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1. 发明申请

US20080251420A1 Method and apparatus for hydroprocessing low-volatile hydrocarbon materials into volatile liquids 有权
标题翻译：将低挥发性烃类材料加氢处理成挥发性液体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20080251420A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-16
申请号：US12082522
申请日：2008-04-11
申请人： Partha S. Ganguli , Alfred G. Comolli
发明人： Partha S. Ganguli , Alfred G. Comolli
IPC分类号： C10G45/08
CPC分类号： C10G65/18 , C10G47/26 , C10G2300/207 , C10G2300/301 , C10G2300/4006
摘要： A method and apparatus for catalytic hydroconversion processing of less volatile carbonaceous material to volatile liquid products is disclosed. The process is carried out in a plug-flow reactor system using nanosize metallic catalyst particles dispersed in the reactant slurry with compressed hydrogen/hydrogen-sulfide at a temperature between about 275° C. and 525° C. at a pressure of between about 800 psi and 6000 psi and a residence time in the reactors between about 1 minute and 4 hours.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于催化加氢转化处理挥发性较低的碳质材料至挥发性液体产品的方法和装置。该方法在使用在约275℃和525℃之间的温度下分散在反应物浆料中的压缩氢/硫化氢的纳米尺寸金属催化剂颗粒的柱塞流反应器系统中进行，压力为约800 psi和6000psi，并且在反应器中在约1分钟至4小时之间的停留时间。

2. 发明授权

US08092672B2 Method and apparatus for hydroprocessing low-volatile hydrocarbon materials into volatile liquids 有权
标题翻译：将低挥发性烃类材料加氢处理成挥发性液体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08092672B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-10
申请号：US12082522
申请日：2008-04-11
申请人： Partha S. Ganguli , Alfred G. Comolli
发明人： Partha S. Ganguli , Alfred G. Comolli
IPC分类号： C10G1/06 , C10G65/02
CPC分类号： C10G65/18 , C10G47/26 , C10G2300/207 , C10G2300/301 , C10G2300/4006
摘要： A method and apparatus for catalytic hydroconversion processing of less volatile carbonaceous material to volatile liquid products is disclosed. The process is carried out in a plug-flow reactor system using nanosize metallic catalyst particles dispersed in the reactant slurry with compressed hydrogen/hydrogen-sulfide at a temperature between about 275° C. and 525° C. at a pressure of between about 800 psi and 6000 psi and a residence time in the reactors between about 1 minute and 4 hours.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于催化加氢转化处理挥发性较低的碳质材料至挥发性液体产品的方法和装置。该方法在使用在约275℃和525℃之间的温度下分散在反应物浆料中的压缩氢/硫化氢的纳米尺寸金属催化剂颗粒的柱塞流反应器系统中进行，压力为约800 psi和6000psi，并且在反应器中在约1分钟至4小时之间的停留时间。

3. 发明授权

US06906000B1 Stable carbonous catalyst particles and method for making and utilizing same 失效
标题翻译：稳定的碳质催化剂颗粒及其制备和利用方法
公开(公告)号：US06906000B1
公开(公告)日：2005-06-14
申请号：US10014955
申请日：2001-12-11
申请人： Partha S. Ganguli , Alfred G. Comolli
发明人： Partha S. Ganguli , Alfred G. Comolli
IPC分类号： B01J21/18 , B01J23/04 , B01J23/06 , B01J23/26 , B01J23/34 , B01J23/86 , B01J35/00 , B01J35/02 , B01J35/10 , B01J37/00 , B01J37/03 , B01J37/08 , C10G2/00 , B01J23/00 , B01J23/48 , B01J31/00 , B32B15/02
CPC分类号： C10G2/33 , B01J21/18 , B01J23/04 , B01J23/06 , B01J23/26 , B01J23/34 , B01J23/868 , B01J35/002 , B01J35/023 , B01J35/1019 , B01J37/0018 , B01J37/03 , B01J37/084 , Y10T428/2982 , Y10T428/2991
摘要： Stable carbonous catalyst particles composed of an inorganic catalytic metal/metal oxide powder and a carbonaceous binder material are formed having a basic inner substantially uniform-porous carbon coating of the catalytic powder, and may include an outer porous carbon coating layer. Suitable inorganic catalytic powders include zinc-chromite (ZnO/Cr2 03) and suitable carbonaceous liquid binders having molecular weight of 200-700 include partially polymerized furfuryl alcohol, which are mixed together, shaped and carbonized and partially oxidized at elevated temperature. Such stable carbonous catalyst particles such as 0.020-0.100 inch (0.51-2.54 mm) diameter extrudates, have total carbon content of 2-25 wt. % and improved crush strength of 1.0-5 1b/mn, 50-300 m2/g surface area, and can be advantageously utilized in fixed bed or ebullated/fluidized bed reactor operations. This invention also includes method steps for making the stable carbonous catalyst particles having improved particle strength and catalytic activity, and processes for utilizing the active stable carbonous carbon-coated catalysts such as for syn-gas reactions in ebullated/fluidized bed reactors for producing alcohol products and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis liquid products.
摘要翻译：形成由无机催化金属/金属氧化物粉末和碳质粘合剂材料构成的稳定的碳酸催化剂颗粒，其具有催化粉末的碱性内部基本上均匀多孔的碳涂层，并且可以包括外部多孔碳涂层。合适的无机催化粉末包括亚铬酸锌（ZnO / Cr 2 O 3 O 3）和分子量为200-700的合适的含碳液体粘合剂包括部分聚合的糠醇，它们被混合在一起，成型和碳化并部分在高温下氧化。这种稳定的碳质催化剂颗粒，例如0.020-0.100英寸（0.51-2.54mm）直径的挤出物，其总碳含量为2-25wt。％，并且改善了1.0-51b / mn，50-300m 2 / g表面积的压碎强度，并且可以有利地用于固定床或沸腾/流化床反应器操作。本发明还包括用于制备具有改善的颗粒强度和催化活性的稳定的碳酸催化剂颗粒的方法步骤，以及利用活性稳定的碳碳涂层催化剂的方法步骤，例如在沸腾/流化床反应器中用于生产醇产物的合成气反应和费 - 托合成液体产品。

4. 发明授权

US5037791A Porous metal oxide supported carbon-coated catalysts and method for producing same 失效
标题翻译：多孔金属氧化物负载碳涂层催化剂及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US5037791A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-06
申请号：US541553
申请日：1990-06-21
申请人： Alfred G. Comolli , Partha S. Ganguli
发明人： Alfred G. Comolli , Partha S. Ganguli
IPC分类号： B01J21/18 , B01J23/24 , B01J23/74 , B01J35/10 , B01J37/02 , C10G49/02
CPC分类号： B01J21/18 , B01J23/24 , B01J23/74 , B01J35/002 , B01J35/0026 , B01J35/1014 , B01J35/1019 , B01J35/1038 , B01J35/1042 , B01J37/024 , C10G49/02
摘要： Supported carbon-coated catalyst material and a method for producing and using same in catalytic reaction processes, preferably in ebullated or fluidized catalyst beds. The catalyst materials are prepared by depositing a porous carbon layer on a support material of a selected metal oxide or compound to produce 5-40 wt. % carbon thereon, then preferentially treating the carbon based layer by partial oxidation, pyrolysis or reduction to enhance and activate the carbon layer on the catalyst. Promoter materials can also be advantageously added either to the support material or to the carbon layer in 0.5-10 wt. % to provide an improved composite carbon-coated catalyst having total pore volume of 0.3-1.0 cc/gm, substantially increased surface area of 80-600 M.sup.2 /gm, low surface acidity, particle strength of 1.8-5 lb/mm with reduced particle attrition losses and improved catalyst performance characteristics.
摘要翻译：支持的碳涂覆的催化剂材料及其在催化反应过程中的制备和使用方法，优选在沸腾或流化的催化剂床中。催化剂材料通过在所选择的金属氧化物或化合物的载体材料上沉积多孔碳以制备5-40wt。％碳，然后通过部分氧化，热解或还原来优先处理碳基层以增强和活化催化剂上的碳层。促进剂材料也可有利地以0.5-10wt。重量添加到载体材料或碳层中。％，以提供总孔体积为0.3-1.0cc / gm的改进的复合碳涂覆催化剂，基本上增加的表面积为80-600M2 / gm，表面酸度低，颗粒强度为1.8-5lb / mm，还原颗粒磨损损失和催化剂性能改善。

5. 发明授权

US5871638A Dispersed anion-modified phosphorus-promoted iron oxide catalysts 失效
标题翻译：分散阴离子改性磷促进氧化铁催化剂
公开(公告)号：US5871638A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-16
申请号：US742541
申请日：1996-11-01
申请人： Vivek R. Pradhan , Alfred G. Comolli , Lap-Keung Lee
发明人： Vivek R. Pradhan , Alfred G. Comolli , Lap-Keung Lee
IPC分类号： B01J23/74 , B01J23/745 , B01J23/84 , B01J23/881 , B01J27/053 , B01J27/185 , B01J27/19 , B01J35/12 , B01J37/03 , C10G1/00 , C10G1/08 , C10G1/10 , C10G47/02 , C10G47/26 , C10G49/12 , C10G65/02 , C10G65/10 , C10G1/06
CPC分类号： C10G1/10 , B01J23/745 , B01J23/881 , B01J27/053 , B01J27/1853 , B01J35/12 , B01J37/036 , C10G1/002 , C10G1/006 , C10G1/086 , C10G47/02 , C10G47/26 , C10G49/12 , C10G65/02 , C10G65/10 , B01J23/74 , B01J23/84 , B01J27/19
摘要： A dispersed fine-sized anion-modified and phosphorus-promoted iron-oxide slurry catalyst having high surface area exceeding 100 m.sup.2 /gm and high catalytic activity, and which is useful for hydrogenation and hydroconversion reactions for carbonaceous feed materials is disclosed. The catalyst is synthesized by rapid aqueous precipitation from saturated salt solutions such as ferric sulfate and ferric alum, and is promoted with phosphorus. The iron-based catalysts are modified during their preparation with anionic sulfate (SO.sub.4.sup.2-). The resulting catalyst has primary particle size smaller than about 50 Angstrom units, and may be used in a preferred wet cake or gel form which can be easily mixed with a carbonaceous feed material such as coal, heavy petroleum fractions, mixed waste plastics, or mixtures thereof. Alternatively, the catalyst can be dried and/or calcined so as to be in a fine dry particulate form suitable for adding to the feed material. The invention includes methods for making the catalyst and processes for using the catalyst for hydroprocessing of carbonaceous feed materials to produce desirable low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid products.
摘要翻译：公开了一种具有超过100m 2 / gm的高表面积和高催化活性的分散的细大阴离子改性和磷促进氧化铁浆料催化剂，其可用于含碳原料的氢化和加氢转化反应。催化剂是通过从硫酸铁和三价铁明矾等饱和盐溶液中快速含水沉淀合成的，并用磷促进。铁基催化剂在制备时用阴离子硫酸盐（SO42-）进行改性。所得到的催化剂具有小于约50埃单位的初级粒度，并且可以优选的湿饼或凝胶形式使用，其可以容易地与碳质进料如煤，重质石油馏分，混合废塑料或混合物混合其中。或者，可以将催化剂干燥和/或煅烧成适于添加到进料中的细干燥颗粒形式。本发明包括制备催化剂的方法和使用催化剂加氢处理含碳原料以生产所需低沸点烃液体产物的方法。

6. 发明授权

US06190542B1 Catalytic multi-stage process for hydroconversion and refining hydrocarbon feeds 有权
标题翻译：用于加氢转化和精炼烃进料的催化多阶段方法
公开(公告)号：US06190542B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-20
申请号：US09241505
申请日：1999-02-01
申请人： Alfred G. Comolli , Lap-Keung Lee
发明人： Alfred G. Comolli , Lap-Keung Lee
IPC分类号： C10G106
CPC分类号： B01J23/745 , B01J23/74 , B01J23/84 , B01J23/881 , B01J27/053 , B01J27/1853 , B01J27/19 , B01J35/12 , B01J37/036 , C10G1/002 , C10G1/006 , C10G1/086 , C10G1/10 , C10G47/02 , C10G47/26 , C10G49/12 , C10G65/02 , C10G65/10
摘要： A multi-stage catalytic hydrogenation and hydroconversion process for heavy hydrocarbon feed materials such as coal, heavy petroleum fractions, and plastic waste materials. In the process, the feedstock is reacted in a first-stage, back-mixed catalytic reactor with a highly dispersed iron-based catalyst having a powder, gel or liquid form. The reactor effluent is pressure-reduced, vapors and light distillate fractions are removed overhead, and the heavier liquid fraction is fed to a second stage back-mixed catalytic reactor. The first and second stage catalytic reactors are operated at 700-850° F. temperature, 1000-3500 psig hydrogen partial pressure and 20-80 lb./hr per ft3 reactor space velocity. The vapor and light distillates liquid fractions removed from both the first and second stage reactor effluent streams are combined and passed to an in-line, fixed-bed catalytic hydrotreater for heteroatom removal and for producing high quality naphtha and mid-distillate or a full-range distillate product. The remaining separator bottoms liquid fractions are distilled at successive atmospheric and vacuum pressures, low and intermediate-boiling hydrocarbon liquid products are withdrawn, and heavier distillate fractions are recycled and further upgraded to provide additional low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid products. This catalytic multistage hydrogenation process provides improved flexibility for hydroprocessing the various carbonaceous feedstocks and adjusting to desired product structures and for improved economy of operations.
摘要翻译：用于重烃原料如煤，重质石油馏分和塑料废料的多阶段催化氢化和加氢转化工艺。在该方法中，原料在第一级反混合催化反应器中与具有粉末，凝胶或液体形式的高度分散的铁基催化剂反应。反应器流出物被减压，蒸气和轻馏分馏分顶部除去，较重的液体馏分进料到第二级反混合催化反应器中。第一级和第二级催化反应器在700-850°F温度，1000-3500psig氢分压和20-80磅/小时/ ft 3反应器空间速度下操作。蒸汽和轻馏分将从第一和第二阶段反应器中除去的液体馏分进行蒸馏，将流出物流合并，并通入直列固定床催化加氢处理器除去杂质，并生产高质量的石脑油和中间馏分，范围馏出物。剩余的分离器底部液体馏分在连续的大气压和真空压力下蒸馏，取出低和中等沸点的烃液体产物，再重馏出馏分，进一步升级以提供另外的低沸点烃液体产物。这种催化多级氢化方法提供了改进的各种碳质原料的加氢处理和调整到所需产物结构以及改善操作经济性的灵活性。

7. 发明授权

US4842719A Catalytic two-stage coal hydrogenation and hydroconversion process 失效
标题翻译：催化两阶段煤炭加氢和加氢转化过程
公开(公告)号：US4842719A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US876307
申请日：1986-06-18
申请人： James B. MacArthur , Joseph B. McLean , Alfred G. Comolli
发明人： James B. MacArthur , Joseph B. McLean , Alfred G. Comolli
IPC分类号： C10G1/00
CPC分类号： C10G1/006
摘要： A process for two-stage catalytic hydrogenation and liquefaction of coal to produce increased yields of low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid and gas products. In the process, the particulate coal is slurried with a process-derived liquid solvent and fed at temperature below about 650.degree. F. into a first stage catalytic reaction zone operated at conditions which promote controlled rate liquefaction of the coal, while simultaneously hydrogenating the hydrocarbon recycle oils at conditions favoring hydrogenation reactions. The first stage reactor is maintained at 650.degree.-800.degree. F. temperature, 1000-4000 psig hydrogen partial pressure, and 10-60 lb coal/hr/ft.sup.3 reactor space velocity. The partially hydrogenated material from the first stage reaction zone is passed directly to the close-coupled second stage catalytic reaction zone maintained at a temperature at least about 25.degree. F. higher than for the first stage reactor and within a range of 750.degree.-875.degree. F. temperature for further hydrogenation and thermal hydroconversion reactions. By this process, the coal feed is successively catalytically hydrogenated and hydroconverted at selected conditions, which results in significantly increased yields of desirable low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid products and minimal production of undesirable residuum and unconverted coal and hydrocarbon gases, with use of less energy to obtain the low molecular weight products, while catalyst life is substantially increased.
摘要翻译：一种两阶段催化氢化和液化煤的方法，以产生低沸点烃液体和气体产物的产量。在该过程中，颗粒状煤用工艺衍生的液体溶剂浆化并在低于约650°F的温度下进料到在促进煤的受控速率液化的条件下操作的第一级催化反应区，同时使烃循环油在有利于氢化反应的条件下。第一级反应器保持在650-800°F的温度，1000-4000psig的氢气分压和10-60磅煤/小时/立方米的反应器空间速度。来自第一级反应区的部分氢化的物质直接通入保持在比第一级反应器高至少约25°F的温度的紧耦合的第二级催化反应区，并且在750°-875的范围内温度进一步氢化和热加氢转化反应。通过这个过程，煤炭进料在选择的条件下依次进行催化氢化和加氢转化，这导致所需的低沸点烃液体产物的产量显着提高，并且不需要的残渣和未转化的煤和碳氢化合物气体的产生量减少，获得低分子量产物，而催化剂寿命显着增加。

8. 发明授权

US4839030A Coal liquefaction process utilizing coal/CO.sub.2 slurry feedstream 失效
标题翻译：采用煤/二氧化碳浆料进料流的煤液化过程
公开(公告)号：US4839030A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-13
申请号：US199493
申请日：1988-05-27
申请人： Alfred G. Comolli , Joseph B. McLean
发明人： Alfred G. Comolli , Joseph B. McLean
IPC分类号： C10G1/08
CPC分类号： C10G1/083 , Y10S208/952
摘要： A coal hydrogenation and liquefaction process in which particulate coal feed is pressurized to an intermediate pressure of at least 500 psig and slurried with CO.sub.2 liquid to provide a flowable coal/CO.sub.2 slurry feedstream, which is further pressurized to at least 1000 psig and fed into a catalytic reactor. The coal particle size is 50-375 mesh (U.S. Sieve Series) and provides 50-80 W % coal in the coal/CO.sub.2 slurry feedstream. Catalytic reaction conditions are maintained at 650.degree.-850.degree. F. temperature, 1000-4000 psig hydrogen partial pressure and coal feed rate of 10-100 lb coal/hr ft.sup.3 reactor volume to produce hydrocarbon gas and liquid products. The hydrogen and CO.sub.2 are recovered from the reactor effluent gaseous fraction, hydrogen is recycled to the catalytic reactor, and CO.sub.2 is liquefied and recycled to the coal slurrying step. If desired, two catalytic reaction stages close coupled together in series relation can be used. The process advantageously minimizes the recycle and processing of excess hydrocarbon liquid previously needed for slurrying the coal feed to the reactor(s).
摘要翻译：煤炭加氢和液化过程，其中颗粒煤进料被加压至至少500psig的中间压力并用CO 2液体浆化以提供可流动的煤/ CO 2浆料进料流，其进一步加压至至少1000psig并进料至催化反应器。煤粒度为50-375目（美国筛系列），在煤/二氧化碳浆料进料流中提供50-80％的煤。催化反应条件保持在650°-850°F的温度，1000-4000psig的氢气分压和10-100lb煤/ hr ft 3反应器体积的煤进料速率，以产生烃气体和液体产物。从反应器流出气体馏分中回收氢气和二氧化碳，将氢气再循环到催化反应器中，并将二氧化碳液化并再循环至煤浆化步骤。如果需要，可以使用两个串联连接在一起的催化反应级。该方法有利地使先前需要的过量碳氢化合物液体的再循环和加工最小化，以使煤进料到反应器中。

9. 发明授权

US4151073A Process for phase separation 失效
标题翻译：相分离方法
公开(公告)号：US4151073A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-24
申请号：US956534
申请日：1978-10-31
申请人： Alfred G. Comolli
发明人： Alfred G. Comolli
IPC分类号： B01D19/00 , C10G1/04 , C10G1/06 , C10G31/10 , C10G9/16
CPC分类号： C10G1/06 , B01D19/0057 , C10G1/045 , C10G31/10
摘要： This invention provides a continuous process for separating a gaseous phase from a hydrocarbon liquid containing carbonaceous particulates and gases. The liquid is fed to a cylindrical separator, with the gaseous phase being removed therefrom as an overhead product, whereas the hydrocarbon liquid and the particulates are withdrawn as a bottoms product. By feeding the liquid tangentially to the separator and maintaining a particulate-liquid slurry downward velocity of from about 0.01 to about 0.25 fps in the separator, a total solids weight percent in the slurry of from about 0.1 to about 30%, a slurry temperature of from about 550.degree. to about 900.degree. F., a slurry residence time in the separator of from about 30 to about 360 seconds, and a length/diameter ratio for the separator of from about 20/1 to about 50/1, so that the characterization factor, .alpha., defined as ##STR1## DOES NOT EXCEED ABOUT 48 (.degree.R sec.sup.2)/ft, the deposit of carbonaceous materials on the interior surface of the separator may be substantially eliminated.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于从含有碳质颗粒和气体的烃液体中分离气相的连续方法。将液体进料到圆柱形分离器，其中气相作为塔顶产物从其中除去，而烃液体和颗粒作为塔底产物排出。通过将液体切向地供给到分离器并且在分离器中保持颗粒状液体浆料向下的速度为约0.01至约0.25fps，浆料中的总固体重量百分比为约0.1至约30％，浆料温度为约550°至约900°F，在隔板中的淤浆停留时间为约30至约360秒，隔膜的长度/直径比为约20/1至约50/1，使得表征因子α定义为不超过48（DEG R sec2）/ ft，在分离器内表面上的碳质材料的沉积可以基本上消除。

10. 发明授权

US07795319B1 Tire recycling method generating carbonous residue 有权
标题翻译：轮胎回收方法产生碳残渣
公开(公告)号：US07795319B1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-14
申请号：US12147948
申请日：2008-06-27
申请人： Alfred G. Comolli , David L. Tanner
发明人： Alfred G. Comolli , David L. Tanner
IPC分类号： C08J11/04
CPC分类号： C10G1/10
摘要： A process for making a carbonous residue from scrap tires is disclosed. Tires are digested in an oil product. Steel and glass fibers are separated. A product enhancing additive comprising halogen based organic or inorganic compounds is added. The resulting carbonaceous material is then cured to create the final product. The produced carbonous residue is well suited for capture of mercury. The present invention has the benefits of providing a use for scrap tires that would otherwise require disposal in a landfill, and also produces a product useful for capturing a harmful element, thereby providing multiple environmental and economic benefits.
摘要翻译：公开了一种从废轮胎制造碳残余物的方法。轮胎在油品中消化。钢和玻璃纤维分离。加入含有卤素类有机或无机化合物的增产添加剂。然后将所得碳质材料固化以产生最终产物。产生的碳残留物非常适合捕获汞。本发明的优点在于提供另外需要在垃圾填埋场中处理的废旧轮胎的用途，并且还产生用于捕获有害元素的产品，从而提供多种环境和经济效益。

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