogen and carbon dioxide are separated, and may be used in other processes.
摘要翻译：本文提供了若干程序，其降低了重油的粘度和密度，使得它们适合于从现场管道输送到炼油厂进行进一步加工。该方法包括在压力范围和温度范围内使重油的水乳液与一氧化碳接触，从而进行水煤气变换反应，以将蒸汽和一氧化碳转化为氢气和二氧化碳。同时，发生热重排，从而降低油的粘度和密度，而没有任何明显的热裂纹。在一个方案下，在低温范围，例如低于约400℃，没有破裂和分子变化最小。在另一种方案中，在较高的温度范围，例如高达约460℃，发生明显的裂解和分子变化。然而，在这两种方案下，都有净生产氢和二氧化碳，氢气和二氧化碳都被分离，可用于其他工艺。

2. 发明授权

US5374348A Hydrocracking of heavy hydrocarbon oils with heavy hydrocarbon recycle 失效
标题翻译：重质烃油与重质烃再循环的加氢裂化
公开(公告)号：US5374348A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-20
申请号：US133616
申请日：1993-09-13
申请人： Paul L. Sears , Theo J. W. de Bruijn , William H. Dawson , Barry B. Pruden , Anil K. Jain
发明人： Paul L. Sears , Theo J. W. de Bruijn , William H. Dawson , Barry B. Pruden , Anil K. Jain
IPC分类号： C10G47/26 , C10G49/22 , C10G47/22 , C10G9/12
CPC分类号： C10G49/22 , C10G47/26
摘要： A heavy hydrocarbon oil, a substantial portion of which boils above 524.degree. C., is subjected to hydrocracking with a fractionated heavy oil recycle stream containing active additive particles. In the process, a slurry feed of (1) fresh heavy hydrocarbon oil feedstock and a heavy hydrocarbon recycle and (2) from about 0.01-4% by weight (based on fresh feedstock) of iron sulphate additive particles having sizes less than 45 .mu.m, is passed upwardly through a confined vertical hydrocracking zone. A mixed effluent is removed from the top of the hydrocracking zone, which is then passed through a hot separator vessel. From the bottom of the separator is withdrawn a liquid heavy hydrocarbon stream comprising heavy hydrocarbons and particles of the iron sulphate additive converted mainly to an iron sulphide phase. This separated liquid heavy hydrocarbon stream is fractionated to obtain a heavy oil which boils above 450.degree. C., containing the additive particles. The fractionated heavy oil containing the additive particles is then recycled to and mixing with the hydrocracking zone feed slurry in an amount up to 40% by weight of the combined feed slurry.
摘要翻译：其中大部分沸点高于524℃的重质烃油用含有活性添加剂颗粒的分馏重油循环流进行加氢裂化。在该方法中，（1）新鲜重质烃油原料和重质烃循环的浆料进料和（2）约0.01-4重量％（基于新鲜原料）的尺寸小于45μm的硫酸铁添加剂颗粒 m向上通过一个受限制的垂直加氢裂化区。混合流出物从加氢裂化区的顶部除去，然后通过热分离器容器。从分离器的底部取出包含重质烃的液体重质烃流和主要转化为硫化铁相的硫酸铁添加剂颗粒。将分离的液体重质烃流分馏，得到含有添加剂颗粒的高于450℃的重油。然后将含有添加剂颗粒的分馏的重油再循环至加氢裂化区进料浆料，并以与组合的进料浆料重量计最多40重量的量混合。

3. 发明授权

US5322617A Upgrading oil emulsions with carbon monoxide or synthesis gas 失效
标题翻译：用一氧化碳或合成气升级油乳液
公开(公告)号：US5322617A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-21
申请号：US925758
申请日：1992-08-07
申请人： Theo J. W. de Bruijn , David J. Patmore , Charlene M. Hogan
发明人： Theo J. W. de Bruijn , David J. Patmore , Charlene M. Hogan
IPC分类号： C01B3/16 , C10G45/00 , C10L1/32 , C01B3/26 , C10G47/02
CPC分类号： C10G45/00 , C01B3/16 , C10L1/328
摘要： Several procedures are provided for the thermal rearrangement of a water emulsion, of or a mixture with water, of a feedstock selected from the group consisting of tar sand bitumen, heavy oil, refinery residue and a heavy waste oil stream, the feedstock containing a naturally-occurring, finely-divided mineral material. The essence of such procedures involves contacting the water emulsion or the water mixture with a gas selected from the group consisting of synthesis gas and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalytic amount, i.e., from about 0.3% to about 15% of a bifunctional catalyst that facilitates the water gas shift reaction and also promotes the hydrogenation and stabilization of cracking reaction products. The bifunctional catalyst includes the naturally-occurring, finely-divided mineral material which is contained in the feedstock. The process is conducted under such conditions of pressure and temperature that the water gas shift reaction occurs. Thermally rearranged liquid oil having a lower viscosity and a lower density than that of the feedstock is recovered. In addition, separate streams of gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous hydrogen are also recovered therefrom.
摘要翻译：提供了几种用于热乳液的重新排列的方法，该水乳液或水的混合物是选自焦油砂沥青，重油，炼油残渣和重质废油料流的原料，原料含有天然 - 细小的矿物材料。这种方法的实质包括在催化量存在下将水乳液或水混合物与选自合成气和一氧化碳的气体接触，即约0.3％至约15％的双官能催化剂促进水煤气变换反应，并促进裂解反应产物的氢化和稳定化。双官能催化剂包括原料中所含天然存在的细分矿物材料。该过程在发生水煤气变换反应的压力和温度的条件下进行。回收具有比原料低的粘度和较低密度的热重排液态油。此外，还从其中回收气态二氧化碳和气态氢气的单独流。

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