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1. 发明授权

US4793709A Method and apparatus for measuring the losses of an optical cavity 失效
标题翻译：用于测量光学腔的损耗的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4793709A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-27
申请号：US766483
申请日：1985-08-16
申请人： Salim N. Jabr , Thomas M. Crawford
发明人： Salim N. Jabr , Thomas M. Crawford
IPC分类号： G01M11/00 , G01N21/21 , G01N21/41 , G01N21/55
CPC分类号： G01M11/005 , G01N21/55 , G01N21/21 , G01N21/41 , G01N2201/06113
摘要： A method and associated apparatus for measuring the intensity decay time of an optical cavity is particularly useful for accurate measurement of cavities of the type that include highly reflective mirrors. In the method, apparatus is provided for generating at least one pulse of laser light having a bandwidth that exceeds the resonant frequency spacing of the optical cavity and for directing that pulse into the cavity. The intensity of the light within the cavity is then measured and the amount of time is determined for such intensity to decay from a first predetermined value to a second predetermined value.
摘要翻译：用于测量光学腔的强度衰减时间的方法和相关联的装置对于精确测量包括高反射镜的类型的空腔是特别有用的。在该方法中，提供了用于产生具有超过光腔的谐振频率间隔的带宽并用于将该脉冲引导到空腔中的激光的至少一个脉冲的装置。然后测量腔内的光的强度，并且确定这样的强度从第一预定值衰减到第二预定值的时间量。

2. 发明授权

US4837774A Common mirror triaxial ring laser gyroscope having a single internal cathode 失效
标题翻译：具有单个内部阴极的普通镜面三轴环激光陀螺仪
公开(公告)号：US4837774A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-06
申请号：US183580
申请日：1988-04-19
申请人： Salim N. Jabr , Thomas J. Hutchings , Nicholas Koumvakalis
发明人： Salim N. Jabr , Thomas J. Hutchings , Nicholas Koumvakalis
IPC分类号： G01C19/66 , H01S3/083
CPC分类号： G01C19/668 , H01S3/083
摘要： A compact three axis ring laser gyroscope having six laser corner mirrors which are positioned on the faces of a parallelopiped laser block, and method for making. Preferably the laser block is a cube. The laser block has a plurality of conduits therein for defining a plurality of closed laser beam-paths for guiding counterpropagating laser waves. Each laser beam-path has a gain medium therein and is formed to define a sensing axis for detection of rotations of the laser block. A single cathode is positioned inside the laser block, preferably substantially at its geometric center, and a plurality of anodes are mounted to the laser block and spaced apart from the cathode. A ion flow path is formed between each anode and the cathode such that application of a suitable electrical potential difference between the anodes and the cathode produces counterpropagating laser beams in each laser beam-path. The anodes are arranged to eliminate undesired Fresnel-Fizeau phase shifts by ensuring that each of the three ring gyros has two opposing ion flows.
摘要翻译：具有位于平行六面体激光器块的表面上的六个激光角镜的紧凑型三轴环激光陀螺仪及其制造方法。优选地，激光块是立方体。激光块在其中具有多个导管，用于限定用于引导反向传播的激光波的多个闭合的激光束路径。每个激光束路径中具有增益介质，并形成为限定用于检测激光块的旋转的感测轴。单个阴极位于激光器块的内部，优选地基本上在其几何中心处，并且多个阳极安装到激光器块并与阴极间隔开。在每个阳极和阴极之间形成离子流动路径，使得在阳极和阴极之间施加合适的电势差在每个激光束路径中产生反向传播的激光束。阳极设置为通过确保三个环形陀螺仪中的每一个具有两个相对的离子流来消除不期望的菲涅尔 - 菲索相移。

3. 发明授权

US5471455A High density optical storage system 失效
标题翻译：高密度光存储系统
公开(公告)号：US5471455A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-28
申请号：US245023
申请日：1994-05-17
申请人： Salim N. Jabr
发明人： Salim N. Jabr
IPC分类号： G11B7/005 , G11B7/013 , G11B7/125 , G11B7/13 , G11B7/135 , G11B7/26 , G11B7/00
CPC分类号： G11B7/1356 , G11B7/005 , G11B7/0051 , G11B7/125 , G11B7/131 , G11B7/24085 , G11B7/261
摘要： Digital information is represented by surface steps orthogonal to the surface of a record carrier, said steps having a plurality of values between one tenth and 10,000 nanometers. The steps are read out by an optical differential interference method that is capable of resolving one tenth of a nanometer. The steps are written by a repeated masking and etching technique to form a master record carrier on glass from which a stamper is formed by molding and used to stamp replicate record carriers in polymeric material. In a different embodiment of the record carrier the surface steps are created by a modulated laser beam that ablates an integral number of layers from a pre-coated multilayer structure. In a third embodiment the data is represented by modulating the index of refraction between spots on a thin material film. The index difference is written optically. An extension to multiple thin film layers is also disclosed. An optically writeable embodiment of the invention is presented wherein the surface steps are produced by ablating a surface, utilising optical energy pulses.
摘要翻译：数字信息由与记录载体的表面正交的表面步骤表示，所述步骤具有在十分之一至10,000纳米之间的多个值。这些步骤通过能够分辨十分之一纳米的光学差分干涉法来读出。通过重复掩模和蚀刻技术来写入步骤，以在玻璃上形成主记录载体，通过模制从而形成压模，并用于在聚合物材料中印刷复制记录载体。在记录载体的不同实施例中，表面台阶是通过调制的激光束产生的，所述调制的激光束从预涂层的多层结构中消除整体数量的层。在第三实施例中，通过调制薄材料膜上的斑点之间的折射率来表示数据。折射率差是光学写的。还公开了对多个薄膜层的延伸。本发明的可光学写入的实施例提出了其中通过利用光能脉冲来烧蚀表面而产生表面台阶。

4. 发明授权

US5196905A Radio frequency excited ring laser gyroscope 失效
标题翻译：射频激光环激光陀螺仪
公开(公告)号：US5196905A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-23
申请号：US517644
申请日：1990-04-06
申请人： Tae W. Hahn , Salim N. Jabr
发明人： Tae W. Hahn , Salim N. Jabr
IPC分类号： G01C19/66 , H01S3/038 , H01S3/083 , H01S3/0975
CPC分类号： G01C19/661 , H01S3/038 , H01S3/083 , H01S3/0975
摘要： A radio frequency excitation system is disclosed for use in conjunction with a ring laser gyroscope. The radio frequency excitation system is comprised of a closed resonant cavity which surrounds a helical coil driven at a high radio frequency at a range of 5 to 550 megahertz. This closed resonant coil surrounds one leg of a ring laser gyroscope which is carved out and exposed so that it may be surrounded by the resonant cavity. Using such a radio frequency excitation system eliminates the need for high power DC discharge components such as cathodes and anodes, as well as problems inherent with properly sealing the cathodes and anodes to the monolithic frame of the ring laser gyroscope.
摘要翻译：公开了一种与环形激光陀螺仪结合使用的射频激励系统。射频激励系统包括一个封闭的谐振腔，该谐振腔围绕以5至550兆赫的范围的高射频驱动的螺旋线圈。该闭合谐振线圈围绕环形激光陀螺仪的一条腿，该环形激光陀螺仪被雕刻出并暴露，使得其可被谐振腔包围。使用这种射频激励系统消除了对诸如阴极和阳极的高功率DC放电元件的需要，以及将阴极和阳极适当地密封到环形激光陀螺仪的单片框架所固有的问题。

5. 发明授权

US5887091A Bidirectional optical amplifier having flat gain 失效
标题翻译：具有平坦增益的双向光放大器
公开(公告)号：US5887091A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-23
申请号：US896930
申请日：1997-07-18
申请人： Salim N. Jabr , Gennady I. Farber , Edward A. Vetter , Sami T. Hendow
发明人： Salim N. Jabr , Gennady I. Farber , Edward A. Vetter , Sami T. Hendow
IPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H04B10/17 , G02N6/28
CPC分类号： H04B10/2941 , H01S3/067 , H04B10/2972 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/06787
摘要： A bidirectionally amplifying rare earth doped fiber optical amplifier having an equalized gain at multiple wavelengths is disclosed for use in dense wavelength multiplexed bidirectional fiber transmission applications. In a first embodiment, a four port circulator is utilized with two amplifying fibers; one for each direction of propagation and a multiplicity of gratings configured to equalize the gain at the different wavelengths. Different embodiments utilizing three port and four port circulators are utilized. A more general amplifier device with equal gain at multiple wavelengths is disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了在多波长多路复用双向光纤传输应用中使用均衡增益的双向放大稀土掺杂光纤放大器。在第一实施例中，四端口循环器与两个放大光纤一起使用; 一个用于每个传播方向，以及多个光栅被配置成均衡在不同波长的增益。利用利用三端口和四端口循环器的不同实施例。公开了一种在多个波长处具有相等增益的更一般的放大器装置。

6. 发明授权

US5861981A Optical amplifier having dynamically shaped gain 失效
标题翻译：具有动态调整增益的光放大器
公开(公告)号：US5861981A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-19
申请号：US915129
申请日：1997-08-20
申请人： Salim N. Jabr
发明人： Salim N. Jabr
IPC分类号： H01S3/094 , H01S3/13 , H01S3/131 , H01S3/22 , G02B6/26 , H01S3/091
CPC分类号： H01S3/1301 , H01S3/094096
摘要： A system and method are disclosed for adjusting the gain profile of an optical amplifier including a pump laser and an active gain element by selectively controlling the electron populations of at least one Stark sublevel of the electronic energy levels of the optical amplifier's active gain element. By dynamically controlling the electron populations of selected Stark sublevels the gain profile of the active gain element can be flattened. In a first method for controlling electron populations two-photon transitions are initiated between a pair of Stark sublevels of the same energy manifold of the active gain element. Two-photon transitions are stimulated by two additional pump lasers operating at wavelengths whose difference approximates the energy difference in the pair of Stark sublevels between which electrons are to be moved. In a second method for controlling electron populations single-photon transitions are initiated between a pair of Stark sublevels of different energy manifolds of the active gain element. Single-photon transitions are stimulated by an additional pump laser operating at a frequency difference that approximates the difference in the pair of energy levels. Alternatively, single photon transitions are stimulated by operating the amplifier's pump laser at a wavelength selected so as to simultaneously cause electron transitions from the ground level of the active gain element to one of the higher energy levels and electron transitions from a selected Stark sublevel of the upper laser level to a yet higher energy level.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于通过选择性地控制光放大器的主动增益元件的电子能级的至少一个斯塔克亚级的电子群来调整包括泵浦激光器和有源增益元件的光放大器的增益曲线的系统和方法。通过动态地控制所选斯塔克亚级的电子群体，可以使主动增益元件的增益曲线变平。在用于控制电子群的第一种方法中，在有源增益元件的相同能量歧管的一对Stark子级之间启动双光子跃迁。双光子跃迁由两个额外的泵浦激光器激发，其操作波长的差异近似于要在其中移动电子的斯塔克亚级对之间的能量差。在用于控制电子群的第二种方法中，在有源增益元件的不同能量歧管的一对Stark子级之间启动单光子跃迁。单光子跃迁由附近的泵浦激光器激发，其频率差近似于能量对中的差。或者，通过以选定的波长操作放大器的泵浦激光器来刺激单个光子跃迁，以同时引起从有源增益元件的地电平的电子跃迁到来自所选择的斯塔克级别的更高能级和电子跃迁之一上激光水平达到更高的能级。

7. 发明授权

US5969834A Method and apparatus for monitoring wavelength multiplexed optical signals 失效
标题翻译：用于监测波长复用光信号的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5969834A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-19
申请号：US922295
申请日：1997-09-03
申请人： Gennady I. Farber , Salim N. Jabr , Edward A. Vetter , Victor A. Zeyliger
发明人： Gennady I. Farber , Salim N. Jabr , Edward A. Vetter , Victor A. Zeyliger
IPC分类号： H04B10/08
CPC分类号： H04B10/071
摘要： One method of determining the signal to noise ratio of an optical signal models the noise floor based on amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) which is accumulated along the link. The ASE wavelength dependence is represented by a known mathematical function with a limited number of parameters. The parameters of this function are derived from measurements of the noise floor at a limited number of points by computational best fit means. A number of fiber grating filters at wavelengths between ITU allocated wavelengths are used to sample the optical noise and reflect the light back. An optical circulator is used to direct the reflected ASE light to an optical switch which allows the detector to select between transmitted and reflected light. The signal transmitted through the switch is monitored by a scanning filter with the appropriate resolution to resolve the signal or noise peaks. A first scan of the transmitted peaks is carried out and the signal is digitized and stored. A second scan of the reflected noise is carried out and digitized. A microcomputer computes the peak values and wavelengths, calibrates the wavelength scale from the known grating wavelengths, recomputes the ASE shape and the SNR, and communicates the results to outside agents when queried.
摘要翻译：确定光信号的信噪比的一种方法是基于沿链路累积的放大的自发发射（ASE）模拟噪声本底。 ASE波长依赖性由具有有限数量参数的已知数学函数表示。该函数的参数是通过计算最佳拟合手段在有限数量的点测量噪声基底得出的。使用ITU分配波长之间波长的多个光纤光栅滤波器对光学噪声进行采样并反射光。光环行器用于将反射的ASE光引导到允许检测器在透射光和反射光之间进行选择的光开关。通过开关传输的信号由具有适当分辨率的扫描滤波器监测，以解决信号或噪声峰值。执行发送峰值的第一次扫描，并将信号数字化并存储。对反射噪声进行第二次扫描并进行数字化处理。微计算机计算峰值和波长，从已知光栅波长校准波长标度，重新计算ASE形状和SNR，并在查询时将结果传达给外部代理。

8. 发明授权

US5638355A Optical information reproducing by detecting phase shift of elevated symbols 失效
标题翻译：通过检测升高的符号的相移来再现光学信息
公开(公告)号：US5638355A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-10
申请号：US550379
申请日：1995-10-30
申请人： Salim N. Jabr
发明人： Salim N. Jabr
IPC分类号： G11B7/005 , G11B7/013 , G11B7/125 , G11B7/13 , G11B7/135 , G11B7/26 , G11B7/00
CPC分类号： G11B7/005 , G11B7/0051 , G11B7/125 , G11B7/131 , G11B7/1356 , G11B7/24085 , G11B7/261
摘要： Digital information is represented by surface designs with features smaller than the wavelength of the reading light on the surface of a record carrier, said designs producing continuously varying phases of the light reflected from them in a given direction. The designs are written by ion beam or electron beam milling of the surface of a master record carrier, then replicated onto a plurality of polymeric record carriers by stamping or molding. The records can also be written by applying light induced compaction of the surface materials.
摘要翻译：数字信息由具有小于记录载体表面上的读取光的波长的特征的表面设计表示，所述设计在给定方向上产生从它们反射的光的连续变化的相位。这些设计通过主记录载体的表面的离子束或电子束研磨来写入，然后通过冲压或模制复制到多个聚合物记录载体上。记录也可以通过施加光诱导的表面材料的压实来写入。

9. 发明授权

US5594748A Method and apparatus for predicting semiconductor laser failure 失效
标题翻译：用于预测半导体激光器故障的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5594748A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-14
申请号：US513361
申请日：1995-08-10
申请人： Salim N. Jabr
发明人： Salim N. Jabr
IPC分类号： H01S5/068 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H01S5/06825
摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for predicting the failure of semiconductor lasers. To predict the failure of a particular semiconductor laser, operational characteristics that are predictive of a laser's health are computed while the laser is in use (e.g., while the laser is transmitting a signal or pumping an optical amplifier or solid state laser). This is done by modulating the injection current of the semiconductor laser and observing changes in laser parameters such as output power and junction voltage. From these observations, various laser characteristics can be computed including current threshold, slope efficiency and dynamic resistance. By carefully selecting the injection current modulation frequency and degree, the system in which the laser is used is not significantly disturbed by the changes in output power. For example, modulating the injection current with a modulation period that is substantially less than the relaxation time of the dopant ions in a solid-state laser does not substantially affect the gain of the solid state laser. The current modulation and laser parameter sampling are controlled by a microprocessor via a controller interface. During any particular modulation cycle, the microprocessor stores multiple parameter samples in a random access memory. Once enough samples have been stored, the microprocessor computes the laser characteristics and compares them to beginning-of-life data for the same semiconductor laser, which are stored in a read only memory. If the laser characteristics are out of range with respect to the beginning-of-life data, the microprocessor outputs an alarm via a serial interface.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于预测半导体激光器故障的方法和装置。为了预测特定半导体激光器的故障，在使用激光器时（例如，当激光器正在传输信号或泵送光学放大器或固态激光器时）计算预测激光器健康的操作特性。这是通过调制半导体激光器的注入电流并观察诸如输出功率和结电压的激光参数的变化来完成的。从这些观察可以计算出各种激光特性，包括电流阈值，斜率效率和动态电阻。通过仔细选择注入电流调制频率和程度，使用激光的系统不会因输出功率的变化而受到很大的干扰。例如，以固体激光器中的掺杂剂离子的弛豫时间基本上小的调制周期调制注入电流基本上不影响固态激光器的增益。当前的调制和激光参数采样由微处理器通过控制器接口控制。在任何特定的调制周期期间，微处理器将多个参数样本存储在随机存取存储器中。一旦存储了足够的样品，微处理器计算激光器特性并将其与存储在只读存储器中的相同半导体激光器的寿命初始数据进行比较。如果激光特性相对于生命周期数据超出范围，则微处理器通过串行接口输出报警。

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