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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Use of chiral, uncharged metal compounds as dopants for liquid-crystalline materials
    • 使用手性,不带电荷的金属化合物作为液晶材料的掺杂剂
    • US06695977B2
    • 2004-02-24
    • US10011748
    • 2001-12-11
    • Frank PrechtlSylke HaremzaRobert ParkerKathrin KürschnerManfred BraunAntje HahnRalf Fleischer
    • Frank PrechtlSylke HaremzaRobert ParkerKathrin KürschnerManfred BraunAntje HahnRalf Fleischer
    • C09K1954
    • C09K19/586C09K19/40C09K19/588C09K2019/0448
    • Improved liquid crystalline materials may be prepared by doping liquid crystalline materials with chiral, uncharged metal compounds of formula [(P1—Y1—A1—Y2—M1—Y3—)nL]2Me or [(P1—Y1—A1—Y2—M1—Y3—)nL]Me(L′(—Y6—M2—Y5—A2—Y4—P2)n′)m. Groups P1 and P2 may be, independently, hydrogen, C1-C12-alkyl groups, polymerizable groups, or radicals containing a polymerizable group. Y1 to Y6 may be, independently, single chemical bonds, ether groups, thio groups, carbonyl groups, acid groups, etc. Groups A1 and A2 are spacers having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and M1 and M2 are mesogenic groups. Me may be a transition metal from the fourth, fifth or sixth period of the periodic table, except for technetium, silver, cadmium, gold, mercury, or any of the lanthanoids, or Me may be a main group element from group 14 (IUPAC system), except for carbon and lead. L is a tridentate ligand, and L′ is an organic group having up to 12 carbon atoms.
    • 可以通过用式[(P 1 -Y 1 -A 1 -Y 2 -M 1 -Y 3)的手性不带电的金属化合物掺杂液晶材料来制备改进的液晶材料 > - )nL] 2Me或[(P 1 -Y 1 -A 1 -Y 2 -M 1 -Y 3 - )n L] Me(L'( - Y < n')m。 基团P 1和P 2可以独立地是氢,C 1 -C 12烷基,可聚合基团或含有可聚合基团的基团。 Y 1至Y 6可以独立地是单个化学键,醚基,硫基,羰基,酸基等。基团A 1和A 2是具有1至30个碳的间隔基 原子,M 1和M 2是介晶基团。 我可能是周期表第四,第五或第六周期的过渡金属,锝,银,镉,金,汞或任何镧系元素除外,或Me可能是第14组的主要元素(IUPAC 系统),碳和铅除外。 L是三齿配体,L'是具有至多12个碳原子的有机基团。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Board drying process and drier
    • 板干燥过程和干燥剂
    • US5659975A
    • 1997-08-26
    • US591545
    • 1996-01-25
    • Friedrich BahnerManfred BraunKarl-Friedrich LangGerhard LehnKarl MaurerManfred SchmidtJosef Steinkuhl
    • Friedrich BahnerManfred BraunKarl-Friedrich LangGerhard LehnKarl MaurerManfred SchmidtJosef Steinkuhl
    • F26B3/28F26B15/12F26B15/18F26B21/00F26B21/04F26B21/06F26B23/00F26B23/02F26B23/10F26B7/00
    • F26B3/283F26B15/12F26B21/06F26B23/002F26B23/02F26B23/10Y02P70/405
    • In order to dry boards, the boards are guided on racks through a drier and brought into contact with drying air in two stages. In a stage A with a higher drying power, the drying air is supplied at a higher temperature and with an at least average humidity, and in the other stage B, it is supplied at an average temperature and with a low humidity. The waste heat of the outgoing air from stage A is used for preheating the drying air. This process should reduce the consumption of primary energy. For that purpose, a process is known that consists of also using the outgoing air condensation heat. This has the inconvenience, however, of requiring substantially more secondary energy, as important air mass flows are required to transfer heat because of the low condensation temperature. Primary energy should be reduced by using condensation heat without substantially increasing secondary energy requirements. According to the invention, the outgoing air from stage A is supplied to stage B through a heat exchanger arranged in the rack of the drier. The drying air of stage B is supplied in counter-current through the drier with a low humidity and temperature, so that the boards are dried in stage B both by condensation heat and by radiant heat. Thus only a reduced mass flow of drying air is required to transfer the condensation heat. The consumption of primary and secondary energy is low. This invention is suitable for drying boards as for buildings and gypsum plain boards or fibre boards.
    • PCT No.PCT / EP94 / 02479 Sec。 371日期:1996年1月25日 102(e)日期1996年1月25日PCT提交1994年7月27日PCT公布。 公开号WO95 / 04908 日期1995年2月16日为了干燥板,板通过干燥器在机架上引导,并分两个阶段与干燥空气接触。 在具有较高干燥能力的阶段A中,干燥空气在更高的温度和至少平均湿度下供应,而在另一个阶段B中,在平均温度和低湿度下供应干燥空气。 来自阶段A的排出空气的废热用于预热干燥空气。 这个过程应该减少一次能源的消耗。 为此目的,已知一种也使用输出空气冷凝热组成的方法。 然而,由于低冷凝温度,重要的空气质量流量需要传递热量,所以这带来了非常多的二次能量的不便。 应通过使用冷凝热来减少一次能源,而不会大幅增加二次能源需求。 根据本发明,通过布置在干燥器的齿条中的热交换器将来自阶段A的排出空气供应到阶段B. 阶段B的干燥空气通过干燥器以低湿度和温度逆流供应,使得板在B阶段通过冷凝热和辐射热干燥。 因此,只需减少干燥空气的质量流量来转移冷凝热。 一次和二次能源的消耗低。 本发明适用于建筑物,石膏板,纤维板等干燥板。
    • 8. 再颁专利
    • Board drying process and drier
    • 板干燥过程和干燥剂
    • USRE37557E1
    • 2002-02-26
    • US09378083
    • 1999-08-19
    • Freidrich BahnerManfred BraunGerhard LehnKarl MaurerManfred SchmidtJosef SteinkuhlKarl-Friedrich Lang
    • Freidrich BahnerManfred BraunGerhard LehnKarl MaurerManfred SchmidtJosef SteinkuhlKarl-Friedrich Lang
    • F26B300
    • F26B3/283F26B15/12F26B21/06F26B23/002F26B23/02F26B23/10Y02P70/405
    • In order to dry boards, the boards are guided on racks through a drier and brought into contact with drying air in two stages. In a stage A with a higher drying power, the drying air is supplied at a higher temperature and with an at least average humidity, and in the other stage B, it is supplied at an average temperature and with a low humidity. The waste heat of the outgoing air from stage A is used for preheating the drying air. This process should reduce the consumption of primary energy. For that purpose, a process is known that consists of also using the outgoing air condensation heat. This has the inconvenience, however, of requiring substantially more secondary energy, as important air mass flows are required to transfer heat because of the low condensation temperature. Primary energy should be reduced by using condensation heat without substantially increasing secondary energy requirements. According to the invention, the outgoing air from stage A is supplied to stage B through a heat exchanger arranged in the rack of the drier. The drying air of stage B is supplied in counter-current through the drier with a low humidity and temperature, so that the boards are dried in stage B both by condensation heat and by radiant heat. Thus only a reduced mass flow of drying air is required to transfer the condensation heat. The consumption of primary and secondary energy is low. This invention is suitable for drying boards as for buildings and gypsum plain boards or fiber boards.
    • 为了干燥板,板通过干燥器在机架上引导,并与干燥空气接触两个阶段。 在具有较高干燥能力的阶段A中,干燥空气在更高的温度和至少平均湿度下供应,而在另一个阶段B中,在平均温度和低湿度下供应干燥空气。 来自阶段A的排出空气的废热用于预热干燥空气。 这个过程应该减少一次能源的消耗。 为此目的,已知一种也使用输出空气冷凝热组成的方法。 然而,由于低冷凝温度,重要的空气质量流量需要传递热量,所以这带来了非常多的二次能量的不便。 应通过使用冷凝热来减少一次能源,而不会大幅增加二次能源需求。 根据本发明,通过布置在干燥器的齿条中的热交换器将来自阶段A的排出空气供应到阶段B. 阶段B的干燥空气通过干燥器以低湿度和温度逆流供应,使得板在B阶段通过冷凝热和辐射热干燥。 因此,只需减少干燥空气的质量流量来转移冷凝热。 一次和二次能源的消耗低。 本发明适用于建筑物,石膏板,纤维板等干燥板。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Preparation of higher unsaturated ketones
    • 制备较高级的不饱和酮
    • US4310705A
    • 1982-01-12
    • US163401
    • 1980-06-26
    • Axel NissenGerd KaibelOtto WoerzLothar ArnoldManfred BraunWalter Rebafka
    • Axel NissenGerd KaibelOtto WoerzLothar ArnoldManfred BraunWalter Rebafka
    • C07C49/20B01J31/14C07C45/00C07C45/67C07C45/68C07C67/00C07C45/48
    • C07C45/676
    • An improved process for the preparation of higher unsaturated ketones, such as geranylacetone and farnesylacetone, by reacting a .beta.,.gamma.-unsaturated alcohol and an alkyl acetoacetate at an elevated temperature in the presence of an organic aluminum compound, with elimination, and removal, of the alcohol derived from the alkyl acetoacetate in a reactor system carrying a fractionating column. The improvement in the purity, yield, and especially space-time yield of the product is achieved by starting from an alcohol having a higher boiling point than that of the alkyl acetoacetate used, carrying out the reaction in the presence of a small amount of an inert liquid which has a boiling point between that of the alkyl acetoacetate and the alcohol to be eliminated therefrom, and ensuring that the temperature at the bottom of the fractionating column is only slightly higher than the boiling point of the added liquid, under the prevailing pressure.
    • 通过在有机铝化合物的存在下在升高的温度下使β,γ-不饱和醇和乙酰乙酸烷基酯反应来制备高级不饱和酮,如香叶基丙酮和法呢基丙酮的改进方法,消除和除去 在含有分馏塔的反应器系统中衍生自乙酰乙酸烷基酯的醇。 通过从具有比所用乙酰乙酸烷基酯的沸点高的醇开始的醇开始,在少量的存在下进行反应来实现产物的纯度,产率和特别的时空产率的改善 沸点在乙酰乙酸烷基酯和被除去的醇之间的沸点的惰性液体,并且确保分馏塔底部的温度仅略高于添加液体的沸点,在主要压力下 。