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1. 发明授权

US4659218A Multi-probe system for measuring bubble characteristics gas hold-up, liquid hold-up and solid hold-up in a three-phase fluidized bed 失效
标题翻译：用于测量气泡特性的多探针系统气体滞留，液体滞留和固体滞留在三相流化床中
公开(公告)号：US4659218A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-21
申请号：US737059
申请日：1985-05-23
申请人： Hugo I. de Lasa , Shiun-Liang Lee , Maurice A. Bergougnou
发明人： Hugo I. de Lasa , Shiun-Liang Lee , Maurice A. Bergougnou
IPC分类号： B01J8/24 , G01N15/00 , G01N15/14 , G01N21/43 , G01N21/41
CPC分类号： B01J8/1809 , G01N21/431 , G01N15/14 , G01N2015/0011 , G01N2021/432
摘要： Method and apparatus are disclosed for determining one or more physical characteristics of individual bubbles in a gas-liquid system and a gas-liquid-solid system at high temperatures and pressures. An in situ probe device is inserted into the system over which individual bubbles flow. The probe device has a plurality of independent probes. Each has a rounded fibre optic end portion projecting into the system. A source of incident light is directed onto each of the probes. The rounded end portion of each probe is formed with a radius of curvature sufficiently large whereby the angle of incidence of the source light at the rounded portion is greater than the angle of total reflection for the fibre optic when in contact with the gas. The angle of incidence is less than the angle of total reflection for the fibre optic when in contact with the liquid. The plurality of probes are spatially arranged to detect one or more of the bubble physical characteristics as a bubble flows over the probe device. The change in light intensity of reflected light emerging from the probe is measured. The change in light intensities of each of the probes over time is evaluated to determine the one or more bubble characteristics. Each probe is formed of sufficiently thin fibre optic and spaced from the other probes of the device to enable detection of the bubble characteristics for individual bubbles flowing over the probe device. This probe system enables the monitoring of physical characteristics of bubbles in two and three phase systems in an efficient, reliable, economical manner. The system also provides for a measure of solid, gas and liquid hold-ups in a three-phase system.
摘要翻译：公开了用于确定气液系统中的各个气泡的一种或多种物理特性的方法和装置以及在高温和高压下的气 - 液 - 固系统。将原位探针装置插入到各个气泡流过的系统中。探针装置具有多个独立的探针。每个都有一个圆形的光纤端部突出到系统中。入射光源被引导到每个探针上。每个探针的圆形端部形成有足够大的曲率半径，由此源极光在圆形部分处的入射角大于当与气体接触时光纤的全反射角度。入射角小于当与液体接触时光纤的全反射角度。多个探针在空间上布置成在气泡流过探针装置时检测气泡物理特性中的一个或多个。测量从探针出射的反射光的光强度的变化。评估每个探针的光强度随时间的变化以确定一个或多个气泡特性。每个探针由足够薄的光纤形成并与装置的其它探针间隔开，以便检测在探针装置上流动的各个气泡的气泡特性。该探针系统能够以高效，可靠，经济的方式监测两相和三相系统中气泡的物理特性。该系统还提供三相系统中固体，气体和液体滞留的测量。

2. 发明授权

US5488190A Prepartion of vinyl chloride by ultrapyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane 失效
标题翻译：通过1,2-二氯乙烷超分解法制备氯乙烯
公开(公告)号：US5488190A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-30
申请号：US49498
申请日：1993-04-21
申请人： Jean-Marc Le Blevec , Yves Correia , Jean-Jacques Masini , Jacques Bousquet , Maurice A. Bergougnou
发明人： Jean-Marc Le Blevec , Yves Correia , Jean-Jacques Masini , Jacques Bousquet , Maurice A. Bergougnou
IPC分类号： C07C21/06 , C07C17/25
CPC分类号： C07C17/25
摘要： Vinyl chloride monomer is selectively prepared by intimately contacting, in the absence of steam, a feedstream of 1,2-dichloroethane with a flow of fluid or solid particulates heated to such elevated temperature and for such minim period of time, e.g., 0.010 to 0.5 second, as to flash transfer a dehydrochlorinating amount of thermal energy to the 1,2-dichloroethane and thereby ultrapyrolyzing at least a fraction of same into vinyl chloride and HCl, and recovering the vinyl chloride from the medium of ultrapyrolysis.
摘要翻译：选择性地制备氯乙烯单体，在不存在蒸汽的情况下，将1,2-二氯乙烷的原料流与加热到这种升高的温度的流体或固体微粒的流动紧密接触，并且在这样最短的时间内，例如0.010至0.5 第二，闪蒸将脱氯化氢的量转移到1,2-二氯乙烷中，从而将其至少一部分超分子量化成氯乙烯和HCl，并从超分解介质中回收氯乙烯。

3. 发明授权

US4450895A Process and apparatus for heating or cooling light solid particles 失效
标题翻译：用于加热或冷却轻固体颗粒的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4450895A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-29
申请号：US317326
申请日：1981-11-02
申请人： Georges Meunier , Maurice A. Bergougnou
发明人： Georges Meunier , Maurice A. Bergougnou
IPC分类号： B01J8/18 , F28C3/14 , F28D19/02
CPC分类号： F28C3/14 , F28D19/02
摘要： The invention discloses a process and apparatus for the heating or cooling of light solid particles having a low free-fall speed, by means of flowing gas-solid exchangers. The process makes it possible to heat or cool light solid particles dispersed in a gas flow by contacting them with a countercurrent flow of heavy solid particles having a greater final free-fall speed and that are hot or cool in relation to the light particles, thus effecting a heat transfer between the particles.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种通过流动气固交换器来加热或冷却具有低自由落体速度的轻固体颗粒的方法和装置。该方法使得可以通过使分散在气流中的轻固体颗粒与具有更大最终自由下落速度的重固体颗粒的逆流流动并且相对于轻微颗粒热或冷而加热或冷却轻固体颗粒，因此实现颗粒之间的热传递。

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