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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Graphics data processing apparatus with draw and advance operation
    • 图形数据处理设备带有绘制和提前操作
    • US5162784A
    • 1992-11-10
    • US522409
    • 1990-05-10
    • Karl M. GuttagMark F. NovakMichael D. AsalNeil TebbuttJerry R. Van Aken
    • Karl M. GuttagMark F. NovakMichael D. AsalNeil TebbuttJerry R. Van Aken
    • G06T1/20G09G5/393
    • G06T1/20G09G5/393G09G2340/10
    • The graphics data processor of the present invention offers as a single instruction in its instruction set a draw and advance operation. A first data register stores a set of X and Y coordinates. In a first embodiment, a predetermined color code is stored at the pixel address of a bit mapped display memory indicated by the X and Y coordinates the first data register upon execution of the the draw and advance instruction. The X and Y coordinates stored in the first data register are then advanced by addition of X and Y coordinates stored in a second data register. A second embodiment is similar except that the color code stored at the X and Y coordinates of the first date register is recalled for combining with the predetermined color code and the combined result stored at that pixel location. The predetermined color code is preferrably stored in another data register. By proper selection of the X and Y coordinate data stored in the second data register either the X or the Y coordinate may be altered alone or both may be simultaneously changed. Provision of signed X and Y coordinate values in the second register enables either the X or Y coordinate to be incremented of decremented. This instruction serves to enhance the speed at which a line or computed curve may by drawn in the bit mapped display.
    • 本发明的图形数据处理器在其指令集中作为单个指令提供绘图和提前操作。 第一数据寄存器存储一组X和Y坐标。 在第一实施例中,在由X和Y指示的位映射显示存储器的像素地址处存储预定色码,并且在执行绘图和提前指令时对第一数据寄存器进行坐标。 然后通过加上存储在第二数据寄存器中的X和Y坐标来提前存储在第一数据寄存器中的X和Y坐标。 第二实施例是类似的,除了存储在第一日期寄存器的X和Y坐标处的颜色代码被调用以与预定颜色代码组合,并且存储在该像素位置处的组合结果。 预定的颜色代码优选地存储在另一个数据寄存器中。 通过对存储在第二数据寄存器中的X和Y坐标数据的适当选择,可以单独改变X或Y坐标,或者可以同时改变两者。 在第二个寄存器中提供有符号的X和Y坐标值可以使X或Y坐标递增递减。 该指令用于提高在位映射显示中绘制线或计算曲线的速度。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Efficient context saving and restoring in a multi-tasking computing
system environment
    • 在多任务计算系统环境中高效的上下文保存和恢复
    • US06061711A
    • 2000-05-09
    • US699280
    • 1996-08-19
    • Seungyoon Peter SongMoataz A. MohamedHeonchul ParkLe T. NguyenJerry R. Van AkenAlessandro ForinAndrew R. Raffman
    • Seungyoon Peter SongMoataz A. MohamedHeonchul ParkLe T. NguyenJerry R. Van AkenAlessandro ForinAndrew R. Raffman
    • G06F9/44G06F9/30G06F9/38G06F9/46G06F9/48G06F17/16
    • G06F9/30087G06F9/30003G06F9/30036G06F9/30043G06F9/3009G06F9/3836G06F9/3861G06F9/3877G06F9/3887G06F9/461
    • In a multi-tasking computing system environment, one program is halted and context switched out so that a processor may context switch in a subsequent program for execution. Processor state information exists which reflects the state of the program being context switched out. Storage of this processor state information permits successful resumption of the context switched out program. When the context switched out program is subsequently context switched in, the stored processor information is loaded in preparation for successfully resuming the program at the point in which execution was previously halted. Although, large areas of memory can be allocated to processor state information storage, only a portion of this may need to be preserved across a context switch for successfully saving and resuming the context switched out program. Unnecessarily saving and loading all available processor state information can be noticeably inefficient particularly where relatively large amounts of processor state information exists. In one embodiment, a processor requests a co-processor to context switch out the currently executing program. At a predetermined appropriate point in the executing program, the co-processor responds by halting program execution and saving only the minimal amount of processor state information necessary for successful restoration of the program. The appropriate point is chosen by the application programmer at a location in the executing program that requires preserving a minimal portion of the processor information across a context switch. By saving only a minimal amount of processor information, processor time savings are accumulated across context save and restoration operations.
    • 在多任务计算系统环境中,停止一个程序并上下文切换,使得处理器可以在后续程序中上下文切换以执行。 存在反映正在上下文切换的程序的状态的处理器状态信息。 该处理器状态信息的存储允许成功恢复上下文切换程序。 当上下文切换程序随后进行上下文切换时,加载所存储的处理器信息以准备好在先前停止执行的点成功恢复程序。 尽管可以将大面积的存储器分配给处理器状态信息存储,但是只有一部分可能需要在上下文切换中被保留以成功地保存和恢复上下文切换程序。 不必要地保存和加载所有可用的处理器状态信息,特别是在存在相对大量的处理器状态信息的情况下是显着的。 在一个实施例中,处理器请求协处理器上下文切换当前执行的程序。 在执行程序中的预定的适当点处,协处理器通过停止程序执行并且仅节省成功恢复程序所需的最小量的处理器状态信息来进行响应。 应用程序员在执行程序中需要在上下文切换中保留处理器信息的最小部分的位置来选择适当的点。 通过仅节省最少量的处理器信息,可以在上下文保存和恢复操作中累积处理器时间节省。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Process of processing graphics data
    • 处理图形数据的过程
    • US5923340A
    • 1999-07-13
    • US485540
    • 1995-06-07
    • Karl M. GuttagMichael D. AsalJerry R. Van AkenNeil TebbuttMark F. Novak
    • Karl M. GuttagMichael D. AsalJerry R. Van AkenNeil TebbuttMark F. Novak
    • G06T1/20G09G5/393G06F12/06
    • G06T1/20G09G5/393G09G2340/10
    • The graphics data processor of the present invention offers as a single instruction in its instruction set a draw and advance operation. A first data register stores a set of X and Y coordinates. In a first embodiment, a predetermined color code is stored at the pixel address of a bit mapped display memory indicated by the X and Y coordinates the first data register upon execution of the the draw and advance instruction. The X and Y coordinates stored in the first data register are then advanced by addition of X and Y coordinates stored in a second data register. A second embodiment is similar except that the color code stored at the X and Y coordinates of the first date register is recalled for combining with the predetermined color code and the combined result stored at that pixel location. The predetermined color code is preferrably stored in another data register. By proper selection of the X and Y coordinate data stored in the second data register either the X or the Y coordinate may be altered alone or both may by simultaneously changed. Provision of signed X and Y coordinate values in the second register enables either the X or Y coordinate to be incremented of decremented. This instruction serves to inhance the speed at which a line or computed curve may by drawn in the bit mapped display.
    • 本发明的图形数据处理器在其指令集中作为单个指令提供绘图和提前操作。 第一数据寄存器存储一组X和Y坐标。 在第一实施例中,在由X和Y指示的位映射显示存储器的像素地址处存储预定色码,并且在执行绘图和提前指令时对第一数据寄存器进行坐标。 然后通过加上存储在第二数据寄存器中的X和Y坐标来提前存储在第一数据寄存器中的X和Y坐标。 第二实施例是类似的,除了存储在第一日期寄存器的X和Y坐标处的颜色代码被调用以与预定颜色代码组合,并且存储在该像素位置处的组合结果。 预定的颜色代码优选地存储在另一个数据寄存器中。 通过适当选择存储在第二数据寄存器中的X和Y坐标数据,X或Y坐标可以单独改变,或者两者可以同时改变。 在第二个寄存器中提供有符号的X和Y坐标值可以使X或Y坐标递增递减。 该指令用于提高在位映射显示中绘制线或计算曲线的速度。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Iterative division apparatus, system and method employing left most
one's detection and left most one's detection with exclusive OR
    • 迭代分割装置,采用最左侧检测的系统和方法,最大限度地利用异或进行检测
    • US5596519A
    • 1997-01-21
    • US484113
    • 1995-06-07
    • Jerry R. Van AkenKarl M. GuttagSydney W. Poland
    • Jerry R. Van AkenKarl M. GuttagSydney W. Poland
    • G06F7/52G06F7/74
    • G06F7/74G06F7/535G06F2207/5353G06F7/49936
    • An iterative technique for division having a divisor of N bits and a numerator of more than N bits. Each iteration includes initial detection of the position of a left most one bit (1011, 1035) of N most significant bits of the numerator. If this L is not zero, then the numerator is left shifted by L places (1016, 1039), the next L quotient bits are set to zero and the number of completed iterations is incremented by L. An alternative embodiment detects bit position of the left most one of an exclusive OR of the N most significant bits of the numerator and the divisor. Next the divisor is subtracted from the N most significant bits of the numerator. If the difference is greater than or equal to zero, then the next quotient bit is "1" and the difference is substituted for the N most significant bits of the numerator. If the difference is less than zero, then the next quotient bit is "0". Then the numerator is left shifted one place. These iterations repeat until they exceed N. The last numerator is the remainder of the division. This technique eliminates useless data manipulation for the cases where this technique determines the quotient bits are "0".
    • 一种用于除法的迭代技术,其具有N位的除数和大于N位的分子。 每个迭代包括对分子的N个最高有效位的最左一位(1011,1035)的位置的初始检测。 如果该L不为零,则分子左移L位(1016,1033),下一个L商位被设置为零,并且完成的迭代次数增加L.替代实施例检测位置 留下分子和除数的N个最高有效位的异或的最多的一个。 接下来,从分子的N个最高有效位中减去除数。 如果差值大于或等于零,则下一个商位为“1”,差值代替分子的N个最高有效位。 如果差值小于零,则下一个商位为“0”。 然后分子左移一个位置。 这些迭代重复直到它们超过N.最后一个分子是除法的剩余部分。 这种技术消除了这种技术确定商位为“0”的情况下的无用数据操作。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Graphics computer system, a graphics system arrangement, a display
system, a graphics processor and a method of processing graphic data
    • 图形计算机系统,图形系统布置,显示系统,图形处理器和处理图形数据的方法
    • US5437011A
    • 1995-07-25
    • US191885
    • 1994-02-04
    • Karl M. GuttagMichael D. AsalJerry R. Van AkenNeil TebbuttMark F. Novak
    • Karl M. GuttagMichael D. AsalJerry R. Van AkenNeil TebbuttMark F. Novak
    • G06T1/20G09G5/393G06F15/00
    • G06T1/20G09G5/393G09G2340/10
    • The graphics data processor of the present invention offers as a single instruction in its instruction set a draw and advance operation. A first data register stores a set of X and Y coordinates. In a first embodiment, a predetermined color code is stored at the pixel address of a bit mapped display memory indicated by the X and Y coordinates the first data register upon execution of the draw and advance instruction. The X and Y coordinates stored in the first data register are then advanced by addition of X and Y coordinates stored In a second data register. A second embodiment is similar except that the color code stored at the X and Y coordinates of the first data register is recalled for combining with the predetermined color code and the combined result stored at that pixel location. The predetermined color code is preferably stored in another data register. By proper selection of the X and Y coordinate data stored in the second data register either the X or the Y coordinate may be altered alone or both may be simultaneously changed. Provision of signed X and Y coordinate values in the second register enables either the X or Y coordinate to be incremented or decremented. This instruction serves to enhance the speed at which a line or computed curve may be drawn in the bit mapped display.
    • 本发明的图形数据处理器在其指令集中作为单个指令提供绘图和提前操作。 第一数据寄存器存储一组X和Y坐标。 在第一实施例中,在由X和Y指示的位映射显示存储器的像素地址处存储预定色码,并且在执行绘图和提前指令时对第一数据寄存器进行坐标。 然后,存储在第一数据寄存器中的X和Y坐标通过添加存储在第二数据寄存器中的X和Y坐标来提前。 第二实施例是类似的,除了存储在第一数据寄存器的X和Y坐标处的颜色代码被调用以与预定颜色代码组合,并且存储在该像素位置处的组合结果。 预定的颜色代码优选地存储在另一个数据寄存器中。 通过对存储在第二数据寄存器中的X和Y坐标数据的适当选择,可以单独改变X或Y坐标,或者可以同时改变两者。 在第二个寄存器中提供有符号的X和Y坐标值可使X或Y坐标值递增或递减。 该指令用于增强在位映射显示中绘制线或计算曲线的速度。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Video interface palette, systems and method
    • 视频界面调色板,系统和方法
    • US5371517A
    • 1994-12-06
    • US791757
    • 1991-11-08
    • Louis IzziWilliam R. KrenikHenry T. YungChenwei J. YinCarrell R. Killebrew, Jr.Karl GuttagJerry R. Van AkenJeffrey NyeRichard SimpsonMike Asal
    • Louis IzziWilliam R. KrenikHenry T. YungChenwei J. YinCarrell R. Killebrew, Jr.Karl GuttagJerry R. Van AkenJeffrey NyeRichard SimpsonMike Asal
    • G06F11/00G09G5/06G09G5/18G09G1/28
    • G06F11/006G09G5/06G09G5/18
    • A color palette selects a master clock from plural clock signals received at clock input terminals in response to a master clock selection control word received at control data terminals. A circuit forms a plurality of divided down clock signals from selected divide ratios of the master clock. A circuit selects a shift clock from among the divided down clock signals in response to at least some bits of an output clock selection control word received at the control data terminals. A circuit selectively enables and disables the shift clock in response to blanking data. A circuit selects a video clock from among the divided down clock signals in response to at least some bits of the output clock selection control word. A circuit synchronizes multiple bit words of color code received at color code input terminals with the master clock. A circuit outputs at least one memory recall address in response to receiving each multiple bit word of color code. A circuit stores color data words in a plurality of data storage locations, having associated memory recall addresses, and outputs a color data word upon receipt of an associated memory recall address. A circuit selectively writes color data words into these plural locations. A circuit synchronizes video control signals received at video control terminals with the master clock and provides the blanking data. A circuit selects for output between said color data words and true color data words received at said color code input terminals.
    • 响应于在控制数据终端接收的主时钟选择控制字,调色板从在时钟输入端接收的多个时钟信号中选择主时钟。 A电路根据主时钟的选择的分频比形成多个分频的下降时钟信号。 电路响应于在控制数据端子处接收的输出时钟选择控制字的至少一些位,从分频的下降时钟信号中选择移位时钟。 电路响应于消隐数据选择性地启用和禁用移位时钟。 响应于输出时钟选择控制字的至少一些位,电路从分频的下降时钟信号中选择视频时钟。 电路将彩色码输入端子接收的彩色码的多位字与主时钟同步。 响应于接收到颜色代码的每个多个位字,A电路输出至少一个存储器调用地址。 电路将颜色数据字存储在具有相关联的存储器调用地址的多个数据存储位置中,并且在接收到相关联的存储器调用地址时输出彩色数据字。 电路将彩色数据字选择性地写入这些多个位置。 电路将视频控制终端接收的视频控制信号与主时钟同步,并提供消隐数据。 电路选择所述颜色数据字和在所述颜色代码输入端接收的真彩色数据字之间的输出。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Flexible graphics interface device switch selectable big and little
endian modes, systems and methods
    • 灵活的图形界面设备开关选择大和小端模式,系统和方法
    • US5446482A
    • 1995-08-29
    • US792503
    • 1991-11-13
    • Jerry R. Van AkenChenwei J. Yin
    • Jerry R. Van AkenChenwei J. Yin
    • G09G5/02G06T11/00G09G5/06G09G5/36G09G1/28
    • G09G5/06
    • A circuit 83, 97 is provided for selectively interpreting data received in a format selected from the big-endian and little-endian formats to an other one of the big-endian and little-endian formats and includes an array of j sequentially ordered data input terminals for receiving a j-bit word of data formatted in a preselected one of the big-endian and little-endian formats. An array of j sequentially ordered first AND gates 126 is provided, each first AND gate 126 having first and second input ports and an output port, the first input port of the n.sup.th first AND gate 126 coupled to the n.sup.th one of the input terminals, the second input ports of the first AND gates 126 coupled to a control signal. An array of j sequentially ordered second AND gates 128 are provided, and each second AND gate 128 having first and second input ports and an output port, of the first input port of an n.sup.th one of the second AND gates 128 coupled to a (j-n+1).sup.th one of the first input terminals, the second input ports of the second AND gates 128 are coupled to a second control. An array of j sequentially ordered OR gates 130 are provided each having first and second input ports and an output port, the first input port of an m.sup.th one of the OR gates 130 being coupled to the output of an m.sup.th one of the first AND gate 126, the second input port of an n.sup.th one of the OR gates 130 coupled to the output of the n.sup.th one of the second AND gates 128. Wherein j is a consonant, n is a variable between 1 and j, and m is a variable between 1 and j.
    • 提供一个电路83,97用于选择性地将从大端和小端格式选择的格式接收的数据解析为大端和小端格式的另一种格式,并且包括j个顺序数据输入的阵列 用于接收以预选的大端和小端格式格式化的数据的j位字的终端。 提供了j个顺序排列的第一与门126的阵列,每个第一与门126具有第一和第二输入端口和输出端口,第n个第一与门126的第一输入端口耦合到第n个输入端子, 第一与门126的第二输入端口耦合到控制信号。 提供了j个顺序排列的第二与门128的阵列,并且每个第二与门128具有第一和第二输入端口的第一和第二输入端口和第二输入端口,第二输入端口与第 -n + 1)个第一输入端,第二与门128的第二输入端耦合到第二控制。 提供了具有第一和第二输入端口和输出端口的j个顺序OR门130的阵列,或门130的第m个的第一输入端口耦合到第一与门第一个的输出端 126是与第二AND门128的第n个的输出耦合的或门130中第n个的第二输入端口。其中j是辅音,n是1和j之间的变量,m是变量 在1和j之间。