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1. 发明申请

US20110249866A1 METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR THREE DIMENSIONAL OPTICAL IMAGING, SENSING, PARTICLE LOCALIZATION AND MANIPULATION 有权
标题翻译：用于三维光学成像，感测，粒子定位和操作的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20110249866A1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-13
申请号：US13084345
申请日：2011-04-11
申请人： Rafael Piestun , Sean Albert Quirin
发明人： Rafael Piestun , Sean Albert Quirin
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： H04N13/204 , G06T7/77 , G06T2207/10056 , G06T2207/10064
摘要： Embodiments include methods, systems, and/or devices that may be used to image, obtain three-dimensional information from a scence, and/or locate multiple small particles and/or objects in three dimensions. A point spread function (PSF) with a predefined three dimensional shape may be implemented to obtain high Fisher information in 3D. The PSF may be generated via a phase mask, an amplitude mask, a hologram, or a diffractive optical element. The small particles may be imaged using the 3D PSF. The images may be used to find the precise location of the object using an estimation algorithm such as maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), expectation maximization, or Bayesian methods, for example. Calibration measurements can be used to improve the theoretical model of the optical system. Fiduciary particles/targets can also be used to compensate for drift and other type of movement of the sample relative to the detector.
摘要翻译：实施例包括可用于成像，从三角形获得三维信息和/或定位三维的多个小颗粒和/或物体的方法，系统和/或设备。可以实现具有预定三维形状的点扩散函数（PSF）以获得3D中的高Fisher信息。 PSF可以通过相位掩模，幅度掩模，全息图或衍射光学元件生成。可以使用3D PSF对小颗粒进行成像。例如，图像可以用于使用诸如最大似然估计（MLE），期望最大化或贝叶斯方法的估计算法来找到对象的精确位置。校准测量可用于改善光学系统的理论模型。受信颗粒/目标也可用于补偿样品相对于检测器的漂移和其他类型的运动。

2. 发明授权

US07705970B2 Method and system for optical imaging and ranging 有权
标题翻译：光学成像和测距方法与系统
公开(公告)号：US07705970B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-27
申请号：US11758472
申请日：2007-06-05
申请人： Rafael Piestun , Carol J. Cogswell , Adam D. Greengard , Yoav Y. Schechner
发明人： Rafael Piestun , Carol J. Cogswell , Adam D. Greengard , Yoav Y. Schechner
IPC分类号： G01C3/08
CPC分类号： G01C3/08
摘要： The distance of objects to an optical system is estimated. An optical mask such as a diffractive optical element, continuous phase mask, hologram, amplitude mask, or combination thereof is placed within the optics in front of a sensor array such as a CCD, CID or COMAS device. The optical mask encodes the three-dimensional response of the system. The mask is designed to optimize depth estimation, for example, by maximizing Fisher information. A particular implementation creates a point spread function (“PSF”) that rotates as a function of the object position. The image or images obtained with different PSFs may be digitally processed to recover both a depth map of the scene and other parameters such as image brightness. The digital processing used to recover the depth map of the object may include deconvolution of a PSF from detected images.
摘要翻译：估计物体到光学系统的距离。诸如衍射光学元件，连续相位掩模，全息图，振幅掩模或其组合的光学掩模被放置在诸如CCD，CID或CMOS器件的传感器阵列之前的光学器件内。光掩模编码系统的三维响应。掩模被设计为优化深度估计，例如，通过最大化Fisher信息。特定的实现创建了作为对象位置的函数旋转的点扩散函数（“PSF”）。使用不同PSF获得的图像或图像可以被数字处理以恢复场景的深度图和诸如图像亮度的其他参数。用于恢复对象的深度图的数字处理可以包括来自检测到的图像的PSF的去卷积。

3. 发明申请

US20080137059A1 Method And System For Optical Imaging And Ranging 有权
标题翻译：光学成像与测距方法与系统
公开(公告)号：US20080137059A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-12
申请号：US11758472
申请日：2007-06-05
申请人： Rafael Piestun , Carol J. Cogswell , Adam D. Greengard , Yoav Y. Schechner
发明人： Rafael Piestun , Carol J. Cogswell , Adam D. Greengard , Yoav Y. Schechner
IPC分类号： G01C3/08
CPC分类号： G01C3/08
摘要： The distance of objects to an optical system is estimated. An optical mask such as a diffractive optical element, continuous phase mask, hologram, amplitude mask, or combination thereof is placed within the optics in front of a sensor array such as a CCD, CID or CMOS device. The optical mask encodes the three-dimensional response of the system. The mask is designed to optimize depth estimation, for example, by maximizing Fisher information. A particular implementation creates a point spread function (“PSF”) that rotates as a function of the object position. The image or images obtained with different PSFs may be digitally processed to recover both a depth map of the scene and other parameters such as image brightness. The digital processing used to recover the depth map of the object may include deconvolution of a PSF from detected images.
摘要翻译：估计物体到光学系统的距离。诸如衍射光学元件，连续相位掩模，全息图，振幅掩模或其组合的光学掩模被放置在诸如CCD，CID或CMOS器件的传感器阵列之前的光学器件内。光掩模编码系统的三维响应。掩模被设计为优化深度估计，例如，通过最大化Fisher信息。特定的实现创建了作为对象位置的函数旋转的点扩散函数（“PSF”）。使用不同PSF获得的图像或图像可以被数字处理以恢复场景的深度图和诸如图像亮度的其他参数。用于恢复对象的深度图的数字处理可以包括来自检测到的图像的PSF的去卷积。

4. 发明授权

US08693742B2 Three-dimensional single-molecule fluorescence imaging beyond the diffraction limit using a double-helix point spread function 有权
$Three-dimensional single-molecule fluorescence imaging beyond the diffraction limit using a double-helix point spread function$
标题翻译：三维单分子荧光成像超越衍射极限使用双螺旋点扩散函数
公开(公告)号：US08693742B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-08
申请号：US12640834
申请日：2009-12-17
申请人： Rafael Piestun , Sri Rama Prasanna Pavani , Michael A. Thompson , Julie S. Biteen , William E. Moerner
发明人： Rafael Piestun , Sri Rama Prasanna Pavani , Michael A. Thompson , Julie S. Biteen , William E. Moerner
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06K9/62
CPC分类号： G06T3/4053 , G01N21/6456 , G02B21/0076 , G02B21/16 , G06T7/12 , G06T2207/10064 , G06T2207/30024
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention can resolve molecules beyond the optical diffraction limit in three dimensions. A double-helix point spread function can be used to in conjunction with a microscope to provide dual-lobed images of a molecule. Based on the rotation of the dual-lobed image, the axial position of the molecule can be estimated or determined. In some embodiments, the angular rotation of the dual-lobed imaged can be determined using a centroid fit calculation or by finding the midpoints of the centers of the two lobes. Regardless of the technique, the correspondence between the rotation and axial position can be utilized. A double-helix point spread function can also be used to determine the lateral positions of molecules and hence their three-dimensional location.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例可以在三维范围内解析超出光学衍射极限的分子。双螺旋点扩散功能可以与显微镜结合使用以提供分子的双叶图像。基于双裂片图像的旋转，可以估计或确定分子的轴向位置。在一些实施例中，可以使用重心拟合计算或通过找到两个瓣的中心的中点来确定双裂片成像的角旋转。不管这种技术如何，可以利用旋转和轴向位置之间的对应关系。双螺旋点扩散函数也可以用于确定分子的横向位置，并因此确定它们的三维位置。

5. 发明申请

US20100278400A1 THREE-DIMENSIONAL SINGLE-MOLECULE FLUORESCENCE IMAGING BEYOND THE DIFFRACTION LIMIT USING A DOUBLE-HELIX POINT SPREAD FUNCTION 有权
标题翻译：三维单分子荧光成像在双折点点扩展功能之外的差异限制
公开(公告)号：US20100278400A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-04
申请号：US12640834
申请日：2009-12-17
申请人： Rafael Piestun , Sri Rama Prasanna Pavani , Michael A. Thompson , Julie S. Biteen , William E. Moerner
发明人： Rafael Piestun , Sri Rama Prasanna Pavani , Michael A. Thompson , Julie S. Biteen , William E. Moerner
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G02B21/00
CPC分类号： G06T3/4053 , G01N21/6456 , G02B21/0076 , G02B21/16 , G06T7/12 , G06T2207/10064 , G06T2207/30024
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention can resolve molecules beyond the optical diffraction limit in three dimensions. A double-helix point spread function can be used to in conjunction with a microscope to provide dual-lobed images of a molecule. Based on the rotation of the dual-lobed image, the axial position of the molecule can be estimated or determined. In some embodiments, the angular rotation of the dual-lobed imaged can be determined using a centroid fit calculation or by finding the midpoints of the centers of the two lobes. Regardless of the technique, the correspondence between the rotation and axial position can be utilized. A double-helix point spread function can also be used to determine the lateral positions of molecules and hence their three-dimensional location.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例可以在三维范围内解析超出光学衍射极限的分子。双螺旋点扩散功能可以与显微镜结合使用以提供分子的双叶图像。基于双裂片图像的旋转，可以估计或确定分子的轴向位置。在一些实施例中，可以使用重心拟合计算或通过找到两个瓣的中心的中点来确定双裂片成像的角旋转。不管这种技术如何，可以利用旋转和轴向位置之间的对应关系。双螺旋点扩散函数也可以用于确定分子的横向位置，并因此确定它们的三维位置。

6. 发明申请

US20140015935A1 METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR THREE DIMENSIONAL OPTICAL IMAGING, SENSING, PARTICLE LOCALIZATION AND MANIPULATION 有权
标题翻译：用于三维光学成像，感测，粒子定位和操作的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20140015935A1
公开(公告)日：2014-01-16
申请号：US14031887
申请日：2013-09-19
申请人： Rafael Piestun , Sean Albert Quirin
发明人： Rafael Piestun , Sean Albert Quirin
IPC分类号： H04N13/02
CPC分类号： H04N13/204 , G06T7/77 , G06T2207/10056 , G06T2207/10064
摘要： Embodiments include methods, systems, and/or devices that may be used to image, obtain three-dimensional information from a scence, and/or locate multiple small particles and/or objects in three dimensions. A point spread function (PSF) with a predefined three dimensional shape may be implemented to obtain high Fisher information in 3D. The PSF may be generated via a phase mask, an amplitude mask, a hologram, or a diffractive optical element. The small particles may be imaged using the 3D PSF. The images may be used to find the precise location of the object using an estimation algorithm such as maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), expectation maximization, or Bayesian methods, for example. Calibration measurements can be used to improve the theoretical model of the optical system. Fiduciary particles/targets can also be used to compensate for drift and other type of movement of the sample relative to the detector.
摘要翻译：实施例包括可用于成像，从三角形获取三维信息和/或定位三维的多个小颗粒和/或物体的方法，系统和/或设备。可以实现具有预定三维形状的点扩散函数（PSF）以获得3D中的高Fisher信息。 PSF可以通过相位掩模，幅度掩模，全息图或衍射光学元件生成。可以使用3D PSF对小颗粒进行成像。例如，图像可以用于使用诸如最大似然估计（MLE），期望最大化或贝叶斯方法的估计算法来找到对象的精确位置。校准测量可用于改善光学系统的理论模型。受信颗粒/目标也可用于补偿样品相对于检测器的漂移和其他类型的运动。

7. 发明授权

US08620065B2 Methods and systems for three dimensional optical imaging, sensing, particle localization and manipulation 有权
标题翻译：用于三维光学成像，感测，粒子定位和操纵的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08620065B2
公开(公告)日：2013-12-31
申请号：US13084345
申请日：2011-04-11
申请人： Rafael Piestun , Sean Albert Quirin
发明人： Rafael Piestun , Sean Albert Quirin
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： H04N13/204 , G06T7/77 , G06T2207/10056 , G06T2207/10064
摘要： Embodiments include methods, systems, and/or devices that may be used to image, obtain three-dimensional information from a scence, and/or locate multiple small particles and/or objects in three dimensions. A point spread function (PSF) with a predefined three dimensional shape may be implemented to obtain high Fisher information in 3D. The PSF may be generated via a phase mask, an amplitude mask, a hologram, or a diffractive optical element. The small particles may be imaged using the 3D PSF. The images may be used to find the precise location of the object using an estimation algorithm such as maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), expectation maximization, or Bayesian methods, for example. Calibration measurements can be used to improve the theoretical model of the optical system. Fiduciary particles/targets can also be used to compensate for drift and other type of movement of the sample relative to the detector.
摘要翻译：实施例包括可用于成像，从三角形获得三维信息和/或定位三维的多个小颗粒和/或物体的方法，系统和/或设备。可以实现具有预定三维形状的点扩散函数（PSF）以获得3D中的高Fisher信息。 PSF可以通过相位掩模，幅度掩模，全息图或衍射光学元件生成。可以使用3D PSF对小颗粒进行成像。例如，图像可以用于使用诸如最大似然估计（MLE），期望最大化或贝叶斯方法的估计算法来找到对象的精确位置。校准测量可用于改善光学系统的理论模型。受信颗粒/目标也可用于补偿样品相对于检测器的漂移和其他类型的运动。

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