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1. 发明授权

US4956687A Backside contact blocked impurity band detector 失效
标题翻译：背面接触阻塞杂质带检测器
公开(公告)号：US4956687A
公开(公告)日：1990-09-11
申请号：US107874
申请日：1987-10-09
申请人： Johannes B. de Bruin , Mary J. Hewitt , James D. Phillips
发明人： Johannes B. de Bruin , Mary J. Hewitt , James D. Phillips
IPC分类号： H01L27/146 , H01L27/148
CPC分类号： H01L27/14881 , H01L27/14669
摘要： A blocked impurity band detector having a high fill factor is comprised of a radiation detecting layer and an overlying blocking layer which are interposed between a plurality of rear contact regions and a frontside common electrical contact layer. Disposed over the surface of the frontside contact layer is a layer of metalization formed as a substantially transparent grid. Radiation enters the detecting layer through the grid, contact layer, and blocking layer. Each of the rear contact regions is conductively coupled to an end of a metallic conductor, or via, which is disposed through an insulating substrate. The opposite end of each of the metallic conductors exits the back surface of the substrate and is adapted for connection to an integrated circuit readout device.
摘要翻译：具有高填充因子的封闭杂质带检测器包括放置在多个后接触区域和前侧公共电接触层之间的辐射检测层和覆盖阻挡层。设置在前侧接触层的表面上的是形成为基本上透明的网格的金属化层。辐射通过栅格，接触层和阻挡层进入检测层。每个后接触区域导电地耦合到通过绝缘基板设置的金属导体或通孔的端部。每个金属导体的相对端离开衬底的背面，并且适于连接到集成电路读出装置。

2. 发明授权

US4956716A Imaging system employing charge amplifier 失效
标题翻译：成像系统采用电荷放大器
公开(公告)号：US4956716A
公开(公告)日：1990-09-11
申请号：US312262
申请日：1989-02-21
申请人： Mary J. Hewitt , Johannes B. de Bruin
发明人： Mary J. Hewitt , Johannes B. de Bruin
IPC分类号： H03F3/70 , H04N5/33 , H04N5/335 , H04N5/378
CPC分类号： H04N5/378 , H03F3/70 , H04N5/33
摘要： A system 10 for imaging radiation received from a scene provides for the focusing of the radiation upon a set of detectors 12. A set of amplifiers 14 couple the detectors to an image processor 24 for forming an image of the scene. The amplifiers are pulsed with a repeating sequence of pulses providing sequential operation of the amplifiers. The amplifiers and the detectors are constructed on a single substrate which is cyrogenically cooled for improved signal-to-noise ratio. Amplifying elements in each of the amplifiers are powered by energy stored as electric charges in capacitors. The capacitors are recharged with pulses from a pulsing unit repetitively in a repeating sequence of amplifier operation. The capacitors provide for integration of detector signals, there being additional integration performed at the front end of each of the amplifiers utilizing stray capacitance and detector capacitance. Adjustment of front end voltage of each of the amplifiers permits compensation for nonuniformities among the detectors. There results an improved signal-to-noise ratio which can be optimized for different sampling rates of incoming radiation signals.
摘要翻译：用于对从场景接收的辐射成像的系统10提供辐射对一组检测器12的聚焦。一组放大器14将检测器耦合到图像处理器24以形成场景的图像。放大器用脉冲重复序列脉冲提供放大器的顺序操作。放大器和检测器被构造在单个衬底上，该衬底被冷循环以提高信噪比。每个放大器中的放大元件由电容器中作为电荷存储的能量供电。以放大器操作的重复序列重复地对来自脉冲单元的脉冲对电容器进行重新充电。这些电容器提供检测器信号的集成，在每个放大器的前端采用杂散电容和检测器电容进行额外的集成。每个放大器的前端电压的调整允许补偿检测器之间的不均匀性。这导致改进的信噪比，可以针对不同的入射辐射信号采样速率进行优化。

3. 发明授权

US06825877B1 Multiplex bucket brigade circuit 有权
标题翻译：多路斗旅电路
公开(公告)号：US06825877B1
公开(公告)日：2004-11-30
申请号：US09479699
申请日：2000-01-07
申请人： Mary J. Hewitt , John L. Vampola , Leonard P. Chen
发明人： Mary J. Hewitt , John L. Vampola , Leonard P. Chen
IPC分类号： H04N314
CPC分类号： H04N5/37206
摘要： A sensor chip assembly time delay integration circuit useful with image sensing arrays uses a duplex bucket brigade circuit (120) with two or more charge transfer paths, a number of capacitors (130, 133, 136) common to the charge transfer paths, and a number of capacitors (131, 132, 134, 135) specific to each of the charge transfer paths. Each of the charge transfer paths has a number of MOSFET transfer gates (122, 124, 126, 128; 123, 125, 127, 129) connected in series, and the common capacitors and the path-specific capacitors are alternately connected to the paths. Each of the common capacitors is controllably connected (112, 115, 118) either to a unit cell input circuit (113, 116, 119). a reset node (111, 114, 117), or an open circuit. The circuit operates by storing accumulated image sensor charges from alternate sensor lines on the path-specific capacitors. The common capacitors are reset and then connected to the unit cell input circuits to acquire a first set of image sensor charges. Charges stored on, for example, the capacitors of a particular path are then transferred to the common capacitors through transfer gates, in effect accumulating charge on the common capacitors. Then, charges are transferred from the common capacitors to the capacitors of the same particular path to again store the charges. The sequence of reset, charge acquisition, summation transfer, and storage transfer is repeated for each of the charge transfer paths.
摘要翻译：与图像感测阵列有用的传感器芯片组合时间延迟积分电路使用具有两个或更多个电荷传输路径的双工桶旅电路（120），电荷传输路径共用的多个电容器（130,133,136），以及每个电荷传输路径特有的电容器数目（131,132,134,135）。每个电荷传输路径具有串联连接的多个MOSFET传输门（122,124,126,128; 123,125,127,129），并且公共电容器和路径专用电容器交替地连接到路径。每个公共电容器被可控地连接到单元电池输入电路（113,116,119）上（112,115,118）。复位节点（111,114,117）或开路。电路通过将来自备用传感器线路的累积图像传感器电荷存储在路径特定电容器上来操作。公共电容器被复位，然后连接到单元电池输入电路以获取第一组图像传感器电荷。存储在例如特定路径的电容器上的电荷然后通过传输门传送到公共电容器，实际上在公共电容器上累积电荷。然后，电荷从公共电容器转移到相同特定路径的电容器，以再次存储电荷。为每个电荷传输路径重复复位，电荷获取，求和转移和存储传输的顺序。

4. 发明申请

US20110316689A1 Systems and Methods for Detecting and Geo-Locating Hazardous Refuse 有权
标题翻译：检测和定位危险废物的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20110316689A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-29
申请号：US12824641
申请日：2010-06-28
申请人： Hector M. Reyes , Donald P. Graham , Mary J. Hewitt , Michael Crist
发明人： Hector M. Reyes , Donald P. Graham , Mary J. Hewitt , Michael Crist
IPC分类号： G08B1/00
CPC分类号： B65F1/1484
摘要： The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for scanning refuse (garbage, trash) from a large geographic area to detect the presence of hazardous materials in the refuse. Hazardous material may comprise CBRNE agents, components of terrorist devices, environmental pollutants and toxins and illegal drugs and may include trace particulates of such agents as well as by-products thereof. Systems and methods, according to some embodiments, may further comprise geo-locating to a small geographic area the origin of hazardous material. Accordingly, in some embodiments the disclosure provides systems and methods to geo-locate facilities or addresses where hazardous materials are generated, thereby geo-locating facilities that make terrorist devices, sources of environmental pollutants and/or sources of illegal drugs. According to some embodiments, systems and methods of the disclosure enable focusing efforts of law enforcement authorities to identify terrorists, drug activities and/or environmental offenders to small geographic areas (e.g. a street address).
摘要翻译：本公开涉及从大地理区域扫描垃圾（垃圾，垃圾）的系统和方法，以检测垃圾中有害物质的存在。危险材料可能包括CBRNE试剂，恐怖分子装置的组成部分，环境污染物和毒素以及非法药物，并且可能包括这些试剂的微量颗粒以及副产物。根据一些实施例的系统和方法还可以包括将小的地理区域定位为危险材料的来源。因此，在一些实施例中，本公开提供了对产生危险材料的设施或地址进行地理定位的系统和方法，从而对制造恐怖装置的地理定位设施，环境污染物源和/或非法药物来源进行地理定位。根据一些实施例，本公开的系统和方法使得执法当局能够集中力量来确定在小地理区域（例如街道地址）的恐怖分子，药物活动和/或环境违法者。

5. 发明授权

US4733077A Noise immune infrared readout circuitry 失效
标题翻译：噪声免疫红外读出电路
公开(公告)号：US4733077A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-22
申请号：US683983
申请日：1984-12-20
申请人： Steve D. Gaalema , Mary J. Hewitt , Arthur L. Morse
发明人： Steve D. Gaalema , Mary J. Hewitt , Arthur L. Morse
IPC分类号： H04N5/217 , H04N5/33 , H04N5/363 , H04N5/372 , H04N5/378 , G01J1/00 , G01T1/22
CPC分类号： H04N5/2173
摘要： A new technique, and output encoding circuits using that technique, are disclosed for interfacing between a semiconductor IR detector 23 and associated output electronics 24, 25, 26 which technique and circuits transfer a charge packet onto a sense capacitor 22 that previously stored a reset level signal. The resulting stepped signal change, or delta, in the voltage present on that capacitor 22 is employed as the output signal.
摘要翻译：公开了一种新技术和使用该技术的输出编码电路，用于在半导体IR检测器23和相关联的输出电路24,25,26之间进行接口，该技术和电路将电荷分组转移到先前存储复位电平的感测电容器22上信号。作为输出信号，采用在该电容器22上存在的电压中产生的阶梯式信号变化或Δt。

6. 发明授权

US06121843A Charge mode capacitor transimpedance amplifier 有权
标题翻译：充电模式电容互阻放大器
公开(公告)号：US06121843A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-19
申请号：US326080
申请日：1999-06-04
申请人： John L. Vampola , Mary J. Hewitt
发明人： John L. Vampola , Mary J. Hewitt
IPC分类号： G11C27/02 , H03F3/08
CPC分类号： H03F1/08 , G11C27/026 , H03F3/082
摘要： An amplifier circuit, referred to as a charge mode capacitor transimpedance amplifier (or CM-CTIA) an input node (IN) and an output node (OUT), and includes a transistor (M.sub.IN) having a gate terminal (G) coupled to the input node, a source terminal (S), and a drain terminal (D) coupled to the output node, a first capacitance (C.sub.FB) coupled between the gate terminal and the drain terminal, a second capacitance (C.sub.S) coupled between the source terminal and a first potential (GND), a third capacitance (C.sub.D) coupled between the drain terminal and the first potential or another fixed potential, a first switch (SW1) coupled between a second potential and the drain terminal, and a second switch (SW2) coupled between a third potential (V.sub.RESET) and the gate terminal. During use, the input node is coupled to an output of a radiation detector, such as a photovoltaic IR detector (12) that forms one element or pixel of an array of IR detectors. An open loop gain of the amplifier circuit is established by a ratio of the value of the second capacitance to the value of the third capacitance, and a transimpedance of the amplifier circuit is established by the value of the first capacitance, the value of the second capacitance, and the value of the third capacitance.
摘要翻译：被称为充电模式电容器跨阻抗放大器（或CM-CTIA）的输入节点（IN）和输出节点（OUT）的放大器电路，并且包括晶体管（MIN），其具有耦合到输入节点，源极端子（S）和耦合到输出节点的漏极端子（D），耦合在栅极端子和漏极端子之间的第一电容（CFB），耦合在源极端子和第一电位（GND），耦合在漏极端子与第一电位或另一固定电位之间的第三电容（CD），耦合在第二电位与漏极端子之间的第一开关（SW1）和第二开关（SW2 ）耦合在第三电位（VRESET）和栅极端子之间。在使用期间，输入节点耦合到辐射检测器的输出，例如形成IR检测器阵列的一个元件或像素的光伏IR检测器（12）。通过第二电容的值与第三电容的值的比率建立放大器电路的开环增益，并且通过第一电容的值建立放大器电路的跨阻抗，第二电容的值电容和第三电容的值。

7. 发明授权

US5477173A Ultra low power gain circuit (UGC) 失效
标题翻译：超低功耗增益电路（UGC）
公开(公告)号：US5477173A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-19
申请号：US100648
申请日：1993-07-30
申请人： John D. Schlesselmann , Kevin L. Pettijohn , William H. Frye , Mary J. Hewitt
发明人： John D. Schlesselmann , Kevin L. Pettijohn , William H. Frye , Mary J. Hewitt
IPC分类号： H03K17/687 , H03K19/0185 , H03K3/353
CPC分类号： H03K19/01855 , H03K17/687
摘要： An ultra low power gain circuit (UGC) implements a unique operational mode of a source follower circuit, and enables programmable gains greater than unity. A MOSFET has a gate terminal coupled to an input capacitance (Cin). A potential at a drain of the MOSFET is clocked to enable charge to flow through the channel. This charge charges a capacitor (Cout) that is connected to a source of the MOSFET. After charging Cout, the drain potential is restored to an initial value, and the charge on Cout discharges back through the MOSFET until the source voltage is one threshold drop from the gate potential, at which time the MOSFET turns off. Cout then stops discharging, and the final voltage appearing on Cout is a function of the magnitude of the gate voltage appearing on Cin. As the voltage at the source of the MOSFET changes, capacitive coupling, via (Cgs) to the gate, causes the gate voltage to also change. The value of the gate voltage determines a magnitude of a final voltage to which the source settles. A feedback effect is thereby produced which influences the voltage transfer function of the MOSFET. A minimum voltage gain is unity. However, through a selection of capacitor values for Cin and/or Cgs, a value of gain that is greater than unity can be achieved.
摘要翻译：超低功耗增益电路（UGC）实现了源极跟随器电路的独特操作模式，并使可编程增益大于单位。 MOSFET具有耦合到输入电容（Cin）的栅极端子。 MOSFET的漏极处的电位被计时以使电荷流过通道。该电荷对连接到MOSFET源极的电容（Cout）充电。在Cout充电之后，漏极电位恢复到初始值，Cout上的电荷通过MOSFET放电，直到源极电压为栅极电位的一个阈值下降，此时MOSFET关断。 Cout然后停止放电，Cout上出现的最终电压是Cin上出现的栅极电压的大小的函数。随着MOSFET源极电压的变化，电容耦合（Cgs）到栅极，导致栅极电压也发生变化。栅极电压的值决定了源极稳定的最终电压的幅度。由此产生影响MOSFET的电压传递函数的反馈效应。最小电压增益为1。然而，通过选择Cin和/或Cgs的电容器值，可以实现大于1的增益值。

8. 发明授权

US4743762A Noise immune infrared readout circuitry and technique 失效
标题翻译：噪声免疫红外读出电路及技术
公开(公告)号：US4743762A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-10
申请号：US895649
申请日：1986-08-12
申请人： Steve D. Gaalema , Mary J. Hewitt , Arthur L. Morse
发明人： Steve D. Gaalema , Mary J. Hewitt , Arthur L. Morse
IPC分类号： H04N5/33 , H04N5/363 , H04N5/372 , H04N5/378 , G01T1/22
CPC分类号： H04N5/2173
摘要： A new technique, and output encoding circuits using that technique, are disclosed for interfacing between a semiconductor IR detector 23 and associated output electronics 24, 25, 26, which technique and circuits transfer a charge packet onto a sense capacitor 22 that previously stored a reset level signal. The resulting stepped signal change, or delta, in the voltage present on that capacitor 22 is employed as the output signal.
摘要翻译：公开了一种新技术和使用该技术的输出编码电路，用于在半导体IR检测器23和相关联的输出电路24,25,26之间进行接口，该技术和电路将电荷分组转移到先前存储复位的感测电容器22上电平信号。作为输出信号，采用在该电容器22上存在的电压中产生的阶梯式信号变化或Δt。

9. 发明授权

US4523326A Low noise charge coupled imager circuit 失效
标题翻译：低噪声电荷耦合成像器电路
公开(公告)号：US4523326A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-11
申请号：US458607
申请日：1983-01-17
申请人： Mary J. Hewitt , Arthur L. Morse
发明人： Mary J. Hewitt , Arthur L. Morse
IPC分类号： H01L27/14 , H01L27/148 , H04N5/335 , G11C19/28 , H01L29/78 , H01L31/00
CPC分类号： H04N3/1568 , H01L27/14831
摘要： Noise reduction and dynamic range expansion in a CCD imager is achieved by combining a narrow FAT zero metering gate with a reference column subtraction and CCD charge bailing.
摘要翻译： CCD成像器中的降噪和动态范围扩展通过将窄的FAT零计量门与参考列减法和CCD电荷保存组合来实现。

10. 发明授权

US08384540B2 Systems and methods for detecting and geo-locating hazardous refuse 有权
标题翻译：检测和定位危险废物的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08384540B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-26
申请号：US12824641
申请日：2010-06-28
申请人： Hector M. Reyes , Donald P. Graham , Mary J. Hewitt , Michael Crist
发明人： Hector M. Reyes , Donald P. Graham , Mary J. Hewitt , Michael Crist
IPC分类号： G08B1/00
CPC分类号： B65F1/1484
摘要： The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for scanning refuse (garbage, trash) from a large geographic area to detect the presence of hazardous materials in the refuse. Hazardous material may comprise CBRNE agents, components of terrorist devices, environmental pollutants and toxins and illegal drugs and may include trace particulates of such agents as well as by-products thereof. Systems and methods, according to some embodiments, may further comprise geo-locating to a small geographic area the origin of hazardous material. Accordingly, in some embodiments the disclosure provides systems and methods to geo-locate facilities or addresses where hazardous materials are generated, thereby geo-locating facilities that make terrorist devices, sources of environmental pollutants and/or sources of illegal drugs. According to some embodiments, systems and methods of the disclosure enable focusing efforts of law enforcement authorities to identify terrorists, drug activities and/or environmental offenders to small geographic areas (e.g. a street address).
摘要翻译：本公开涉及从大地理区域扫描垃圾（垃圾，垃圾）的系统和方法，以检测垃圾中有害物质的存在。危险材料可能包括CBRNE试剂，恐怖分子装置的组成部分，环境污染物和毒素以及非法药物，并且可能包括这些试剂的微量颗粒以及副产物。根据一些实施例的系统和方法还可以包括将小的地理区域定位为危险材料的来源。因此，在一些实施例中，本公开提供了对产生危险材料的设施或地址进行地理定位的系统和方法，从而对制造恐怖装置的地理定位设施，环境污染物源和/或非法药物来源进行地理定位。根据一些实施例，本公开的系统和方法使得执法当局能够集中力量来确定在小地理区域（例如街道地址）的恐怖分子，药物活动和/或环境违法者。

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