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1. 发明授权

US06434846B1 Method of calibrating a scanning system 失效
公开(公告)号：US06434846B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-20
申请号：US09701735
申请日：2000-12-04
申请人： David R McMurtry , Alexander T Sutherland , David A Wright
发明人： David R McMurtry , Alexander T Sutherland , David A Wright
IPC分类号： G01B2104
CPC分类号： B82Y15/00 , G01B21/042
摘要： A method of calibrating a scanning system comprising a machine and a measuring probe, includes the steps of error mapping the system statically and qualifying the stylus tip so that the system will provide accurate measurements, determining the positions of a number of datum points on the surface of an artefact with the probe stylus in contact with the workpiece and at zero deflection normal to the surface, scanning the surface through the datum points at a nominal stylus deflection and at the maximum speed which provides repeatable position measurements to make a second determination of the positions of the datum points, determining the errors attributable to the scanning process by subtracting the positions obtained in the first and second determinations, and storing the error values for correction of subsequent measurements of similar artefacts.

2. 发明授权

US06601311B2 Method of calibrating a scanning system 有权
公开(公告)号：US06601311B2
公开(公告)日：2003-08-05
申请号：US10191460
申请日：2002-07-10
申请人： David R McMurtry , Alexander T Sutherland , David A Wright
发明人： David R McMurtry , Alexander T Sutherland , David A Wright
IPC分类号： G01B2104
CPC分类号： B82Y15/00 , G01B21/042
摘要： A method of calibrating a scanning system comprising a machine and a measuring probe, includes the steps of error mapping the system statically and qualifying the stylus tip so that the system will provide accurate measurements, determining the positions of a number of datum points on the surface of an artefact with the probe stylus in contact with the workpiece and at zero deflection normal to the surface, scanning the surface through the datum points at a nominal stylus deflection and at the maximum speed which provides repeatable position measurements to make a second determination of the positions of the datum points, determining the errors attributable to the scanning process by subtracting the positions obtained in the first and second determinations, and storing the error values for correction of subsequent measurements of similar artefacts.

3. 发明授权

US06580964B2 Calibrations of an analogue probe and error mapping 有权
标题翻译：模拟探头的校准和误差映射
公开(公告)号：US06580964B2
公开(公告)日：2003-06-17
申请号：US10232396
申请日：2002-09-03
申请人： Alexander T Sutherland , David A Wright
发明人： Alexander T Sutherland , David A Wright
IPC分类号： G06F1900
CPC分类号： G01B21/042
摘要： An analogue probe having a stylus with a spherical tip of radius (r) is calibrated using a sphere of known radius (R) mounted on a machine. The stylus tip is driven into the sphere from a plurality of directions (at least 9), each nominally normal to the sphere surface, until the stylus has deflected a predetermined amount. The machine movement is then reversed, and probe (a,b,c) deflection outputs are recorded simultaneously with machine (X,Y,Z) axis positions until the stylus tip leaves the surface. The readings are extrapolated to obtain the (X,Y,Z) readings when the probe radial deflection is zero. The value of (R+r) is determined from these readings along with the position of the sphere center giving a value with zero probe errors. Values of (R+r) are also determined using a pre-selected radial deflection for each of the directions, by converting probe (a,b,c) outputs at that deflection to incremental machine (X,Y,Z) axis values using a trial probe transformation matrix. The differences in (R+r) values from the value obtained by extrapolation are noted as an error in each case, and the trial probe matrix is then optimized until the errors are minimized using the transformation obtained by the calibration, the probe can be error mapped.
摘要翻译：具有具有半径（r）的球形尖端的触针的模拟探头使用安装在机器上的已知半径（R）的球来校准。触针尖端从标称地垂直于球体表面的多个方向（至少9个）被驱动到球体中，直到触针已偏转预定量。然后机器运动反转，并且探头（a，b，c）偏转输出与机器（X，Y，Z）轴位置同时记录，直到触针尖离开表面。当探头径向偏转为零时，读数被外推以获得（X，Y，Z）读数。从这些读数中确定（R + r）的值以及球中心的位置给出具有零探头误差的值。通过将该偏转的探头（a，b，c）输出转换为增量机器（X，Y，Z）轴的值，使用每个方向的预选径向偏转来确定（R + r）的值。试验探针变换矩阵。通过外推获得的值中的（R + r）值的差异在每种情况下被记作为误差，然后优化试验探针矩阵，直到使用通过校准获得的变换将误差最小化，探针可能是错误的映射

4. 发明授权

US6131301A Method of and apparatus for measuring workpieces using a coordinate positioning machine 失效
标题翻译：使用坐标定位机测量工件的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US6131301A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-17
申请号：US114918
申请日：1998-07-14
申请人： Alexander T Sutherland
发明人： Alexander T Sutherland
IPC分类号： G01B21/04 , G01B7/012 , G01B7/00
CPC分类号： G01B21/045
摘要： Velocity dependent measurement errors made by coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) are corrected by deriving a polynomial expression which relates components of the errors to the relative velocity between the probe and the workpiece. A calibration is performed to establish the constant of the polynomial for different stylus configurations of the probe and these constants are stored. During a measuring process the probe produce analogue output signals from which a trigger signal is generated to latch the output signals of the machine measuring devices. The probe and machine output signals are monitored and recorded at clocked intervals over a range of positions within which lies the position at which the machine readings were latched. Actual relative velocity values are calculated at each position and, using these values and the stored constants, the errors in the machine readings at each position can be calculated from the polynomial. Signalling delays introduced to reduce false triggering of the probe can thus be compensated.
摘要翻译：由坐标测量机（CMM）进行的与速度相关的测量误差通过导出将误差分量与探头和工件之间的相对速度相关联的多项式表达式来校正。执行校准以建立探针的不同触针配置的多项式的常数，并且存储这些常数。在测量过程中，探头产生模拟输出信号，产生触发信号以锁定机器测量装置的输出信号。探头和机器输出信号以时钟间隔监视和记录在位于机器读数被锁定位置的位置范围内。在每个位置计算实际相对速度值，并使用这些值和存储的常数，可以从多项式计算每个位置的机器读数误差。因此可以补偿引入用于减少探针的错误触发的信号延迟。

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