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1. 发明授权

US5262785A Small target doppler detection system 失效
标题翻译：小目标多普勒检测系统
公开(公告)号：US5262785A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-16
申请号：US876958
申请日：1992-04-30
申请人： Seth D. Silverstein , Robert L. Nevin
发明人： Seth D. Silverstein , Robert L. Nevin
IPC分类号： G01S13/522 , G01S13/52
CPC分类号： G01S13/522
摘要： A small target phased array Doppler detection system receives signals from remote moving targets and determines Doppler frequency shift and the respective powers of coherent electromagnetic signals for the purpose of detection and identification of relatively small, slow moving targets in the presence of scattering echoes due to clutter. The system employs covariance analysis of the received signals followed by eigenanalysis to produce eigenvectors and eigenvalues. A superresolution algorithm creates dwell manifold vectors which indicate velocities of targets from the eigenvectors. The relative power of radar echoes contribute information relevant to the identification of real moving targets as opposed to false alarms.
摘要翻译：小目标相控阵多普勒检测系统从远程移动目标接收信号，并确定多普勒频移和相干电磁信号的相应功率，以便在存在由于杂波引起的散射回波的情况下检测和识别相对较小，较慢的移动目标。该系统对接收到的信号进行协方差分析，然后进行特征分析以产生特征向量和特征值。超分辨率算法创建表示来自特征向量的目标速度的驻留歧管向量。雷达回波的相对功率提供与识别真实移动目标相关的信息，而不是虚假警报。

2. 发明授权

US5168214A Multi-rate superresolution time series spectrum analyzer 失效
标题翻译：多速率超分辨率时间序列频谱分析仪
公开(公告)号：US5168214A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-01
申请号：US829832
申请日：1992-02-03
申请人： William E. Engeler , Seth D. Silverstein
发明人： William E. Engeler , Seth D. Silverstein
IPC分类号： G01R23/165 , G01S13/526
CPC分类号： G01S13/526 , G01R23/165
摘要： Parallel architectures preprocesses large matrices from sampled coherent time apertures receiving signals from distant sources to produce lower order matrices, derived from pseudo coherent time apertures, which are computationally less burdensome. The large matrices are processed by frequency shifting, low pass filtering with an FIR filter, and executing front-end decimation to create the pseudo coherent time apertures, each corresponding to different subbands of the temporal frequency spectrum. The signals representing the pseudo coherent time apertures are processed using matrix based superresolution spectral estimation algorithms such as the Tufts-Kumaresan (T-K) reduced rank modified covariance algorithm and the Linear Minimum Free Energy algorithms to produce an image of the sources.
摘要翻译：并行架构预处理来自采样的相干时间孔径的大矩阵，其接收来自远距离源的信号以产生从伪相干时间孔导出的较低阶矩阵，其计算上的负担较小。大矩阵通过频移，FIR滤波器的低通滤波处理，并且执行前端抽取以产生每个对应于时间频谱的不同子带的伪相干时间孔径。表示伪相干时间孔径的信号使用基于矩阵的超分辨率频谱估计算法来处理，例如Tufts-Kumaresan（T-K）降级修正协方差算法和线性最小自由能算法来产生源的图像。

3. 发明授权

US5117238A Superresolution beamformer for large order phased array system 失效
标题翻译：超分辨率波束形成器用于大订单相控阵
公开(公告)号：US5117238A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-26
申请号：US656882
申请日：1991-02-19
申请人： Seth D. Silverstein , William E. Engeler
发明人： Seth D. Silverstein , William E. Engeler
IPC分类号： H01Q3/22 , H01Q3/26
CPC分类号： H01Q3/22 , H01Q3/26
摘要： Parallel architectures preprocesses large matrices from digital phased array systems, receiving signals from distant sources, to produce lower order matrices, called pseudo coherent apertures, which are computationally less burdensome. The large matrices are processed by frequency shifting, low pass filtering with an FIR filter, and executing front-end decimation to create the pseudo coherent apertures, each corresponding to different sectors of the spatial frequency spectrum. The pseudo coherent apertures are processed using matrix based superresolution spectral estimation algorithms such as the Tufts-Kumaresan (T-K) reduced rank modified covariance algorithm and the Linear Minimum Free Energy algorithms produce an image of the sources.
摘要翻译：并行架构预处理来自数字相控阵列系统的大型矩阵，接收来自远距离源的信号，以产生称为伪相干孔径的较低阶矩阵，其在计算上不那么繁重。大矩阵通过频移，FIR滤波器的低通滤波处理，并且执行前端抽取以产生每个对应于空间频谱的不同扇区的伪相干孔。使用基于矩阵的超分辨率频谱估计算法（例如Tufts-Kumaresan（T-K））降级修正的协方差算法来处理伪相干孔径，并且线性最小自由能算法产生源的图像。

4. 发明授权

US5262789A Source identification system for closely separated spatial sources 失效
标题翻译：用于密切分离的空间来源的源识别系统
公开(公告)号：US5262789A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-16
申请号：US876957
申请日：1992-04-30
申请人： Seth D. Silverstein
发明人： Seth D. Silverstein
IPC分类号： G01S3/74 , H01Q3/22
CPC分类号： H01Q3/22 , G01S3/74
摘要： A phased array source identification receives signals from remote sources and determines direction of arrival angles and the respective powers of coherent electromagnetic signals for the purpose of spatial localization and identification of relatively low power coherent sources in the presence of other coherent sources of relatively large signal power. The system employs covariant analysis of the received signals followed by eigenanalysis to produce eigenvectors and eigenvalues. A superresolution algorithm creates array manifold vectors corresponding to source direction of arrival, that lie in the signal subspace of the eigenvectors. In radar applications low power sources correspond to targets, while the high power sources would correspond to jammers. The relative power of radar echoes contribute information relevant to the identification of real sources as opposed to false alarms. Other applications may include cellular telephone systems and sonar systems.
摘要翻译：相位阵列源识别从远程源接收信号，并确定相干电磁信号的方向和相关电源的相应功率，以便在存在相对较大信号功率的其他相干源的情况下进行相对低功率相干源的空间定位和识别。该系统对接收到的信号进行协方差分析，然后进行特征分析以产生特征向量和特征值。超分辨率算法创建对应于到达方向的阵列歧管向量，其位于特征向量的信号子空间中。在雷达应用中，低功率源对应于目标，而高功率源对应于干扰。雷达回波的相对功率提供与识别真实来源相关的信息，而不是虚假警报。其他应用可以包括蜂窝电话系统和声纳系统。

5. 发明授权

US4467238A High-pressure sodium lamp with improved IR reflector 失效
标题翻译：高压钠灯具有改进的红外反射器
公开(公告)号：US4467238A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-21
申请号：US298836
申请日：1981-09-03
申请人： Seth D. Silverstein , Jerome S. Prener
发明人： Seth D. Silverstein , Jerome S. Prener
IPC分类号： H01J61/35 , H01J61/82 , H01J61/34 , H01J61/38
CPC分类号： H01J61/825 , H01J61/35
摘要： The efficacy of a high-pressure sodium lamp is increased significantly by enlarging the arc tube diameter and deploying a composite infrared-reflective film on the interior of the outer lamp envelope. The infrared-reflective film acts to maintain the wall temperature of the enlarged arc tube at the same optimum temperature as the arc tube wall in a conventional high-pressure sodium lamp. In one embodiment, the IR reflective film is a multi-layer composite film of In.sub.2 O.sub.3 :Sn or SnO.sub.2 :F overcoated with a TiO.sub.2 or SiO.sub.2 dielectric film. In another embodiment, a three-layer composite film is made up of TiO.sub.2, In.sub.2 O.sub.3 :Sn, or SnO.sub.2 :F, and SiO.sub.2 films sequentially overlaid on the outer envelope. The dielectric films improve lamp efficacy and enhance the high temperature chemical stability of In.sub.2 O.sub.3 :Sn and SnO.sub.2 :F. Such IR reflective films are substantially transparent to radiation in the visible region of the spectrum, but are highly reflective in the infrared portions of the spectrum.
摘要翻译：通过放大电弧管直径并在外灯壳的内部部署复合红外反射膜，高压钠灯的功效显着增加。红外反射膜用于将扩大的电弧管的壁温保持在与常规高压钠灯中的电弧管壁相同的最佳温度。在一个实施例中，IR反射膜是用TiO 2或SiO 2绝缘膜覆盖的In2O3：Sn或SnO2：F的多层复合膜。在另一个实施方案中，三层复合膜由TiO 2，In 2 O 3 :Sn或SnO 2 :F组成，SiO 2膜顺序地覆盖在外包层上。电介质薄膜提高了灯的功效，提高了In2O3：Sn和SnO2：F的高温化学稳定性。这种IR反射膜对于光谱的可见光区域中的辐射基本上是透明的，但在光谱的红外部分中是高度反射的。

6. 发明授权

US4232360A Heat recovery high intensity discharge lamp constructions 失效
标题翻译：热恢复高强度放电灯结构
公开(公告)号：US4232360A
公开(公告)日：1980-11-04
申请号：US868531
申请日：1978-01-11
申请人： Himanshu B. Vakil , Seth D. Silverstein
发明人： Himanshu B. Vakil , Seth D. Silverstein
IPC分类号： F21V29/02 , F21V33/00 , F21V29/00
CPC分类号： F21V29/503 , F21V29/02 , F21V33/0092 , H01J9/003
摘要： Composite high intensity discharge lamp constructions are described adapted for use in the recovery, in the form of heat, of energy in the non-visible frequencies emitted by such lamps. A transparent sleeve is disposed around and spaced from the lamp body being directly or indirectly connected thereto. Air passing between the sleeve and the lamp is brought into intimate heat transfer contact with both the outer surface of the lamp outer envelope and the inner surface of the sleeve.
摘要翻译：描述了复合高强度放电灯结构，适用于在这种灯发射的不可见的频率中以热的形式恢复能量。透明套筒设置在与其直接或间接连接的灯体周围并与之隔开。套筒和灯之间的空气通过与灯外壳的外表面和套筒的内表面进行紧密的热传递接触。

7. 发明授权

US5068597A Spectral estimation utilizing a minimum free energy method with recursive reflection coefficients 失效
标题翻译：利用递归反射系数的最小自由能法进行光谱估计
公开(公告)号：US5068597A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-26
申请号：US428809
申请日：1989-10-30
申请人： Seth D. Silverstein , Joseph M. Pimbley
发明人： Seth D. Silverstein , Joseph M. Pimbley
IPC分类号： G01R23/163 , G01S13/90
CPC分类号： G01S13/9035 , G01R23/163
摘要： A method for rapidly estimating power spectral density components .rho.(f) in the spectrum of an input signal, by first digitizing the input signal over a selected time interval at a selected sample rate; computing an m-th order prediction error energy as an arithmetic mean of forward and backward prediction error energies; and then computing an m-th order prediction error power from a previous reflection coefficient .GAMMA. computation. A control parameter .alpha. is generated; using .alpha. and .GAMMA., an m-th order entropy H and free energy F are then computed, from which is computed m-th order reflection coefficients as extremes of the m-th order Free energy. If the proper extremes are not found, new feedback for the (m+1)-st order solution is generated. If the proper extremes are found, the spectral components are computed and recorded.
摘要翻译：一种用于通过在选定的时间间隔以选定的采样速率对输入信号进行第一数字化来快速估计输入信号的频谱中的功率谱密度分量rho（f）的方法; 计算m阶预测误差能量作为前向和后向预测误差能量的算术平均值; 然后从先前的反射系数GAMMA计算计算m阶预测误差功率。生成控制参数α; 使用α和GAMMA，然后计算m阶熵H和自由能F，从其计算出m阶反射系数作为第m阶自由能的极值。如果没有找到适当的极值，则会生成（m + 1）阶的解决方案的新反馈。如果找到适当的极值，则计算和记录光谱分量。

8. 发明授权

US4649505A Two-input crosstalk-resistant adaptive noise canceller 失效
标题翻译：双输入抗串扰自适应噪声消除器
公开(公告)号：US4649505A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-10
申请号：US627251
申请日：1984-07-02
申请人： Richard L. Zinser, Jr. , Seth D. Silverstein , Steven R. Koch
发明人： Richard L. Zinser, Jr. , Seth D. Silverstein , Steven R. Koch
IPC分类号： G10K11/178 , G10L21/02 , H03H21/00 , H03K5/159 , G06F7/38 , H04B3/20
CPC分类号： H03H21/00 , G10K11/1784 , G10K2210/108 , G10K2210/3012 , G10K2210/505 , G10L2021/02165 , G10L21/0208
摘要： A two-input crosstalk-resistant adaptive noise canceller receives a primary input signal including a desired speech signal portion and an undesired noise signal portion and also receives a reference input signal having a reference noise input portion and a crosstalk speech portion. The canceller has first and second summer means and first and second adaptive filter means. The first summer means provides a canceller output signal which is the difference between the primary input signal and the first adaptive filter output signal. The canceller output signal is applied to the reference input of the second adaptive filter and to one of a pair of error-control inputs of the first adaptive filter. The second error-control input of the first adaptive filter is provided by the signal at the output of the second adaptive filter, which receives a single error-control input signal from the output of the second summer means. The second summer provides an output signal which is the difference between the reference input signal and the second adapter filter output signal. With the correlation bias between the desired primary input (speech) signal and the crosstalk (speech) signal in the reference input substantially reduced, the canceller output signal is then related substantially only to the primary input desired signal.
摘要翻译：双输入抗串扰自适应噪声消除器接收包括期望的语音信号部分和不期望的噪声信号部分的主要输入信号，并且还接收具有参考噪声输入部分和串扰语音部分的参考输入信号。消除器具有第一和第二夏季装置以及第一和第二自适应滤波器装置。第一个夏季装置提供一个消除器输出信号，它是主要输入信号和第一个自适应滤波器输出信号之间的差值。消除器输出信号被施加到第二自适应滤波器的参考输入和第一自适应滤波器的一对误差控制输入中的一个。第一自适应滤波器的第二误差控制输入由第二自适应滤波器的输出处的信号提供，第二自适应滤波器的输出从第二加法装置的输出接收单个误差控制输入信号。第二个夏天提供输出信号，它是参考输入信号和第二适配器滤波器输出信号之间的差值。由于所需的主输入（语音）信号和参考输入中的串扰（语音）信号之间的相关偏差大大降低，所以消除器输出信号然后基本上仅与主要输入的期望信号相关。

9. 发明授权

US4006378A Optical coating with selectable transmittance characteristics and method of making the same 失效
标题翻译：具有可选择透射特性的光学涂层及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4006378A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-01
申请号：US618671
申请日：1975-10-01
申请人： Seth D. Silverstein , Jerome S. Prener
发明人： Seth D. Silverstein , Jerome S. Prener
IPC分类号： H01J61/35 , C03C17/23 , G02B5/28 , H01J61/38 , H01J61/40 , H01J61/74 , G02B5/20
CPC分类号： C03C17/23 , H01J61/40 , C03C2217/216 , C03C2218/112
摘要： A layer of zinc oxide disposed on the surface of a substrate in thicknesses of between 500 and 10,000 Angstroms is characterized by a sharp absorption edge to substantially absorb selected wavelengths of radiation incident thereon while transmitting other selected wavelengths. The wavelength of the absorption edge is selectable as a function of temperature. A method of depositing the zinc oxide layer is also described.
摘要翻译：设置在基板表面上的厚度为500至10,000埃的氧化锌层的特征在于尖锐的吸收边缘，以便在传输其它所选波长的同时基本上吸收入射到其上的选定波长的辐射。吸收边缘的波长可以作为温度的函数来选择。还描述了沉积氧化锌层的方法。

10. 发明授权

US5572219A Method and apparatus for remotely calibrating a phased array system used for satellite communication 失效
标题翻译：用于远程校准用于卫星通信的相控阵列系统的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5572219A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-05
申请号：US499528
申请日：1995-07-07
申请人： Seth D. Silverstein , Robert L. Nevin , William E. Engeler
发明人： Seth D. Silverstein , Robert L. Nevin , William E. Engeler
IPC分类号： H01Q3/00 , H01Q3/22
CPC分类号： H01Q3/22 , H01Q3/005
摘要： A method and apparatus for remotely calibrating a system having a plurality of N elements, such as a phased array system, is provided. The method includes generating coherent signals, such as a calibration signal and a reference signal having a predetermined spectral relationship between one another. The calibration signal which is applied to each respective one of the plurality of N elements can be orthogonally encoded based on the entries of a predetermined invertible encoding matrix, such as a binary Hadamard matrix, to generate first and second sets of orthogonally encoded signals. The first and second sets of orthogonally encoded signals and the reference signal are transmitted to a remote location. The transmitted first and second sets of orthogonally encoded signals are coherently detected at the remote location. The coherently detected first and second sets of orthogonally encoded signals are then decoded using the inverse of the predetermined invertible encoding matrix to generate a set of decoded signals. The set of decoded signals is then processed for generating calibration data for each element of the system.
摘要翻译：提供了用于远程校准具有多个N个元件（诸如相控阵列系统）的系统的方法和装置。该方法包括产生相干信号，例如校准信号和具有彼此之间的预定光谱关系的参考信号。可以基于诸如二进制Hadamard矩阵的预定可逆编码矩阵的条目来对应用于多个N个元素中的每个相应一个元素的校准信号进行正交编码，以生成第一和第二组正交编码信号。第一组和第二组正交编码信号和参考信号被发送到远程位置。所发送的第一组和第二组正交编码信号在远程位置被相干地检测。然后使用预定可逆编码矩阵的倒数对相干检测的第一和第二组正交编码信号进行解码，以生成一组解码信号。然后对该组解码信号进行处理，以产生系统的每个元件的校准数据。

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