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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Universal perforating gun firing head
    • 通用射枪射击头
    • US5603384A
    • 1997-02-18
    • US540799
    • 1995-10-11
    • Robert K. BethelDavid G. HosieMichael B. Grayson
    • Robert K. BethelDavid G. HosieMichael B. Grayson
    • E21B43/1185E21B43/117
    • E21B43/11852E21B43/11855
    • A firing head for actuating an explosive charge in a perforating gun. A firing pin is positioned within the firing head housing to actuate a booster charge leading to the perforating gun. The firing pin can be actuated by mechanical techniques, by controlling the differential pressure between the housing pressure and the well pressure, and by controlling the absolute fluid pressure inside the housing. A release pin initially secures the firing pin, and the release pin can be mechanically actuated. The release pin is also releasably engaged with a differential piston that communicates with the well pressure through a port in the firing head housing. Increases in the housing fluid pressure moves the piston and attached release pin to release the firing pin into contact with the booster charge. Alternatively, the port can be plugged to permit absolute pressure actuation of the firing pin.
    • 用于在穿孔枪中致动炸药的击球头。 击发销定位在击发头壳体内,以致动器通向穿孔枪。 通过机械技术可以通过控制壳体压力和井压之间的差压以及通过控制壳体内的绝对流体压力来致动撞针。 释放销最初固定击发销,并且释放销可以机械地致动。 释放销还可释放地与通过打火头壳体中的端口与井压连通的差动活塞接合。 住房流体压力的增加使活塞和附接的释放销移动,以将击发销释放与增压装置接触。 或者,端口可以被插入以允许击发销的绝对压力致动。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • Valve operator and method
    • 阀门操作员和方法
    • US6059262A
    • 2000-05-09
    • US178006
    • 1998-10-23
    • David G. HosieMichael B. GraysonDavid G. Ward
    • David G. HosieMichael B. GraysonDavid G. Ward
    • F16K31/50F16K31/44
    • F16K31/502
    • The valve operator of the present invention provides an apparatus and method for reducing torque necessary for opening and closing a valve, such as a quarter-turn rotary valve. In the preferred embodiment, an outer handle adaptor has inner curved tracks that drive balls positioned in straight slots of a middle cylinder. As the balls move in the straight slots, they transfer torque energy to a valve shaft adaptor mounted within the middle cylinder and having outer curved threads that mesh with the balls. The pitch of the curved tracks of the outer handle differ from the pitch the curved tracks of the valve shaft adaptor to thereby effect a desired torque reduction ratio. The valve operator has relatively few components, at least three or more relatively rotatable components, preferably arranged in meshing configuration so as to effect a small size operator without the use of a gear box. The size of the operator is so small that it is comparable or the effectively the same as that of a valve having a simple straight-shaft valve operator.
    • 本发明的阀门操作器提供了一种用于减小打开和关闭诸如四分之一回转旋转阀的阀所需的扭矩的装置和方法。 在优选实施例中,外手柄适配器具有驱动位于中筒的直槽中的滚珠的内弯曲轨道。 当球在直槽中移动时,它们将扭矩能量传递到安装在中筒内的阀轴适配器,并具有与球啮合的外弧形螺纹。 外部手柄的弯曲轨道的间距与阀轴适配器的弯曲轨道的间距不同,从而实现期望的扭矩减小比。 阀操作者具有相对较少的部件,至少三个或更多个相对可旋转的部件,优选地布置成啮合构型,以便在不使用齿轮箱的情况下实现小尺寸操作。 操作者的尺寸非常小,使其具有与具有简单的直轴阀操作器的阀相当或有效地相同的尺寸。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Valve seat and method
    • 阀座和方法
    • US6082707A
    • 2000-07-04
    • US177446
    • 1998-10-23
    • David G. HosieMichael B. GraysonDavid G. Ward
    • David G. HosieMichael B. GraysonDavid G. Ward
    • F16K5/06F16K5/20F16K25/00
    • F16K5/0678F16K5/205
    • Apparatus and methods are disclosed for a valve seat wherein the geometry of the seat is such that the resultant axial forces due to the differential between internal and external pressure across the valve seat result in a resultant axial force that urges the valve seat into sealing engagement with the plug or other type of closure member, regardless of the direction of the differential pressure. Thus the valve seat is urged against the closure member regardless of whether the line pressure or bonnet pressure is higher. In the same manner, a resultant axial force urges a seal seat of the preferred embodiment into sealing engagement with the valve body. An axially moveable seal bearing ring is positioned between the valve seat and the seal seat that alters the effective geometry of the seat elements when it moves between a first position and a second position. The seal bearing ring moves responsively to the direction of the differential pressure across the seat elements. In the present configuration, when valve flow path pressure is greater than bonnet pressure, then seal bearing ring is urged against valve seat and effectively becomes part of the geometry of the valve seat. When bonnet pressure is greater than valve flow path pressure, then seal bearing ring is urged against seal seat and effectively becomes part of the geometry of the seal seat. The valve therefore effects a primary and secondary seal when the valve is closed so that even if the primary seal leaks, then the valve maintains its seal because the reversed differential across the secondary or downstream seat assembly causes the valve to maintain a gas tight seal.
    • 公开了一种用于阀座的装置和方法,其中座椅的几何形状使得由于跨越阀座的内部和外部压力之间的差异导致的合成轴向力导致产生的轴向力,其促使阀座与 插头或其他类型的封闭构件,不管差压方向如何。 因此,无论管路压力或发动机罩压力是否较高,阀座都被推靠在封闭构件上。 以相同的方式,合成的轴向力促使优选实施例的密封座与阀体密封接合。 轴向可移动的密封件支承环定位在阀座和密封座之间,当座位元件在第一位置和第二位置之间移动时,可改变座元件的有效几何形状。 密封轴承环响应于跨过座椅元件的压差的方向移动。 在目前的结构中,当阀门流路压力大于阀盖压力时,密封轴承环被推压到阀座上,并有效地成为阀座几何形状的一部分。 当阀盖压力大于阀流路压力时,密封轴承环被推压到密封座上,并有效地成为密封座几何形状的一部分。 因此,当阀门关闭时,阀门会影响初级和次级密封,因此即使主密封件泄漏,阀门仍然保持密封,因为跨越二级或下游阀座组件的反向差速器会导致阀门保持气密密封。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Rotating bop and method
    • 旋转bop和方法
    • US6129152A
    • 2000-10-10
    • US178328
    • 1998-10-23
    • David G. HosieMichael B. Grayson
    • David G. HosieMichael B. Grayson
    • E21B21/00E21B33/08E21B19/00
    • E21B33/085E21B2021/006
    • A rotating blowout preventer and method is disclosed that includes a flexible bladder that defines a pressure chamber radially outwardly of the bladder for direct activation of the bladder to allow for gas tight sealing along the variable profile of drill pipe and the irregular shape of the kelly. The pressure chamber for activating the bladder is preferably defined within the rotating seal assembly. As well, the rotating seal assembly includes both the bladder and the bearings. A pressure drop element is included within the hydraulic flow line through the rotating seal assembly so that the upper seal and bearing have a significantly reduced pressure drop for increased lifetime operation. The rotating seal assembly is hydraulically secured within the rotating blow-out preventer housing, preferably by remote control, by means of a preferred single cylindrical latch piston that moves upwardly and downwardly substantially parallel to the well bore axis. The latch piston wedgeably moves latch dogs radially inwardly to effect latching. After the latch piston is moved from the latch position, the latch dogs move radially outwardly as the rotating seal assembly is lifted from the rotating blow-out preventer housing as by a rig cat line to thereby effect quick change out of the bearings and/or the bladder.
    • 公开了一种旋转防喷器和方法,其包括柔性气囊,该柔性气囊限定气囊径向向外的压力室,用于气囊的直接活动,以允许沿着钻杆的可变轮廓和凯利的不规则形状的气密密封。 用于启动气囊的压力室优选地限定在旋转密封组件内。 同样,旋转密封组件包括气囊和轴承。 通过旋转密封组件在液压流动管线内包括压降元件,使得上部密封件和轴承具有显着降低的压降以增加寿命运行。 旋转密封组件通过优选的单个圆柱形闩锁活塞,优选通过远程控制液压地固定在旋转防喷器壳体内,该活塞向上和向下基本上平行于井眼轴线移动。 闩锁活塞可楔形地将闩锁径向向内移动以实现闩锁。 在闩锁活塞从闩锁位置移动之后,随着旋转的密封组件通过钻机猫线从旋转的防喷器壳体提升,闩锁爪径向向外移动,从而实现轴承的快速更换和/或 膀胱
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Underbalanced drill string deployment valve method and apparatus
    • 欠平衡钻柱布置阀的方法和装置
    • US06209663B1
    • 2001-04-03
    • US09291515
    • 1999-04-14
    • David G. Hosie
    • David G. Hosie
    • E21B2110
    • E21B23/006E21B21/08E21B21/10E21B23/00E21B34/102E21B2021/006E21B2034/005
    • Apparatus and methods for a deployment valve used with an underbalanced drilling system to enhance the advantages of underbalanced drilling. The underbalanced drilling system may typically comprise elements such as a rotating blow out preventer and drilling recovery system. The deployment valve is positioned in a tubular string, such as casing, at a well bore depth at or preferably substantially below the string light point of the drilling string. When the drilling string is above the string light point then the upwardly acting forces on the drilling string become greater than downwardly acting forces such that the drilling string begins to accelerate upwardly. The deployment valve has a bore sufficiently large to allow passage of the drill bit therethrough in the open position. The deployment valve may be closed when the drill string is pulled within the casing as may be necessary to service the drill string after drilling into a reservoir having a reservoir pressure. To allow the drill string to be removed from the casing, the pressure produced by the formation can be bled off and the drill string removed for servicing. The drill string can then be reinserted, the pressure in the casing above the deployment valve applied to preferably equalize pressure above and below the valve and the drill string run into the hole for further drilling.
    • 用于与欠平衡钻井系统一起使用的展开阀的装置和方法,以增强欠平衡钻井的优点。 欠平衡钻井系统通常可以包括诸如旋转防喷器和钻井恢复系统的元件。 展开阀定位在诸如壳体的管状柱中,在钻井深度处的井眼深度处或优选地基本上低于钻柱的弦光点。 当钻柱高于弦灯点时,钻杆上的向上作用的力将大于向下作用的力,使得钻柱开始向上加速。 展开阀具有足够大的孔,以允许钻头在打开位置通过其中。 当钻柱在壳体内被拉动时可以关闭展开阀,这可能是在钻进具有储层压力的储存器中之后维护钻柱所需要的。 为了允许将钻柱从壳体中移除,由地层产生的压力可以被排出并且钻柱被移除用于维修。 然后可以重新插入钻柱,施加在展开阀上方的壳体中的压力以优选地使阀上方和下方的压力平衡,并且钻柱进入孔以用于进一步钻孔。