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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Calixarene crown ether solvent composition and use thereof for extraction of cesium from alkaline waste solutions
    • 杯芳烃冠醚溶剂组合物及其用于从碱性废溶液中萃取铯的用途
    • US06174503B1
    • 2001-01-16
    • US09146800
    • 1998-09-03
    • Bruce A. MoyerRichard A. SachlebenPeter V. BonnesenDerek J. Presley
    • Bruce A. MoyerRichard A. SachlebenPeter V. BonnesenDerek J. Presley
    • C22B2610
    • C22B3/002C22B26/10Y02P10/234
    • A solvent composition and corresponding method for extracting cesium (Cs) from aqueous neutral and alkaline solutions containing Cs and perhaps other competing metal ions is described. The method entails contacting an aqueous Cs-containing solution with a solvent consisting of a specific class of lipophilic calix[4]arene-crown ether extractants dissolved in a hydrocarbon-based diluent containing a specific class of alkyl-aromatic ether alcohols as modifiers. The cesium values are subsequently recovered from the extractant, and the solvent subsequently recycled, by contacting the Cs-containing organic solution with an aqueous stripping solution. This combined extraction and stripping method is especially useful as a process for removal of the radionuclide cesium-137 from highly alkaline waste solutions which are also very concentrated in sodium and potassium. No pre-treatment of the waste solution is necessary, and the cesium can be recovered using a safe and inexpensive stripping process using water, dilute (millimolar) acid solutions, or dilute (millimolar) salt solutions. An important application for this invention would be treatment of alkaline nuclear tank wastes. Alternatively, the invention could be applied to decontamination of acidic reprocessing wastes containing cesium-137.
    • 描述了从含有Cs和可能的其它竞争性金属离子的中性和碱性溶液中提取铯(Cs)的溶剂组成和相应方法。 该方法需要使含水的含Cs溶液与溶解在含有特定类别的烷基 - 芳族醚醇作为改性剂的烃基稀释剂中的特定类别的亲油性杯[4]芳烃 - 冠醚萃取剂组成的溶剂接触。 随后从萃取剂中回收铯值,然后通过使含Cs的有机溶液与水性剥离溶液接触,随后再循环溶剂。 这种组合萃取和汽提方法特别适用于从高碱性废液中去除铯-137的方法,该方法也非常浓缩在钠和钾中。 不需要对废溶液进行预处理,并且可以使用水,稀(毫摩尔)酸溶液或稀(毫摩尔)盐溶液,使用安全且廉价的汽提方法回收铯。 本发明的重要应用是碱性核罐废物的处理。 或者,本发明可以应用于含有铯-137的酸性再处理废物的去污。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Regeneration of strong-base anion-exchange resins by sequential chemical displacement
    • 通过连续化学位移再生强碱阴离子交换树脂
    • US06448299B1
    • 2002-09-10
    • US09491242
    • 2000-01-25
    • Gilbert M. BrownBaohua GuBruce A. MoyerPeter V. Bonnesen
    • Gilbert M. BrownBaohua GuBruce A. MoyerPeter V. Bonnesen
    • B01J4900
    • B01J49/57
    • A method for regenerating strong-base anion exchange resins utilizing a sequential chemical displacement technique with new regenerant formulation. The new first regenerant solution is composed of a mixture of ferric chloride, a water-miscible organic solvent, hydrochloric acid, and water in which tetrachloroferrate anion is formed and used to displace the target anions on the resin. The second regenerant is composed of a dilute hydrochloric acid and is used to decompose tetrachloroferrate and elute ferric ions, thereby regenerating the resin. Alternative chemical displacement methods include: (1) displacement of target anions with fluoroborate followed by nitrate or salicylate and (2) displacement of target anions with salicylate followed by dilute hydrochloric acid. The methodology offers an improved regeneration efficiency, recovery, and waste minimization over the conventional displacement technique using sodium chloride (or a brine) or alkali metal hydroxide.
    • 利用具有新的再生剂配方的连续化学位移技术再生强碱阴离子交换树脂的方法。 新的第一再生剂溶液由氯化铁,水混溶性有机溶剂,盐酸和水的混合物组成,其中形成四氯铁酸盐阴离子并用于置换树脂上的目标阴离子。 第二再生剂由稀盐酸组成,用于分解四氯铁酸盐并洗脱三价铁离子,从而再生树脂。 替代化学位移方法包括:(1)用氟硼酸盐,硝酸盐或水杨酸盐置换目标阴离子,和(2)用水杨酸盐置换目标阴离子,然后用稀盐酸置换。 与使用氯化钠(或盐水)或碱金属氢氧化物的常规置换技术相比,该方法提供了改进的再生效率,回收率和废物最小化。