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1. 发明授权

US4886555A Solar cell 失效
标题翻译：太阳能电池
公开(公告)号：US4886555A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-12
申请号：US176286
申请日：1988-03-31
申请人： Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Rudolf Hezel
发明人： Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Rudolf Hezel
IPC分类号： H01L31/04 , H01L31/0216 , H01L31/0224 , H01L31/062
CPC分类号： H01L31/035281 , H01L31/02167 , H01L31/022433 , H01L31/062 , Y02E10/547
摘要： Proposed is a silicon solar cell with a substrate body on one side of which an electrical field is generated by an MIS contact to cause separation of charge carriers generated by radiation energy. The minority charge carriers are drawn off in the metal of the MIS contact, whereas the majority charge carriers are conducted away by ohmic contacts arranged on the opposite side. The ohmic contacts are located on elevated areas relative to the substrate surface. Moreover, the side of the substrate body bearing the ohmic contacts is completely covered with at least one passivation layer.
摘要翻译：提出了一种硅太阳能电池，其一面具有衬底主体，其一面由MIS接触产生电场，以引起由辐射能产生的电荷载流子的分离。少数电荷载体在MIS接触的金属中被拉出，而大多数电荷载体被布置在相对侧上的欧姆接触导通。欧姆接触位于相对于基板表面的升高的区域上。此外，承载欧姆接触的基板主体的一侧被至少一个钝化层完全覆盖。

2. 发明授权

US4426338A Process for the production of U.sub.3 O.sub.8 sintered bodies 失效
标题翻译：生产U3O8烧结体的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4426338A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-17
申请号：US274793
申请日：1981-06-18
申请人： Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Milan Hrovat , Hans Huschka , Karl-Heinz Koch
发明人： Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Milan Hrovat , Hans Huschka , Karl-Heinz Koch
IPC分类号： C04B35/51 , G21C3/36 , G21C3/62 , G21C21/00
CPC分类号： C04B35/51 , G21C3/623 , Y02E30/38
摘要： For the production of plate shaped fuel elements for material testing and research reactors with highly enriched uranium recently there has been needed U.sub.3 O.sub.8 fuels which have a high density, high strength and a small open porosity. Such fuels are obtained if U.sub.3 O.sub.8 powder produced in known manner is first compressed mechanically to molded bodies of any shape, then processed to a granulate having a size of fuel grains below 200.mu. and subsequently sintered to high density particles, preferably at 1370.degree..+-.50.degree. C.
摘要翻译：最近生产用于具有高浓缩铀的材料试验和研究堆的板状燃料元件需要具有高密度，高强度和小开孔度的U3O8燃料。以已知方式制备的U3O8粉末首先被机械压制成任何形状的成型体，然后加工成具有低于200μm的燃料颗粒尺寸的颗粒并随后烧结成高密度颗粒，优选1370℃/ -50℃

3. 发明授权

US4119563A Process for the production of fuel and fertile particles 失效
标题翻译：生产燃料和肥沃颗粒的过程
公开(公告)号：US4119563A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-10
申请号：US759550
申请日：1977-01-14
申请人： Martin Kadner , Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Gerhard Spener
发明人： Martin Kadner , Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Gerhard Spener
IPC分类号： C01G43/00 , B01J2/08 , C01B31/30 , C01G56/00 , G21C3/00 , G21C3/62 , G21C21/02 , G21C21/16
CPC分类号： B01J2/08 , G21C3/62 , G21C3/623 , Y02E30/38
摘要： There is provided a process for the production of spherical fuel and/or fertile oxide or carbide particles for a nuclear reactor, especially a high temperature reactor, by casting an aqueous solution of a uranium and/or a thorium and/or plutonium salt, as well as in the case of the production of carbide particles finely dispersed carbon also, from a vibrating nozzle, passing the drops formed through an ammonia containing gas zone into an ammoniacal precipitation bath with subsequent washing, drying and sintering or melting. To the aqueous solution there is added individually or in admixture a water soluble or water miscible monomeric hydrocarbon having an aldehyde, keto, ether, amino, imino, phenol, carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid amide group, which substituted hydrocarbons form stable adducts with uranium, thorium and plutonium in aqueous alkaline solution, which adducts cannot be washed out with water and which does not impart to the solution a viscosity of over 15 cp at 20.degree. C.
摘要翻译：提供了通过将铀和/或钍和/或钚盐的水溶液浇铸成生产用于核反应堆，特别是高温反应器的球形燃料和/或可生物氧化物或碳化物颗粒的方法，如就像在生产碳化物微粒的同时从振动喷嘴生产碳化物颗粒的情况下，将通过含氨气体区形成的液滴通过氨沉淀浴进行洗涤，干燥和烧结或熔化。向水溶液中单独或混合加入具有醛，酮，醚，氨基，亚氨基，苯酚，羧酸或羧酸酰胺基团的水溶性或水混溶性单体烃，其取代的烃与铀形成稳定的加合物，钍和钚在碱性水溶液中，该加合物不能用水洗涤，并且在20℃下不赋予溶液超过15cp的粘度。

4. 发明授权

US4076775A Block fuel elements for high temperature power reactors 失效
标题翻译：阻止高温动力反应堆的燃料元件
公开(公告)号：US4076775A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-28
申请号：US651563
申请日：1976-01-22
申请人： Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Milan Hrovat , Willi Wolff
发明人： Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Milan Hrovat , Willi Wolff
IPC分类号： G21C3/28 , G21C3/64 , G21C21/02 , G21C21/00
CPC分类号： G21C3/28 , G21C21/02 , G21C3/64 , Y02E30/33 , Y02E30/38
摘要： Block fuel elements are prepared according to application Ser. No. 218,244 of Jan. 17, 1972, and now abandoned, from isotropic graphite granulates and coated fuel particles solely by pressing and without any mechanical processing. The cooling channels are pressed directly along with the other parts of the fuel elements.
摘要翻译：块燃料元素根据应用Ser。 1972年1月17日第218,244号，现在放弃了，从各向同性石墨颗粒和涂层燃料颗粒单独通过压制和没有任何机械加工。冷却通道与燃料元件的其它部分一起被直接按压。

5. 发明授权

US4017567A Process for the production of block fuel elements for gas cooled high temperature power reactor 失效
标题翻译：生产用于气冷高温动力反应堆的块燃料元件的方法
公开(公告)号：US4017567A
公开(公告)日：1977-04-12
申请号：US577054
申请日：1975-05-13
申请人： Milan Hrovat , Willi Wolff , Karl-Gerhard Hackstein
发明人： Milan Hrovat , Willi Wolff , Karl-Gerhard Hackstein
IPC分类号： G21C3/28 , G21C3/64 , G21C21/02 , G21C21/00
CPC分类号： G21C21/02 , G21C3/28 , G21C3/64 , Y02E30/33 , Y02E30/38
摘要： Molded block fuel elements having an isotropic structure useful for gas cooled high temperature power reactors are prepared by first producing an isotropic graphite granulate of high density with a definite porosity from a molding powder and then hot pressing this isotropic granulate together with coated fuel particles at low pressure to isotropic fuel element. The molding powder for making the granulate is made from a mixture of natural graphite and binder resin, synthetic graphite and binder resin or a mixture of both types of graphite powder with binder resin.
摘要翻译：具有可用于气体冷却高温动力反应堆的各向同性结构的成型块燃料元件通过首先从成型粉末生产具有确定孔隙率的高密度的各向同性的石墨颗粒，然后将该各向同性颗粒与涂覆的燃料颗粒一起低温各向同性燃料元件的压力。用于制造颗粒的成型粉末由天然石墨和粘合剂树脂，合成石墨和粘合剂树脂的混合物或两种类型的石墨粉末与粘合剂树脂的混合物制成。

6. 发明授权

US3988397A Pressed block fuel elements for gas cooled high temperature power reactors and processes for their production 失效
标题翻译：用于气体冷却高温动力反应堆的压块式燃料元件及其生产工艺
公开(公告)号：US3988397A
公开(公告)日：1976-10-26
申请号：US440079
申请日：1974-02-06
申请人： Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Milan Hrovat
发明人： Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Milan Hrovat
IPC分类号： G21C3/28 , G21C21/02
CPC分类号： G21C3/28 , G21C21/02 , Y02E30/40
摘要： Block fuel elements for high temperature power reactors that can be reprocessed simply are prepared in which the feed and breed zones are connected with the graphite matrix directly and without transition. They are disposed separately from each other in such a manner that the feed zones and the breed zones can be separately removed one after the other from the structural graphite. In the reprocessing operation there are recovered uranium 233 from the breed particles, uranium 235 and fission products from the feed particles.
摘要翻译：准备可以简单地再加工的用于高温动力反应堆的燃料元件，其中进料和繁殖区域直接和没有过渡的石墨基质连接。它们彼此分开设置，使得进料区和品种区可以一个接一个地从结构石墨中单独除去。在后处理操作中，从品种颗粒中回收铀233，铀235和来自进料颗粒的裂变产物。

7. 发明授权

US4022865A Process for working up block shaped graphite fuel elements 失效
标题翻译：处理块状石墨燃料元件的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4022865A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-10
申请号：US577104
申请日：1975-05-13
申请人： Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Gerhard Spener
发明人： Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Gerhard Spener
IPC分类号： G21C19/36 , G21C19/44
CPC分类号： G21C19/36 , G21C19/44 , Y02W30/882 , Y10S376/903 , Y10T225/329
摘要： There is provided a process for recovering block shaped graphite fuel elements made of a graphite block with a parallel cooling channel and which block contains the fuel arranged in separate zones. The process is especially useful for such fuel elements in which the cooling channels and the fuel zones are distributed in a screenlike manner adjacent to each other and wherein these fuel elements are first comminuted mechanically and then are reconditioned by burning and wet chemical separation into fissile material and waste material. For the mechanical comminution of the graphite block conical pins (or mandrels) are simultaneously pressed into several cooling channels until the block is broken apart along the entire length of these cooling channels.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于回收由具有平行冷却通道的石墨块制成的块状石墨燃料元件的方法，并且该块包含布置在分开的区域中的燃料。该方法对于这样的燃料元件特别有用，其中冷却通道和燃料区域彼此相邻地分布在一起，并且其中这些燃料元件首先被机械粉碎，然后通过燃烧和湿化学分离再生成裂变材料和废料。为了将石墨块锥形销（或心轴）的机械粉碎同时压入几个冷却通道，直到块沿着这些冷却通道的整个长度分开。

8. 发明授权

US3996319A Process for the production of pressed block fuel elements of high power for gas cooled high temperature reactor 失效
标题翻译：用于生产用于气体冷却高温反应堆的大功率压块燃料元件的方法
公开(公告)号：US3996319A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-07
申请号：US486773
申请日：1974-07-09
申请人： Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Milan Hrovat , Willi Wolff
发明人： Karl-Gerhard Hackstein , Milan Hrovat , Willi Wolff
IPC分类号： B30B11/04 , G21C3/28 , G21C21/02 , G21C21/00
CPC分类号： G21C3/28 , B30B11/04 , G21C21/02 , Y02E30/40 , Y10S376/903
摘要： Molded or pressed block fuel elements of high power for gas cooled high temperatures are produced by molding in steel tools using outer dies or bars and punches arranged to be freely moveable in the axial direction and moving said moveable dies or bars and punches in the molding process.
摘要翻译：用于气体冷却高温的高功率成型或压制块燃料元件通过使用外模或棒的钢工具进行成型而制造，冲头布置成在轴向方向上可自由移动并且在成型过程中移动所述可移动模具或棒和冲头。

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