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    • 7. 发明授权
    • Apparatus for the diacritic cracking of hydrocarbon feeds for the
selective production of ethylene and synthesis gas
    • 用于选择性生产乙烯和合成气的碳氢化合物进料的裂变裂化装置
    • US4288408A
    • 1981-09-08
    • US922675
    • 1978-07-07
    • Eugene D. GuthLeGrand A. DalyJohn K. Arand
    • Eugene D. GuthLeGrand A. DalyJohn K. Arand
    • C10G9/38B01J7/00B01J10/00
    • C10G9/38C10G2400/20Y02P30/40
    • Apparatus for the diacritic cracking of heavy hydrocarbon feeds includes a combustor for burning a fuel, to provide the hot combustion products to the reactor. The combustor is water cooled and includes gas filming with an appropriate gas such as N.sub.2 or CO.sub.2 to avoid coking in the combustor by preventing impingement of the fuel and combustion products on the combustor walls. The reactor is of reduced cross-section, also preferably utilizing gas filming to avoid coking on the reactor walls. Feed stock injectors are provided adjacent the reactor inlet. Adjacent the outlet end of the reactor is a quench section designed for the rapid injection of a quench fluid to reduce the stream temperature below that at which further cracking will take place, with the quench injectors also being gas filmed to avoid the coking thereof. Thereafter a tubular heat exchanger is provided to remove additional heat from the primary flow stream from the reactor for recovery purposes, the heat exchanger again using gas filming to minimize the build-up of coking and tar build-up, particularly encouraged by the rapidly decreasing temperatures. The gaseous products are then further quenched and cooled for processing by conventional means.
    • 用于重烃进料的裂变裂化的装置包括用于燃烧燃料的燃烧器,以将热燃烧产物提供给反应器。 燃烧器是水冷的,并且包括用合适的气体例如N 2或CO 2进行气体成膜,以避免燃烧器中的燃料和燃烧产物撞击在燃烧器壁上。 反应器的横截面减小,还优选利用气体成膜以避免焦化在反应器壁上。 在反应器入口附近提供原料喷射器。 邻近反应器的出口端是淬火部分,其设计用于快速注入骤冷流体,以将物流温度降低到低于将发生进一步裂化的流温度,同时骤冷喷射器也被气相成膜以避免焦化。 此后,提供管状热交换器以从用于回收目的的反应器的主流流中除去额外的热量,热交换器再次使用气体成膜以最小化焦化和焦油堆积的积聚,特别是由快速降低 温度。 然后将气体产物进一步骤冷和冷却以通过常规方法进行处理。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Diacritic cracking of hydrocarbon feeds for selective production of
ethylene and synthesis gas
    • 用于选择性生产乙烯和合成气的碳氢化合物进料的开裂裂纹
    • US4166830A
    • 1979-09-04
    • US917462
    • 1978-06-21
    • Eugene D. GuthLeGrand A. DalyJohn K. Arand
    • Eugene D. GuthLeGrand A. DalyJohn K. Arand
    • C10G9/38C07C3/08
    • C10G9/38C10G2400/26Y10S585/95Y10S585/953
    • A continuous process for the selective production of ethylene by the diacritic cracking of heavy hydrocarbon feeds such as residual oils, heavy vacuum gas oils, atmospheric gas oils, crude oils and coal-derived liquids. The diacritic cracking takes place in a non-tubular multi-zone reactor at elevated pressures (e.g. 70-1000 p.s.i.a.) A fuel is combusted with oxygen in the first section of the multi-zone reactor. The high temperature products of combustion of the first zone pass into a second section of the reactor where the feed is atomized and cracked to yield products including ethylene, acetylene and synthesis gas. The reaction products of the second zone then pass into a third section in which they are quenched. In each stage of the reactor the present process seeks to prevent the build-up of coke deposits on the walls of the reactor. In the first two stages, a film of gas such as CO.sub.2 or N.sub.2 is injected along the inner walls to prevent build-up of coke. In the quench section, the liquid material introduced as the quenching fluid also acts as a barrier to prevent coking.
    • 用于通过重烃进料例如残油,重真空瓦斯油,常压瓦斯油,原油和煤源液体的裂解反应来选择性生产乙烯的连续方法。 间断裂化在非管状多区域反应器中在升高的压力(例如70-1000p.s.i.a.)下进行。燃料在多区域反应器的第一部分中与氧气一起燃烧。 第一区域的高温燃烧产物进入反应器的第二部分,其中进料被雾化和裂化以产生包括乙烯,乙炔和合成气的产物。 然后第二区的反应产物进入第三段,在其中淬火。 在反应器的每个阶段,本方法试图防止焦炭沉积物堆积在反应器的壁上。 在前两个阶段,沿内壁注入气体如二氧化碳或氮气,以防止焦炭的积聚。 在淬火部分中,作为淬火流体引入的液体材料也用作防止焦化的屏障。