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1. 发明授权

US5327279A Apparatus for linearization of optic modulators using a feed-forward predistortion circuit 失效
标题翻译：使用前馈预失真电路线性化光学调制器的装置
公开(公告)号：US5327279A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-05
申请号：US916233
申请日：1992-07-17
申请人： James D. Farina , Gregory J. McBrien
发明人： James D. Farina , Gregory J. McBrien
IPC分类号： H04B10/155 , H04B10/04
CPC分类号： H04B10/50593 , H04B10/505 , H04B10/58
摘要： A feed-forward predistortion circuit to provide improved linear response in optic modulators. The circuit includes a non-linear element, an amplifier/delay means and a power combiner. The non-linear element generates a first signal sin(X), where (X) is the input signal. The amplifier/delay means generates a second signal 2(X). The first and second signals are combined in the power combiner to produce a modulating signal 2(X)-sin(X) which is fed to an optic modulator. The modulating signal 2(X)-sin(X) compensates for the transfer function of the optic modulator which has a transfer function sin(X), thereby producing a linear output.
摘要翻译：一种前馈预失真电路，用于在光学调制器中提供改进的线性响应。电路包括非线性元件，放大器/延迟装置和功率组合器。非线性元件产生第一信号sin（X），其中（X）是输入信号。放大器/延迟装置产生第二信号2（X）。在功率组合器中组合第一和第二信号以产生馈送到光调制器的调制信号2（X）-sin（X）。调制信号2（X）-sin（X）补偿具有传递函数sin（X）的光调制器的传递函数，从而产生线性输出。

2. 发明授权

US5168534A Cascaded optic modulator arrangement 失效
标题翻译：级联光调制器布置
公开(公告)号：US5168534A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-01
申请号：US803818
申请日：1991-12-09
申请人： Gregory J. McBrien , James D. Farina
发明人： Gregory J. McBrien , James D. Farina
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , G02F1/01 , G02F1/225
CPC分类号： G02F1/225 , G02B6/12004 , G02F1/0123 , G02F2203/19
摘要： A pair of interferometers, such as Mach-Zehnders, are disposed in a series arrangement in which a signal fed to an input of the first Mach-Zehnder is modulated by an optic modulator, the modulated signal is fed to an input of the second Mach-Zehnder and is modulated by a second optic modulator, the two optic modulators effectively being connected in a series or cascade arrangement. The phase offset of both modulators and the contrast of one modulator are adjusted to minimize both second and third order harmonics inherently generated by the modulation process of each modulator, thereby providing an improved linear response in the output signal of the second Mach-Zehnder.
摘要翻译：一对干涉仪如Mach-Zehnders以串联方式设置，其中馈送到第一Mach-Zehnder的输入端的信号被光调制器调制，调制信号被馈送到第二马赫 - Zehnder并且被第二光调制器调制，两个光调制器有效地以串联或级联方式连接。调整两个调制器的相位偏移和一个调制器的对比度以使由每个调制器的调制过程固有地产生的第二和第三阶谐波最小化，从而在第二马赫 - 曾德尔的输出信号中提供改进的线性响应。

3. 发明授权

US5400417A Electro-optic modulator having gated-dither bias control 失效
标题翻译：具有门控偏差控制的电光调制器
公开(公告)号：US5400417A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-21
申请号：US281712
申请日：1994-07-27
申请人： David J. Allie , James D. Farina
发明人： David J. Allie , James D. Farina
IPC分类号： G02F1/01 , G02F1/21 , G02B6/10
CPC分类号： G02F1/0123 , G02F2001/212
摘要： An electro-optic modulator includes a closed loop bias control system for maintaining the modulator at its half-power point by modulating a time varying signal on and off at a modulation frequency f.sub.m. The modulation frequency f.sub.m is much lower than the frequency components within the spectrum of the time varying signal, such that, energy within the time varying signal spectrum is recovered at the modulation frequency when the modulator is not operating at the half-power point. A phase sensitive demodulator operating at the modulation frequency f.sub.m demodulates a signal indicative of the modulator optical output signal to provide a DC voltage signal value indicative of the half-power point bias error value. The time varying voltage signal may be a dither noise signal or any other time varying signal such as a signal with a single frequency component (e.g. a sine or cosine) or a signal with a plurality of frequency components (e.g., a square wave).
摘要翻译：电光调制器包括一个闭环偏置控制系统，用于通过以调制频率fm调制时变信号的开和关来将调制器保持在其半功率点。调制频率fm远低于时变信号频谱内的频率分量，使得当调制器不在半功率点工作时，时变信号频谱内的能量以调制频率恢复。以调制频率fm工作的相位敏感解调器解调表示调制器光输出信号的信号，以提供表示半功率点偏差误差值的DC电压信号值。时变电压信号可以是抖动噪声信号或任何其它时变信号，例如具有单个频率分量（例如正弦或余弦）的信号或具有多个频率分量（例如，方波）的信号。

4. 发明授权

US5856880A Laser assisted thermo-electric poling of ferroelectric material 失效
标题翻译：铁电材料的激光辅助热电极化
公开(公告)号：US5856880A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-05
申请号：US226441
申请日：1994-04-12
申请人： James D. Farina , Donald E. Bossi , Robert A. Rubino, Jr.
发明人： James D. Farina , Donald E. Bossi , Robert A. Rubino, Jr.
IPC分类号： G02F1/355 , G02F1/13
CPC分类号： G02F1/3558
摘要： A ferroelectric material 44 is selectively poled using laser light 14 capable of being absorbed by the material 44, a shutter 18 for turning the light on and off, a variable attenuator 28, with a beam splitter 31 and an optical detector 31a, to set the laser power level, a lens 32 to provide focused laser light 14d, a mirror 36 driven by a motor 40 (mirror-scanner) to direct the light to the regions to be poled, and an electric field applied by electrodes 68, 70. A computer 24 provides automatic control over selective poling of the material 44 by controlling the shutter 18, variable attenuator 28, mirror 36 position, and the direction of the applied electric field. A temperature sensor 52 provides temperature feedback to ensure proper laser power and dwell time. In the alternative, the material 44 is covered with a mask 604 and scanned with the laser to provide selective pole reversal.
摘要翻译：使用能够被材料44吸收的激光14，用于使光通过和关闭的快门18，具有分束器31和光学检测器31a的可变衰减器28来选择性地极化铁电材料44，激光功率级，提供聚焦激光14d的透镜32，由电机40（镜像扫描仪）驱动以将光引导到被极化的区域的反射镜36以及由电极68,70施加的电场。计算机24通过控制快门18，可变衰减器28，反射镜36的位置以及所施加的电场的方向来提供对材料44的选择性极化的自动控制。温度传感器52提供温度反馈以确保适当的激光功率和停留时间。在替代方案中，材料44被掩模604覆盖并用激光扫描以提供选择性极反转。

5. 发明授权

US5118923A Laser annealed optical devices made by the proton exchange process 失效
标题翻译：激光退火光学器件由质子交换工艺制成
公开(公告)号：US5118923A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-02
申请号：US650432
申请日：1991-02-04
申请人： James D. Farina
发明人： James D. Farina
IPC分类号： B23K26/00 , G02B6/12 , G02B6/122 , G02B6/13 , G02B6/134
CPC分类号： G02B6/122 , B23K26/351 , G02B6/13 , G02B6/1345 , G02B2006/12147
摘要： The present invention can be utilized for altering the optical characteristics (e.g. refractive index) of selected regions of planar and channel waveguide structures fabricated by the Proton Exchange (PE) process from materials such as LiNbO.sub.3 or LiTaO.sub.3. The present invention employs localized surface heating from the absorption of optical radiation in an annealing process. Simultaneous alteration and monitoring of the optical characteristics of optical waveguide structures in these integrated optical devices is also provided, thereby allowing closed loop or active trimming of waveguide parameters
摘要翻译：本发明可用于通过质子交换（PE）工艺从诸如LiNbO 3或LiTaO 3的材料制造的平面和通道波导结构的选定区域的光学特性（例如折射率）。本发明在退火过程中采用来自光辐射的吸收的局部表面加热。还提供了这些集成光学器件中光波导结构的光学特性的同时改变和监测，从而允许波导参数的闭环或主动修整

6. 发明授权

US5515199A Optical system employing near-incoherent processing for distortion correction 失效
标题翻译：采用近相干处理的畸变校正光学系统
公开(公告)号：US5515199A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-07
申请号：US381228
申请日：1995-01-31
申请人： James D. Farina
发明人： James D. Farina
IPC分类号： H04B10/04 , H04B10/02 , H04B10/06 , H04B10/142 , H04B10/152 , H04B10/18 , G02F1/35
CPC分类号： H04B10/2507 , G02F2203/19
摘要： A system for correcting nonlinear distortion in fiber optic systems including communication systems by means of light modulation provided by interferometric modulators such as the Mach-Zehnder. The present invention involves the addition of a correction signal which contains error canceling information. The additive correction signal optical beam is frequency shifted or phase scrambled through the use of a phase or frequency modulator. This insures the corrective light signal adds incoherently or quasi-incoherently within the signal bandwidth of interest. Furthermore, the present system requires only a single light source and can be made independent of wavelength and is easily optimized with active servo devices. A system provided by the present invention also provides improvement over the state of the art because of its high degree of correction and independence from link length using ordinary single mode fibers.
摘要翻译：一种用于通过诸如Mach-Zehnder等干涉式调制器的光调制来校正光纤系统中包括通信系统的非线性失真的系统。本发明涉及添加包含错误消除信息的校正信号。加法校正信号光束通过使用相位或频率调制器进行频移或相位扰频。这确保校正光信号在感兴趣的信号带宽内不连续地或准非相干地增加。此外，本系统仅需要一个光源，并且可以独立于波长，并且可以用有源伺服装置容易地优化。本发明提供的系统由于其使用普通单模光纤的高度校正和链路长度的独立性而提供了对现有技术的改进。

7. 发明授权

US5193128A Integrated optic modulator with smooth electro-optic bandpass characteristics 失效
标题翻译：具有平滑电光带通特性的集成光调制器
公开(公告)号：US5193128A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-09
申请号：US813468
申请日：1991-12-26
申请人： James D. Farina , Paul G. Suchoski
发明人： James D. Farina , Paul G. Suchoski
IPC分类号： G02F1/035 , G02B6/12 , G02F1/225
CPC分类号： G02F1/225 , G02F1/035 , G02F2201/126
摘要： An optic intensity modulator includes a substrate of an optic material that is conductive to light and acoustic waves and has both electrooptic and piezoelectric properties. A pair of associated elongated light waveguides is formed in the substrate, with the waveguides extending substantially coextensively with one another, and being separated from one another by a transverse distance that gradually varies along the courses of the waveguides. Each of two portions of light of substantially identical properties is launched into one of the waveguides for propagation longitudinally thereof, and different phase shifts are induced in the light portions as they propagate in the waveguides by imposing different variable electric fields onto each of the waveguides. The light portions are combined with one another subsequently to their emergence from the waveguides with attendant amplitude modulation of the combined output light due to interference between such phase-shifted light portions.
摘要翻译：光学强度调制器包括对光和声波导电并具有电光和压电特性的光学材料的衬底。在衬底中形成一对相关联的细长光波导，其中波导基本上彼此共同延伸，并且彼此分离横向距离，该横向距离沿着波导的轨迹逐渐变化。基本上相同性质的光的两部分中的每一个被发射到波导中的一个以便于其纵向传播，并且当它们在波导中传播时，通过在每个波导上施加不同的可变电场，在光部中感应出不同的相移。光部分彼此组合，随后由于这些相移光部分之间的干涉，从波导出现，伴随着组合的输出光的幅度调制。

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