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1. 发明授权

US07603165B2 Method for acquiring PET and CT images 有权
标题翻译： PET和CT图像采集方法
公开(公告)号：US07603165B2
公开(公告)日：2009-10-13
申请号：US10623437
申请日：2003-07-18
申请人： David W. Townsend , Ronald Nutt
发明人： David W. Townsend , Ronald Nutt
IPC分类号： A61B6/00
CPC分类号： A61B6/482 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/037 , A61B6/405 , A61B6/4488 , A61B6/463 , A61B6/5235 , A61B6/583 , G01T1/1611 , G01T1/2985
摘要： A combined PET and X-Ray CT tomograph for acquiring CT and PET images sequentially in a single device, overcoming alignment problems due to internal organ movement, variations in scanner bed profile, and positioning of the patient for the scan. In order to achieve good signal-to-noise (SNR) for imaging any region of the body, an improvement to both the CT-based attenuation correction procedure and the uniformity of the noise structure in the PET emission scan is provided. The PET/CT scanner includes an X-ray CT and two arrays of PET detectors mounted on a single support within the same gantry, and rotate the support to acquire a full projection data set for both imaging modalities. The tomograph acquires functional and anatomical images which are accurately co-registered, without the use of external markers or internal landmarks.
摘要翻译：一种组合的PET和X射线CT断层摄影机，用于在单个装置中顺序地获取CT和PET图像，克服了由于内部器官移动引起的对准问题，扫描仪床形状的变化以及患者对于扫描的定位。为了实现用于对身体的任何区域进行成像的良好的信噪比（SNR），提供了基于CT的衰减校正过程和PET发射扫描中的噪声结构的均匀性的改进。 PET / CT扫描仪包括安装在同一台架内的单个支架上的X射线CT和两个PET检测器阵列，并旋转支架以获得两个成像模态的全投影数据集。断层摄影机获取准确共同注册的功能和解剖图像，而不使用外部标记或内部地标。

2. 发明授权

US06631284B2 Combined PET and X-ray CT tomograph 有权
标题翻译：联合PET和X线CT断层扫描
公开(公告)号：US06631284B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-07
申请号：US10167837
申请日：2002-06-12
申请人： Ronald Nutt , David W. Townsend
发明人： Ronald Nutt , David W. Townsend
IPC分类号： A61B505
CPC分类号： A61B6/482 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/037 , A61B6/405 , A61B6/4488 , A61B6/463 , A61B6/5235 , A61B6/583 , G01T1/1611 , G01T1/2985
摘要： A combined PET and X-Ray CT tomograph for acquiring CT and PET images sequentially in a single device, overcoming alignment problems due to internal organ movement, variations in scanner bed profile, and positioning of the patient for the scan. In order to achieve good signal-to-noise (SNR) for imaging any region of the body, an improvement to both the CT-based attenuation correction procedure and the uniformity of the noise structure in the PET emission scan is provided. The PET/CT scanner includes an X-ray CT and two arrays of PET detectors mounted on a single support within the same gantry, and rotate the support to acquire a full projection data set for both imaging modalities. The tomograph acquires functional and anatomical images which are accurately co-registered, without the use of external markers or internal landmarks.
摘要翻译：一种组合的PET和X射线CT断层摄影机，用于在单个装置中顺序地获取CT和PET图像，克服了由于内部器官移动引起的对准问题，扫描仪床形状的变化以及患者对于扫描的定位。为了实现用于对身体的任何区域进行成像的良好的信噪比（SNR），提供了基于CT的衰减校正过程和PET发射扫描中的噪声结构的均匀性的改进。 PET / CT扫描仪包括安装在同一台架内的单个支架上的X射线CT和两个PET检测器阵列，并旋转支架以获得两个成像模态的全投影数据集。断层摄影机获取准确共同注册的功能和解剖图像，而不使用外部标记或内部地标。

3. 发明授权

US06490476B1 Combined PET and X-ray CT tomograph and method for using same 有权
标题翻译：组合PET和X线CT断层扫描仪及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US06490476B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-03
申请号：US09685222
申请日：2000-10-10
申请人： David W. Townsend , Ronald Nutt
发明人： David W. Townsend , Ronald Nutt
IPC分类号： A61B505
CPC分类号： A61B6/482 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/037 , A61B6/405 , A61B6/4488 , A61B6/463 , A61B6/5235 , A61B6/583 , G01T1/1611 , G01T1/2985
摘要： A combined PET and X-Ray CT tomograph for acquiring CT and PET images sequentially in a single device, overcoming alignment problems due to internal organ movement, variations in scanner bed profile, and positioning of the patient for the scan. In order to achieve good signal-to-noise (SNR) for imaging any region of the body, an improvement to both the CT-based attenuation correction procedure and the uniformity of the noise structure in the PET emission scan is provided. The PET/CT scanner includes an X-ray CT and two arrays of PET detectors mounted on a single support within the same gantry, and rotate the support to acquire a full projection data set for both imaging modalities. The tomograph acquires functional and anatomical images which are accurately co-registered, without the use of external markers or internal landmarks.
摘要翻译：一种组合的PET和X射线CT断层摄影机，用于在单个装置中顺序地获取CT和PET图像，克服了由于内部器官移动引起的对准问题，扫描仪床形状的变化以及患者对于扫描的定位。为了实现用于对身体的任何区域进行成像的良好的信噪比（SNR），提供了基于CT的衰减校正过程和PET发射扫描中的噪声结构的均匀性的改进。 PET / CT扫描仪包括安装在同一台架内的单个支架上的X射线CT和两个PET检测器阵列，并旋转支架以获得两个成像模态的全投影数据集。断层摄影机获取准确共同注册的功能和解剖图像，而不使用外部标记或内部地标。

4. 发明申请

US20130130309A1 Radiopharmaceutical Production System and Quality Control System Utilizing High Performance Liquid Chromatography 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用高效液相色谱的放射性药物生产系统和质量控制系统
公开(公告)号：US20130130309A1
公开(公告)日：2013-05-23
申请号：US13446334
申请日：2012-04-13
申请人： Ronald Nutt , Antony M. Giamis , Aaron McFarland
发明人： Ronald Nutt , Antony M. Giamis , Aaron McFarland
IPC分类号： G01N30/74 , G01N33/60
CPC分类号： G01N30/74 , A61K51/0491 , B01J19/0093 , B01J2219/00788 , B01J2219/00873 , B01J2219/00891 , B01J2219/00905 , G01N30/88 , G01N33/60 , G01N2030/77 , G01N2030/8872
摘要： HPLC-based quality control systems to perform quality control testing on a radiopharmaceutical solution shortly after synthesis. An HPLC-based quality control system makes efficient use of sample volume and is compatible with a variety of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceutical compounds. In several embodiments, the automated nature of an HPLC-based quality control system allows for quality control tests to be conducted quickly and with minimal impact on user workflow. When used as part of an integrated PET biomarker radiopharmaceutical production system, the present general inventive concept permits a manufacturer to produce product and conduct quality control tests with lower per dose costs.
摘要翻译：基于HPLC的质量控制系统，在合成后不久就对放射性药物溶液进行质量控制测试。基于HPLC的质量控制系统有效利用样品体积，并与各种放射性同位素和放射性药物化合物相容。在几个实施例中，基于HPLC的质量控制系统的自动化性质允许快速进行质量控制测试并且对用户工作流程的影响最小。当作为PET生物标志物整合放射性药物生产系统的一部分使用时，本发明总体上允许制造商生产产品并以较低的每剂量成本进行质量控制测试。

5. 发明授权

US07476883B2 Biomarker generator system 有权
标题翻译：生物标记发生器系统
公开(公告)号：US07476883B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-13
申请号：US11441999
申请日：2006-05-26
申请人： Ronald Nutt
发明人： Ronald Nutt
IPC分类号： H05H9/00 , G21G1/10
CPC分类号： G21G4/08 , G21G1/0005 , G21G1/10 , G21H5/02 , H05H13/005
摘要： A biomarker generator system for producing approximately one (1) unit dose of a biomarker. The biomarker generator system includes a small, low-power particle accelerator (“micro-accelerator”) and a radiochemical synthesis subsystem having at least one microreactor and/or microfluidic chip. The micro-accelerator is provided for producing approximately one (1) unit dose of a radioactive substance, such as a substance that emits positrons. The radiochemical synthesis subsystem is provided for receiving the radioactive substance, for receiving at least one reagent, and for synthesizing the approximately one (1) unit dose of a biomarker.
摘要翻译：生物标志物发生器系统，用于生产大约一（1）个单位剂量的生物标志物。生物标志物发生器系统包括具有至少一个微反应器和/或微流体芯片的小型低功率粒子加速器（“微加速器”）和放射化学合成子系统。提供微促进剂用于产生大约一（1）单位剂量的放射性物质，例如发射正电子的物质。提供放射化学合成子系统用于接收放射性物质，用于接收至少一种试剂，并用于合成大约一（1）单位剂量的生物标志物。

6. 发明授权

US07164136B2 Detector array using a continuous light guide 有权
标题翻译：检测器阵列使用连续光导
公开(公告)号：US07164136B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-16
申请号：US10680015
申请日：2003-10-07
申请人： Mehmet Aykac , Matthias J. Schmand , Niraj K. Doshi , Mark S. Andreaco , Lars A. Eriksson , Charles W. Williams , Ronald Nutt
发明人： Mehmet Aykac , Matthias J. Schmand , Niraj K. Doshi , Mark S. Andreaco , Lars A. Eriksson , Charles W. Williams , Ronald Nutt
IPC分类号： G01T3/06
CPC分类号： G01T1/1644 , A61B6/037 , G01T1/2928
摘要： A detector for use in imaging applications includes at least one detector array, an array of photodetectors, and a continuous light guide disposed between the detectors and the photodetectors. The light guide is continuous over the entire area of the photodetectors and detectors. The thickness of the light guide is optimized based on the shape of the photodetector array. Each detector array includes a plurality of scintillator elements disposed in an M×N array, where “M” and “N” are independently selectable and are each at least one. A mechanism for maintaining the relative positions of the individual scintillator elements with respect to each other is provided. The retainer is further provided to enhance the separation between the individual detector arrays to define distinct boundaries between the position profiles of the scintillator arrays.
摘要翻译：用于成像应用的检测器包括至少一个检测器阵列，光电检测器阵列，以及设置在检测器和光电探测器之间的连续光导。导光体在光电检测器和检测器的整个区域上是连续的。基于光电检测器阵列的形状优化光导的厚度。每个检测器阵列包括设置在MxN阵列中的多个闪烁体元件，其中“M”和“N”可独立选择并且各自至少一个。提供了用于保持各个闪烁体元件相对于彼此的相对位置的机构。进一步提供保持器以增强各个检测器阵列之间的间隔，以限定闪烁体阵列的位置分布之间的不同边界。

7. 发明授权

US06362479B1 Scintillation detector array for encoding the energy, position, and time coordinates of gamma ray interactions 有权
标题翻译：闪烁探测器阵列，用于编码伽马射线相互作用的能量，位置和时间坐标
公开(公告)号：US06362479B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-26
申请号：US09272228
申请日：1999-03-18
申请人： Mark S. Andreaco , Charles W. Williams , Ronald Nutt , Michael E. Casey
发明人： Mark S. Andreaco , Charles W. Williams , Ronald Nutt , Michael E. Casey
IPC分类号： G01T120
CPC分类号： G01T1/1644 , A61B6/037 , G01T1/1648
摘要： A scintillation detector which includes a plurality of discrete scintillators composed of one or more scintillator materials. The discrete scintillators interact with incident radiation to produce a quantifiable number of photons with characteristic emission wavelength and decay time. A light guide is operatively associated with the scintillation crystals and may be either active or non-active and segmented or non-segmented depending upon the embodiment of the design. Photodetectors are provided to sense and quantify the scintillation light emissions. The process and system embodying various features of the present invention can be utilized in various applications such as SPECT, PET imaging and simultaneous PET systems. In accordance with the present invention, the detector array of the present invention incorporates either a single scintillator layer of discrete scintillators or discrete scintillators composed of two stacked different layers that can be the same scintillator material or of two different scintillator materials. In either case the different layers are composed of materials that have distinctly different decay times. The variants in these figures are the types of optical detectors which are used, i.e. photomultipliers and/or photodiodes, whether or not a segmented optical light guide is used, and whether the light guide is active or non-active. If a segmented optical light guide is used then the variant is whether the configuration is inverted or non-inverted.
摘要翻译：闪烁检测器，其包括由一个或多个闪烁体材料组成的多个分立的闪烁体。离散的闪烁体与入射辐射相互作用以产生具有特征发射波长和衰减时间的可量化数量的光子。光引导件与闪烁晶体可操作地相关联，并且可以是有源的或非有效的，并且根据设计的实施例是分段的或非分段的。提供光电检测器来感测和量化闪烁光发射。体现本发明各种特征的方法和系统可以用于诸如SPECT，PET成像和同时PET系统的各种应用中。根据本发明，本发明的检测器阵列包括单个闪烁体层的离散闪烁体或由两层不同层组成的分立闪烁体，其可以是相同的闪烁体材料或两种不同的闪烁体材料。在任一情况下，不同的层由具有截然不同的衰变时间的材料组成。这些图中的变型是使用的光学检测器的类型，即光电倍增管和/或光电二极管，是否使用分段的光学光导，以及光导是活动的还是非活动的。如果使用分段光学光导，则该变体是配置是倒置还是非反转。

8. 发明授权

US11300695B2 Time-resolved positron emission tomography encoder system for producing event-by-event, real-time, high resolution, three-dimensional positron emission tomographic image without the necessity of performing image reconstruction 有权
公开(公告)号：US11300695B2
公开(公告)日：2022-04-12
申请号：US17340485
申请日：2021-06-07
申请人： Ronald Nutt , Lynda J. Nutt
发明人： Ronald Nutt , Lynda J. Nutt
IPC分类号： G01T1/29 , A61B6/03
摘要： A Time-Resolved PET imaging system for producing an event-by-event, real-time, high resolution, three-dimensional positron emission tomographic images without performing sinogram formation or image reconstruction. The third dimension is provided by measuring the ΔT between the arrival times of gamma rays from a positron event being detected by two cooperating detectors. In order to determine the location of a positron event along the lines of response, the measurement includes a fast scintillator, constant fraction discriminator and the digital intervalometer. The arrival time of each photon in the annihilation process is recorded with respect to a clock frequency with picosecond resolution. This approach requires significantly fewer positron events, thus requiring fewer detectors, thereby resulting in an gamma event-by-gamma event, real-time TPET imaging system that is more efficient and more economical to produce than conventional PET systems.

9. 发明授权

US08333952B2 Dose synthesis module for biomarker generator system 有权
标题翻译：用于生物标志物发生器系统的剂量合成模块
公开(公告)号：US08333952B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-18
申请号：US12565544
申请日：2009-09-23
申请人： Ronald Nutt , Anthony M. Giamis , Aaron McFarland
发明人： Ronald Nutt , Anthony M. Giamis , Aaron McFarland
IPC分类号： A61K51/00 , A61M36/14
CPC分类号： A61K51/0491 , B01J19/004 , B01J19/0093 , B01J2219/00788 , B01J2219/00873 , B01J2219/00891 , B01J2219/00905
摘要： A microfluidic radiopharmaceutical production system and process for synthesizing per run approximately, but not less than, one (1) unit dose of a radiopharmaceutical biomarker for use in positron emission tomography (PET). The radiopharmaceutical production system includes a reaction vessel that receives a radioisotope from an accelerator or other radioisotope generator. Organic and aqueous reagents are introduced into the reaction vessel, and the mixture is heated to synthesize a solution of a pre-selected radiopharmaceutical. The radiopharmaceutical solution is purified by passing the solution through a solid phase extraction column and a filter. The synthesis process produces per run a quantity of radiopharmaceutical approximately equal to, but not less than, one (1) unit dose of a radiopharmaceutical, reducing waste and allowing for the production of radiopharmaceutical on an as-needed basis. The synthesis process allows for the production of biomarker radiopharmaceuticals on site and close to the location where the unit dose will be administered to the patient. On-site, as-needed production of radiopharmaceuticals in small doses reduces the time between the synthesis of the radiopharmaceutical and the administration of that radiopharmaceutical, thereby minimizing the loss of active isotopes through decay and allowing the production of lesser amounts of radioisotopes overall.
摘要翻译：一种微流体放射性药物生产系统和用于在正电子发射断层摄影（PET）中使用的放射性药物生物标志物的大约一个但不少于一个单位剂量的放射性药物生物标志物合成的方法。放射性药物生产系统包括从加速器或其他放射性同位素发生器接收放射性同位素的反应容器。将有机和含水试剂引入反应容器中，并加热混合物以合成预先选择的放射性药物的溶液。通过使溶液通过固相萃取柱和过滤器来纯化放射性药物溶液。合成过程每次产生大约等于但不小于一（1）个单位剂量的放射性药物的放射性药物的量，减少浪费并允许根据需要生产放射性药物。合成过程允许在现场生产标记放射性药物并且靠近给予患者的单位剂量的位置。现场按需要的小剂量放射性药物的生产减少放射性药物的合成和放射性药物的给药之间的时间，从而通过衰减使活性同位素的损失最小化，并允许整体产生较少量的放射性同位素。

10. 发明授权

US08080815B2 Biomarker generator 有权
标题翻译：生物标记发生器
公开(公告)号：US08080815B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-20
申请号：US12690900
申请日：2010-01-20
申请人： Ronald Nutt
发明人： Ronald Nutt
IPC分类号： G21G1/10
CPC分类号： G21G1/001 , G21G1/10 , G21H5/02 , H05H13/00
摘要： An improved biomarker generator and a method suitable for efficiently producing short lived radiopharmaceuticals in quantities on the order of a unit dose. The improved biomarker generator includes a particle accelerator and a radiopharmaceutical micro-synthesis system. The micro-accelerator of the improved biomarker generator is optimized for producing radioisotopes useful in synthesizing radiopharmaceuticals in quantities on the order of one unit dose allowing for significant reductions in size, power requirements, and weight when compared to conventional radiopharmaceutical cyclotrons. The radiopharmaceutical micro-synthesis system of the improved biomarker generator is a small volume chemical synthesis system comprising a microreactor and/or a microfluidic chip and optimized for synthesizing the radiopharmaceutical in quantities on the order of one unit dose allowing for significant reductions in the quantity of radioisotope required and the processing time when compared to conventional radiopharmaceutical processing systems.
摘要翻译：改进的生物标志物发生器和适合于以单位剂量的量级有效地生产短寿命放射性药物的方法。改进的生物标志物发生器包括粒子加速器和放射性药物微合成系统。改进的生物标志物发生器的微促进剂被优化用于生产放射性同位素，其用于合成放射性药物，其数量在一个单位剂量的数量级上，与常规的放射性药物回旋加速器相比可显着减小尺寸，功率要求和重量。改进的生物标志物发生器的放射性药物微合成系统是小体积的化学合成系统，其包含微反应器和/或微流体芯片，并且被优化用于以一个单位剂量的量级合成放射性药物，从而显着减少与常规放射性药物处理系统相比，所需的放射性同位素和处理时间。

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