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1. 发明授权

US4931767A Device for visibility measurement for a motor vehicle 失效
标题翻译：机动车辆可见度测量装置
公开(公告)号：US4931767A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-05
申请号：US258465
申请日：1988-10-17
申请人： Hans Albrecht , Siegfried Reiniger , Wolfgang Lauer , Hans Spies , Horst Laucht , Martin Spies
发明人： Hans Albrecht , Siegfried Reiniger , Wolfgang Lauer , Hans Spies , Horst Laucht , Martin Spies
IPC分类号： G01N21/49 , B60K35/00 , B60Q1/52 , G01N21/47 , G01N21/53 , G01S17/88 , G01S17/95
CPC分类号： B60Q9/00 , G01N21/538 , G01N2021/1791 , G01N2021/4709
摘要： The device for visibility measurement is designed primarily for use in motor vehicles. A light emitter is arranged inside the driver's compartment preferably on the rear view mirror in front of the windshield. The light emitter generates light pulses or flashes radiating through the windshield. The light scattered back due to soiling on the inside and outside of the windshield or in scatter zones, formed by fog or smoke or the like, in front of the windshield, impinges a light sensor, preferably likewise arranged on the rear view mirror inside the driver's compartment. By utilizing light pulses of various wavelengths and processing of the output signals of the light sensor in predetermined or predeterminable time windows or intervals, not only the respective visibility but also the type of viewing impairment can be determined.
摘要翻译：可见度测量装置主要用于机动车辆。灯驱动器室内布置有光发射器，优选地在挡风玻璃前方的后视镜上。光发射器产生通过挡风玻璃辐射的光脉冲或闪光。由于在挡风玻璃的内部和外部以及在挡风玻璃前面由雾或烟等形成的散射区域中的污染而散发的光照射光线传感器，优选同样布置在后视镜的内部驾驶室通过利用各种波长的光脉冲和在预定或可预定的时间窗口或间隔中处理光传感器的输出信号，不仅可以确定各自的可视性，而且可以确定观察损伤的类型。

2. 发明授权

US5005085A Controllable semiconductor image sensor and arrangement with such a sensor 失效
标题翻译：可控半导体图像传感器和这种传感器的布置
公开(公告)号：US5005085A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-02
申请号：US440601
申请日：1989-11-22
申请人： Hans Spies , Alfons Woehrl , Martin Spies
发明人： Hans Spies , Alfons Woehrl , Martin Spies
IPC分类号： H04N5/335 , G01S7/481 , G01S17/89 , H01L27/148 , H01L31/107
CPC分类号： H01L31/107 , G01S17/89 , G01S7/4816 , H01L27/14875
摘要： A semiconductor optical image sensor is constructed particularly as a CCD-structure having a linear or two-dimensional array configuration with parallel or serial read-out. The CCD-structure is combined with an avalanche diode structure arranged on one side of the semiconductor or in laterally spaced locations to allow an optically controllable amplification of the image signal in the image sensor by an avalanche effect.
摘要翻译：半导体光学图像传感器特别地被构造成具有并行或串行读出的线性或二维阵列配置的CCD结构。 CCD结构与布置在半导体的一侧或横向间隔开的位置处的雪崩二极管结构组合，以允许通过雪崩效应对图像传感器中的图像信号进行光学可控放大。

3. 发明授权

US5086342A Image sensor with an avalanche diode forming an optical shutter 失效
标题翻译：具有形成光学快门的雪崩二极管的图像传感器
公开(公告)号：US5086342A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-04
申请号：US440603
申请日：1989-11-22
申请人： Hans Spies , Alfons Woehrl , Martin Spies
发明人： Hans Spies , Alfons Woehrl , Martin Spies
IPC分类号： B60Q9/00 , G01S7/481 , G01S7/486 , G01S17/89 , G01S17/93 , G05D1/02 , H01L27/14 , H01L27/148 , H01L31/107 , H04N5/353 , H04N5/3728
CPC分类号： G01S17/936 , G01S17/89 , G01S7/4816 , G01S7/4863 , H01L27/14831 , H01L31/107 , H04N3/1556
摘要： A semiconductor image sensor having a CCD-structure, includes sensor elements arranged in a linear or in a two-dimensional array suitable for a parallel or serial read-out of information. An avalanche diode is arranged between a p-layer and a high resistance n-layer on a light inlet side of the semiconductor device. The charge carriers coming from the avalanche diode are transferred to a CCD-structure in response to an electrical control signal applied to the p-layer and the n-layer of the image sensor. This construction forms an optical shutter that is controllable by pulses of short duration within the range of about 1 to 10 ns.
摘要翻译：具有CCD结构的半导体图像传感器包括以线性或二维阵列布置的适于并行或串行读出信息的传感器元件。在半导体器件的光入射侧的p层和高电阻n层之间配置有雪崩二极管。响应于施加到图像传感器的p层和n层的电控信号，来自雪崩二极管的电荷载流子转移到CCD结构。这种结构形成一个光学快门，该光学快门由约1至10纳秒范围内的短持续时间的脉冲控制。

4. 发明授权

US06459389B1 Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor 有权
标题翻译：自适应绝对转向角传感器
公开(公告)号：US06459389B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-01
申请号：US09581968
申请日：2000-06-19
申请人： Michael Germuth-Löffler , Martin Spies
发明人： Michael Germuth-Löffler , Martin Spies
IPC分类号： H03M122
CPC分类号： G01D5/347 , B62D15/02 , G01D5/2492 , G01D5/3473 , G01D5/34776
摘要： The invention relates to an adaptive absolute steering sensor for the absolute determination of a turning angle, especially for determining the steering angle in a motor vehicle by way of a code applied across a 360° angular range for a determining the angle. The code and a sensor system are arranged in such a way that they are able to rotate in relation to each other. Absolute determination of the angle is carried out by reading the contrast information using a micro processor which determines both the angular position of the code and the fine resolution of the angles on the basis of the relative position of the recognized angle to the image on the photodetector system. At the same time the overall function of the system is verified and adjusted during each measurement. The code is determined using a photodetector system positioned in a single place, and used for determining the angle, whereby an unbroken segment of code track is shown on at least one photodetector line and at least one code word is detected to which corresponds a predetermined angle. The position of the code word in relation to the fixed position of the photodetector line is measured.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于绝对确定转向角的自适应绝对转向传感器，特别是用于通过在360°角度范围上施加的用于确定角度的代码来确定机动车辆中的转向角度。代码和传感器系统被布置成使得它们能够相对于彼此旋转。通过使用微处理器读取对比度信息来进行角度的绝对确定，微处理器基于识别的角度与光电检测器上的图像的相对位置来确定代码的角位置和角度的精细分辨率系统。同时在每个测量过程中对系统的整体功能进行了验证和调整。使用位于单个位置的光电检测器系统来确定代码，并且用于确定角度，由此在至少一个光电检测器线上示出代码轨迹的不间断段，并且检测到至少一个代码字对应于预定角度。测量代码字相对于光电检测器线的固定位置的位置。

5. 发明授权

US5585625A Arrangement for detecting the occupancy of a seat in vehicles and the like 失效
标题翻译：用于检测车辆中的座椅的占用的布置等
公开(公告)号：US5585625A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-17
申请号：US440223
申请日：1995-01-11
申请人： Martin Spies
发明人： Martin Spies
IPC分类号： B60R21/01 , B60R21/015 , G01S17/02 , G06K9/00 , G07B13/02 , G08B13/194
CPC分类号： B60R21/01534 , G01S17/026 , G06K9/00362 , G07B13/02 , G01S17/023 , G01S7/4814 , Y10S250/01
摘要： Arrangement for detecting the occupancy of a seat for safety systems having a plurality of light emitters, which are imaged onto the seat via an optical unit and the luminous spots created there are imaged via a further optical unit onto a photodetector field. The contour is acquired with a microprocessor via the evaluation of the position of these luminous spots on the photodetector field, and thus the type of occupancy is determined. This information can be supported via passive IR detectors for the acquisition of the temperature differential.
摘要翻译：用于检测具有通过光学单元成像到座椅上的多个发光体的安全系统的座椅的占用的布置以及在那里产生的发光点经由另外的光学单元被成像到光电检测器场上。通过评估光电检测器场上的这些发光点的位置，用微处理器获取轮廓，因此确定占用的类型。该信息可以通过被动红外探测器来支持，用于采集温差。

6. 发明授权

US4259592A Ceilometric method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译： Celometric方法和仪器
公开(公告)号：US4259592A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-31
申请号：US61991
申请日：1979-07-30
申请人： Frank Frungel , Martin Spies
发明人： Frank Frungel , Martin Spies
IPC分类号： G01S17/95 , G01N15/06
CPC分类号： G01S17/95
摘要： In a ceilometric system, light pulses are emitted from a transmitter towards overhead clouds and reflected back down towards a receiver which generates a photodetector signal transmitted by a gate whose gating interval is shifted in time relative to the light-pulse emission instant to define successive range steps. During each dwell at a particular gating interval and range step, the photodetector signal is integrated to develop an integral signal for that range step. The integral signal for each range step is digitalized and stored in a digital storage circuit, ordered in correspondence to the sequence of the range steps. A microprocessor searches for the largest one of the stored integral signals and derives a ceilometric indication in dependence thereon.
摘要翻译：在测光系统中，光脉冲从发射机发射到高架云，并向下反射回接收机，该接收机产生由栅极传输的光电检测器信号，其门控间隔相对于光脉冲发射时刻在时间上移位以限定连续的范围脚步。在特定门控间隔和范围步长期间的每个驻留期间，光电检测器信号被积分以形成该范围步长的积分信号。每个范围步长的积分信号被数字化并存储在数字存储电路中，与数量级步骤的顺序相对应。微处理器搜索存储的积分信号中最大的一个，并根据其得出一个电位测量指示。

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