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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Residual activation neural network
    • 残余激活神经网​​络
    • US06363289B1
    • 2002-03-26
    • US09228962
    • 1999-01-12
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanKadir LianoRalph Bruce Ferguson
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanKadir LianoRalph Bruce Ferguson
    • G05B1302
    • G05B13/027
    • A plant (72) is operable to receive control inputs c(t) and provide an output y(t). The plant (72) has associated therewith state variables s(t) that are not variable. A control network (74) is provided that accurately models the plant (72). The output of the control network (74) provides a predicted output which is combined with a desired output to generate an error. This error is back propagated through an inverse control network (76), which is the inverse of the control network (74) to generate a control error signal that is input to a distributed control system (73) to vary the control inputs to the plant (72) in order to change the output y(t) to meet the desired output. The control network (74) is comprised of a first network NET 1 that is operable to store a representation of the dependency of the control variables on the state variables. The predicted result is subtracted from the actual state variable input and stored as a residual in a residual layer (102). The output of the residual layer (102) is input to a hidden layer (108) which also receives the control inputs to generate a predicted output in an output layer (106). During back propagation of error, the residual values in the residual layer (102) are latched and only the control inputs allowed to vary.
    • 工厂(72)可操作以接收控制输入c(t)并提供输出y(t)。 工厂(72)具有与其不可变的状态变量s(t)相关联。 提供控制网络(74),其精确地模拟设备(72)。 控制网络(74)的输出提供与期望输出组合以产生错误的预测输出。 该错误通过逆控制网络(76)反向传播,逆控制网络(76)是控制网络(74)的反向,以产生输入到分布式控制系统(73)的控制误差信号,以改变对工厂的控制输入 (72),以便改变输出y(t)以满足期望的输出。 控制网络(74)包括第一网络NET1,其可操作以存储控制变量对状态变量的依赖性的表示。 将预测结果从实际状态变量输入中减去并作为剩余层存储在残留层(102)中。 剩余层(102)的输出被输入到隐藏层(108),隐层也接收控制输入以在输出层(106)中生成预测输出。 在误差的反向传播期间,残留层(102)中的残余值被锁存,并且仅允许控制输入变化。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for determining the sensitivity of inputs to a neural network on output parameters
    • 用于确定输入参数对神经网络的输入灵敏度的方法和装置
    • US06216048B1
    • 2001-04-10
    • US09174860
    • 1998-10-19
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanKadir Liano
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanKadir Liano
    • G05B1302
    • G05B13/027G05B13/0285G06N3/04G06N3/08
    • A distributed control system (14) receives on the input thereof the control inputs and then outputs control signals to a plant (10) for the operation thereof. The measured variables of the plant and the control inputs are input to a predictive model (34) that operates in conjunction with an inverse model (36) to generate predicted control inputs. The predicted control inputs are processed through a filter (46) to apply hard constraints and sensitivity modifiers, the values of which are received from a control parameter block (22). During operation, the sensitivity of output variables on various input variables is determined. This information can be displayed and then the user allowed to select which of the input variables constitute the most sensitive input variables. These can then be utilized with a control network (470) to modify the predicted values of the input variables. Additionally, a neural network (406) can be trained on only the selected input variables that are determined to be the most sensitive. In this operation, the network is first configured and trained with all input nodes and with all training data. This provides a learned representation of the output wherein the combined effects of all other input variables are taken into account in the determination of the effect of each of the input variables thereon. The network (406) is then reconfigured with only the selected inputs and then the network (406) again trained on only the input/output pairs associated with the select input variables.
    • 分布式控制系统(14)在其输入端接收控制输入,然后将控制信号输出到用于其操作的设备(10)。 工厂和控制输入的测量变量被输入到与逆模型(36)一起工作以产生预测控制输入的预测模型(34)。 通过滤波器(46)处理预测的控制输入以施加硬约束和灵敏度修正器,其值从控制参数块(22)接收。 在运行期间,确定输出变量对各种输入变量的敏感度。 可以显示该信息,然后用户可以选择哪个输入变量构成最敏感的输入变量。 然后可以利用这些控制网络(470)来修改输入变量的预测值。 另外,神经网络(406)可以仅对被确定为最敏感的所选择的输入变量进行训练。 在此操作中,网络首先用所有输入节点和所有训练数据进行配置和训练。 这提供了输出的学习表示,其中在确定其中每个输入变量的影响时考虑所有其他输入变量的组合效应。 然后,仅使用所选择的输入来重新配置网络(406),然后再次仅对与选择输入变量相关联的输入/输出对训练网络(406)。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Method for operating a neural network with missing and/or incomplete data
    • 用于操作具有丢失和/或不完整数据的神经网络的方法
    • US06169980A
    • 2001-01-02
    • US09167400
    • 1998-10-06
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanRalph Bruce Ferguson
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanRalph Bruce Ferguson
    • G06F1518
    • G06N3/0472G06F17/17G06N3/049
    • A neural network system is provided that models the system in a system model (12) with the output thereof providing a predicted output. This predicted output is modified or controlled by an output control (14). Input data is processed in a data preprocess step (10) to reconcile the data for input to the system model (12). Additionally, the error resulted from the reconciliation is input to an uncertainty model to predict the uncertainty in the predicted output. This is input to a decision processor (20) which is utilized to control the output control (14). The output control (14) is controlled to either vary the predicted output or to inhibit the predicted output whenever the output of the uncertainty model (18) exceeds a predetermined decision threshold, input by a decision threshold block (22). Additionally, a validity model (16) is also provided which represents the reliability or validity of the output as a function of the number of data points in a given data region during training of the system model (12). This predicts the confidence in the predicted output which is also input to the decision processor (20). The decision processor (20) therefore bases its decision on the predicted confidence and the predicted uncertainty. Additionally, the uncertainty output by the data preprocess block (10) can be utilized to train the system model (12).
    • 提供了一种神经网络系统,其在系统模型(12)中对系统进行建模,其输出提供预测输出。 该预测输出由输出控制(14)修改或控制。 在数据预处理步骤(10)中处理输入数据,以便调整用于输入到系统模型(12)的数据。 另外,由和解产生的误差被输入到不确定性模型中,以预测预测输出的不确定性。 这被输入到用于控制输出控制(14)的决策处理器(20)。 控制输出控制器(14),以便在不确定性模型(18)的输出超过由判定阈值块(22)输入的预定判定阈值时改变预测输出或禁止预测输出。 此外,还提供了有效性模型(16),其表示在系统模型(12)的训练期间作为给定数据区域中的数据点的数量的函数的输出的可靠性或有效性。 这预测了也输入到决策处理器(20)的预测输出的置信度。 因此,决策处理器(20)将其决定基于预测的置信度和预测的不确定性。 此外,可以利用数据预处理块(10)输出的不确定性来训练系统模型(12)。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Method for operating a neural network with missing and/or incomplete data
    • 用于操作具有丢失和/或不完整数据的神经网络的方法
    • US5842189A
    • 1998-11-24
    • US936679
    • 1997-09-27
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanRalph Bruce Ferguson
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanRalph Bruce Ferguson
    • G06F15/18G06F17/17G06N3/04G06N3/08
    • G06N3/0472G06F17/17G06N3/049
    • A neural network system is provided that models the system in a system model (12) with the output thereof providing a predicted output. This predicted output is modified or controlled by an output control (14). Input data is processed in a data preprocess step (10) to reconcile the data for input to the system model (12). Additionally, the error resulted from the reconciliation is input to an uncertainty model to predict the uncertainty in the predicted output. This is input to a decision processor (20) which is utilized to control the output control (14). The output control (14) is controlled to either vary the predicted output or to inhibit the predicted output whenever the output of the uncertainty model (18) exceeds a predetermined decision threshold, input by a decision threshold block (22). Additionally, a validity model (16) is also provided which represents the reliability or validity of the output as a function of the number of data points in a given data region during training of the system model (12). This predicts the confidence in the predicted output which is also input to the decision processor (20). The decision processor (20) therefore bases its decision on the predicted confidence and the predicted uncertainty. Additionally, the uncertainty output by the data preprocess block (10) can be utilized to train the system model (12).
    • 提供了一种神经网络系统,其在系统模型(12)中对系统进行建模,其输出提供预测输出。 该预测输出由输出控制(14)修改或控制。 在数据预处理步骤(10)中处理输入数据,以便调整用于输入到系统模型(12)的数据。 另外,由和解产生的误差被输入到不确定性模型中,以预测预测输出的不确定性。 这被输入到用于控制输出控制(14)的决策处理器(20)。 控制输出控制器(14),以便在不确定性模型(18)的输出超过由判定阈值块(22)输入的预定判定阈值时改变预测输出或禁止预测输出。 此外,还提供了有效性模型(16),其表示在系统模型(12)的训练期间作为给定数据区域中的数据点的数量的函数的输出的可靠性或有效性。 这预测了也输入到决策处理器(20)的预测输出的置信度。 因此,决策处理器(20)将其决定基于预测的置信度和预测的不确定性。 此外,可以利用数据预处理块(10)输出的不确定性来训练系统模型(12)。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for operating a neural network with missing and/or incomplete data
    • 用于操作具有缺失和/或不完整数据的神经网络的方法和装置
    • US06591254B1
    • 2003-07-08
    • US10040085
    • 2001-11-06
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanRalph Bruce Ferguson
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanRalph Bruce Ferguson
    • G06F1518
    • G06N3/049G06N3/0472
    • A neural network system is provided that models the system in a system model (12) with the output thereof providing a predicted output. This predicted output is modified or controlled by an output control (14). Input data is processed in a data preprocess step (10) to reconcile the data for input to the system model (12). Additionally, the error resulted from the reconciliation is input to an uncertainty model to predict the uncertainty in the predicted output. This is input to a decision processor (20) which is utilized to control the output control (14). The output control (14) is controlled to either vary the predicted output or to inhibit the predicted output whenever the output of the uncertainty model (18) exceeds a predetermined decision threshold, input by a decision threshold block (22). Additionally, a validity model (16) is also provided which represents the reliability or validity of the output as a function of the number of data points in a given data region during training of the system model (12). This predicts the confidence in the predicted output which is also input to the decision processor (20). The decision processor (20) therefore bases its decision on the predicted confidence and the predicted uncertainty. Additionally, the uncertainty output by the data preprocess block (10) can be utilized to train the system model (12).
    • 提供了一种神经网络系统,其在系统模型(12)中对系统进行建模,其输出提供预测输出。 该预测输出由输出控制(14)修改或控制。 在数据预处理步骤(10)中处理输入数据,以便调整用于输入到系统模型(12)的数据。 另外,由和解产生的误差被输入到不确定性模型中,以预测预测输出的不确定性。 这被输入到用于控制输出控制(14)的决策处理器(20)。 控制输出控制器(14),以便在不确定性模型(18)的输出超过由判定阈值块(22)输入的预定判定阈值时改变预测输出或禁止预测输出。 此外,还提供了有效性模型(16),其表示在系统模型(12)的训练期间作为给定数据区域中的数据点的数量的函数的输出的可靠性或有效性。 这预测了也输入到决策处理器(20)的预测输出的置信度。 因此,决策处理器(20)将其决定基于预测的置信度和预测的不确定性。 此外,可以利用数据预处理块(10)输出的不确定性来训练系统模型(12)。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Method for training and/or testing a neural network with missing and/or incomplete data
    • 用于训练和/或测试具有缺失和/或不完整数据的神经网络的方法
    • US06314414B1
    • 2001-11-06
    • US09207719
    • 1998-12-08
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanRalph Bruce Ferguson
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanRalph Bruce Ferguson
    • G06F1518
    • G06N3/049G06N3/0472
    • A neural network system is provided that models the system in a system model (12) with the output thereof providing a predicted output. This predicted output is modified or controlled by an output control (14). Input data is processed in a data preprocess step (10) to reconcile the data for input to the system model (12). Additionally, the error resulted from the reconciliation is input to an uncertainty model to predict the uncertainty in the predicted output. This is input to a decision processor (20) which is utilized to control the output control (14). The output control (14) is controlled to either vary the predicted output or to inhibit the predicted output whenever the output of the uncertainty model (18) exceeds a predetermined decision threshold, input by a decision threshold block (22). Additionally, a validity model (16) is also provided which represents the reliability or validity of the output as a function of the number of data points in a given data region during training of the system model (12). This predicts the confidence in the predicted output which is also input to the decision processor (20). The decision processor (20) therefore bases its decision on the predicted confidence and the predicted uncertainty. Additionally, the uncertainty output by the data preprocess block (10) can be utilized to train the system model (12).
    • 提供了一种神经网络系统,其在系统模型(12)中对系统进行建模,其输出提供预测输出。 该预测输出由输出控制(14)修改或控制。 在数据预处理步骤(10)中处理输入数据,以便调整用于输入到系统模型(12)的数据。 另外,由和解产生的误差被输入到不确定性模型中,以预测预测输出的不确定性。 这被输入到用于控制输出控制(14)的决策处理器(20)。 控制输出控制器(14),以便在不确定性模型(18)的输出超过由判定阈值块(22)输入的预定判定阈值时改变预测输出或禁止预测输出。 此外,还提供了有效性模型(16),其表示在系统模型(12)的训练期间作为给定数据区域中的数据点的数量的函数的输出的可靠性或有效性。 这预测了也输入到决策处理器(20)的预测输出的置信度。 因此,决策处理器(20)将其决定基于预测的置信度和预测的不确定性。 此外,可以利用数据预处理块(10)输出的不确定性来训练系统模型(12)。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for operating a neural network with missing and/or incomplete data
    • 用于操作具有缺失和/或不完整数据的神经网络的方法和装置
    • US06957203B2
    • 2005-10-18
    • US10614335
    • 2003-07-07
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanRalph Bruce Ferguson
    • James David KeelerEric Jon HartmanRalph Bruce Ferguson
    • G06N3/04G06F15/18
    • G06N3/049G06N3/0472
    • A neural network system is provided that models the system in a system model (12) with the output thereof providing a predicted output. This predicted output is modified or controlled by an output control (14). Input data is processed in a data preprocess step (10) to reconcile the data for input to the system model (12). Additionally, the error resulted from the reconciliation is input to an uncertainty model to predict the uncertainty in the predicted output. This is input to a decision processor (20) which is utilized to control the output control (14). The output control (14) is controlled to either vary the predicted output or to inhibit the predicted output whenever the output of the uncertainty model (18) exceeds a predetermined decision threshold, input by a decision threshold block (22). Additionally, a validity model (16) is also provided which represents the reliability or validity of the output as a function of the number of data points in a given data region during training of the system model (12). This predicts the confidence in the predicted output which is also input to the decision processor (20). The decision processor (20) therefore bases its decision on the predicted confidence and the predicted uncertainty. Additionally, the uncertainty output by the data preprocess block (10) can be utilized to train the system model (12).
    • 提供了一种神经网络系统,其在系统模型(12)中对系统进行建模,其输出提供预测输出。 该预测输出由输出控制(14)修改或控制。 在数据预处理步骤(10)中处理输入数据,以便调整用于输入到系统模型(12)的数据。 另外,由和解产生的误差被输入到不确定性模型中,以预测预测输出的不确定性。 这被输入到用于控制输出控制(14)的决策处理器(20)。 控制输出控制器(14),以便在不确定性模型(18)的输出超过由判定阈值块(22)输入的预定判定阈值时改变预测输出或禁止预测输出。 此外,还提供了有效性模型(16),其表示在系统模型(12)的训练期间作为给定数据区域中的数据点的数量的函数的输出的可靠性或有效性。 这预测了也输入到决策处理器(20)的预测输出的置信度。 因此,决策处理器(20)将其决定基于预测的置信度和预测的不确定性。 此外,可以利用数据预处理块(10)输出的不确定性来训练系统模型(12)。